Earthquakes - Earth Science
... The Earth’s tectonic plates are in motion. This movement creates forces called stress that push and pull the rock within the Earth’s crust. ...
... The Earth’s tectonic plates are in motion. This movement creates forces called stress that push and pull the rock within the Earth’s crust. ...
Section 9-2
... epicenter in all directions • These waves travel by giving rock particles an elliptical (curved) and side-to-side motion. • Surface waves cause most of the destruction during an earthquake. ...
... epicenter in all directions • These waves travel by giving rock particles an elliptical (curved) and side-to-side motion. • Surface waves cause most of the destruction during an earthquake. ...
Crustal Boundaries and Patterns of Activity
... 3. Observe the World Seismicity Map at http://wwwneic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/general/seismicity/world.html. Plot the general locations of past earthquakes shown on this map by shading in those areas on your world map using the same color key for earthquake depth as in step 1. (Make sure the individual ea ...
... 3. Observe the World Seismicity Map at http://wwwneic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/general/seismicity/world.html. Plot the general locations of past earthquakes shown on this map by shading in those areas on your world map using the same color key for earthquake depth as in step 1. (Make sure the individual ea ...
interior of the earth
... direction of waves are inferred with the help of their record on seismograph. The surface waves are the last to report on seismograph. These waves are more destructive. They cause displacement of rocks, and hence, the collapse of structures occurs. ...
... direction of waves are inferred with the help of their record on seismograph. The surface waves are the last to report on seismograph. These waves are more destructive. They cause displacement of rocks, and hence, the collapse of structures occurs. ...
Earthquakes release energy.
... a Greek word meaning “on top of.” An earthquake’s epicenter is directly over its focus. ...
... a Greek word meaning “on top of.” An earthquake’s epicenter is directly over its focus. ...
Oceanic Crust - River Dell Regional School District
... •India used to be an island, but about 15 million years ago it crashed into Asia (see map). •As continental crust was pushing against continental crust the Himalayan mountain belt was pushed up. •“Mountains” were also pushed down into the mantle as the normally 35 km thick crust is approximately 70 ...
... •India used to be an island, but about 15 million years ago it crashed into Asia (see map). •As continental crust was pushing against continental crust the Himalayan mountain belt was pushed up. •“Mountains” were also pushed down into the mantle as the normally 35 km thick crust is approximately 70 ...
Hazards - Hodder Education
... sometimes called a thrust or megathrust fault. Where the plates are locked together, frictional stress builds. When that stress exceeds a given threshold, a sudden failure occurs along the fault plane that can result in a ‘mega-thrust’ earthquake, releasing strain energy and radiating seismic waves. ...
... sometimes called a thrust or megathrust fault. Where the plates are locked together, frictional stress builds. When that stress exceeds a given threshold, a sudden failure occurs along the fault plane that can result in a ‘mega-thrust’ earthquake, releasing strain energy and radiating seismic waves. ...
GeologyJeopardy
... A. Describe earth features and processes. • Describe major layers of the earth. • Describe the processes involved in the creation of geologic features (e.g., folding, faulting, volcanism, sedimentation) and that these processes seen today (e.g., erosion, weathering crustal plate movement) are simila ...
... A. Describe earth features and processes. • Describe major layers of the earth. • Describe the processes involved in the creation of geologic features (e.g., folding, faulting, volcanism, sedimentation) and that these processes seen today (e.g., erosion, weathering crustal plate movement) are simila ...
Spatial variations in the frequency
... spacing of 15 km is used for the SIMUL2000 program. Following the tomographic inversion, a detailed 3-D velocity model was obtained (Lin et al., 2006a, accepted), and all of the earthquakes were relocated using this 3-D velocity model. Only hypocenters determined at an accuracy lower than 10 km in t ...
... spacing of 15 km is used for the SIMUL2000 program. Following the tomographic inversion, a detailed 3-D velocity model was obtained (Lin et al., 2006a, accepted), and all of the earthquakes were relocated using this 3-D velocity model. Only hypocenters determined at an accuracy lower than 10 km in t ...
Warm-Up # 46 - East Hanover Schools Online
... younger at divergent boundaries is that _______ rocks are found at the mid-ocean ridges and older ______________rocks are found further away. ...
... younger at divergent boundaries is that _______ rocks are found at the mid-ocean ridges and older ______________rocks are found further away. ...
Locating the Epicenter
... or change the shape of the sea floor by prompting landslides. Alaska is at particularly high risk of tsunamis due to its close proximity to the seismically active Alaska-Aleutian megathrust zone. In this subduction zone, the Pacific plate is sliding under the North American plate, giving Alaska more ...
... or change the shape of the sea floor by prompting landslides. Alaska is at particularly high risk of tsunamis due to its close proximity to the seismically active Alaska-Aleutian megathrust zone. In this subduction zone, the Pacific plate is sliding under the North American plate, giving Alaska more ...
Locating the Epicenter (modified for ADEED)
... Explain that scientists consider three important factors when determining the likelihood of an earthquake to generate a tsunami. First, they determine whether the earthquake had a magnitude greater than 7.0. Magnitude describes the amount of shaking and energy released during a quake. On average, on ...
... Explain that scientists consider three important factors when determining the likelihood of an earthquake to generate a tsunami. First, they determine whether the earthquake had a magnitude greater than 7.0. Magnitude describes the amount of shaking and energy released during a quake. On average, on ...
Word format
... Faults can occur a long way from the plate boundaries, producing a second class of earthquakes in regions referred to as _________________________. Some of these may be ancient faults that are no longer active, but many are still active today. Where was the largest earthquake in the recorded history ...
... Faults can occur a long way from the plate boundaries, producing a second class of earthquakes in regions referred to as _________________________. Some of these may be ancient faults that are no longer active, but many are still active today. Where was the largest earthquake in the recorded history ...
The San Andreas Fault System – Paul Withers Wallace RE, The San
... “The San Andreas fault system is considered to lie principally within a belt about 100 km wide by 1,300 km long.” Current speeds between the North American and Pacific plates are 30 – 40 mm/yr, with a somewhat lower average speed causing 300 – 500 km strike-slip movement in total. “The modern San An ...
... “The San Andreas fault system is considered to lie principally within a belt about 100 km wide by 1,300 km long.” Current speeds between the North American and Pacific plates are 30 – 40 mm/yr, with a somewhat lower average speed causing 300 – 500 km strike-slip movement in total. “The modern San An ...
Chapter 11
... the city of Valdez, Alaska. The Wrangellia terranes–a former volcanic island arc and associated marine sediments from near the equator–migrated approximately 10,000 km to form the Wrangell Mountains and three other distinct areas along the western margin of the continent. ...
... the city of Valdez, Alaska. The Wrangellia terranes–a former volcanic island arc and associated marine sediments from near the equator–migrated approximately 10,000 km to form the Wrangell Mountains and three other distinct areas along the western margin of the continent. ...
Unit One: The Restless Earth Question 1.
... e.g. Pacific & N. American Plates forming the San Andreas Fault ...
... e.g. Pacific & N. American Plates forming the San Andreas Fault ...
Geology 412-001: Crustal Geophysics Spring 2007
... Office hours: Mon: 1-5 PM; Tues-Thur: 2-5 PM Wed-Fri: Research days! (Warning: you may be talked into undertaking a research project if you stop by on these days!) Course Objectives: The main objective of this course is to introduce you to the techniques of geophysics and how they are used to constr ...
... Office hours: Mon: 1-5 PM; Tues-Thur: 2-5 PM Wed-Fri: Research days! (Warning: you may be talked into undertaking a research project if you stop by on these days!) Course Objectives: The main objective of this course is to introduce you to the techniques of geophysics and how they are used to constr ...
How mountains are made
... and give information about, forces within the Earth – Produced as rocks change shape and orientation in response to applied stress – Structural geology is the study of the shapes, arrangement, and interrelationships of rock units and the forces that cause them ...
... and give information about, forces within the Earth – Produced as rocks change shape and orientation in response to applied stress – Structural geology is the study of the shapes, arrangement, and interrelationships of rock units and the forces that cause them ...
Source Parameters and Tectonic Implications of Aftershocks of the M
... Abstract We present and discuss the spatial distribution of more than 1000 aftershocks of the largest continental intraplate earthquake to occur during the modern seismological period. The data were recorded on a network of eight portable digital seismographs deployed for 3 weeks starting 17 days af ...
... Abstract We present and discuss the spatial distribution of more than 1000 aftershocks of the largest continental intraplate earthquake to occur during the modern seismological period. The data were recorded on a network of eight portable digital seismographs deployed for 3 weeks starting 17 days af ...
Internal Forces Shaping the Earth
... geysers include the United States, Iceland, and Japan. Not all volcanic action is bad. Volcanic ash produces fertile soil. In some parts of the world, the hot springs, steam, and heat generated by the magma are tapped for energy. In Iceland, for example, volcanic heat and steam are used for heating ...
... geysers include the United States, Iceland, and Japan. Not all volcanic action is bad. Volcanic ash produces fertile soil. In some parts of the world, the hot springs, steam, and heat generated by the magma are tapped for energy. In Iceland, for example, volcanic heat and steam are used for heating ...
Tectonic Plates
... plunging plate heats up and melts. This is the type of boundary found along the coast of Japan. 8 Transform boundaries occur when two plates slide horizontally past one another. Transform boundaries are different than the other boundary types. They do not usually form mountains, volcanoes, or trench ...
... plunging plate heats up and melts. This is the type of boundary found along the coast of Japan. 8 Transform boundaries occur when two plates slide horizontally past one another. Transform boundaries are different than the other boundary types. They do not usually form mountains, volcanoes, or trench ...
File - Mrs. Leachman Science
... for Earth’s continental crust. The most common divergent boundaries are mid-ocean ridges. Shallow earthquakes and minor, basaltic lava flows characterize divergent boundaries at midocean ridges. The seafloor at the ridges is higher than the surrounding plain because the rocks are hot and thus less d ...
... for Earth’s continental crust. The most common divergent boundaries are mid-ocean ridges. Shallow earthquakes and minor, basaltic lava flows characterize divergent boundaries at midocean ridges. The seafloor at the ridges is higher than the surrounding plain because the rocks are hot and thus less d ...
sample questions
... c. Russia d. Japan e. Canada 3. The dollar loss, in the USA, from natural disasters increased significantly in the 1990s. What is the most probable explanation for this? a. more large earthquakes b. increased population density c. inflation d. El Niño derived storms e. bad engineering practice 4. Mo ...
... c. Russia d. Japan e. Canada 3. The dollar loss, in the USA, from natural disasters increased significantly in the 1990s. What is the most probable explanation for this? a. more large earthquakes b. increased population density c. inflation d. El Niño derived storms e. bad engineering practice 4. Mo ...
Handout 2New - Glendale Community College
... How do divergent and convergent boundaries work to keep earth the same size? Describe the 3 types of convergent plate boundaries. Give examples of each. Why does oceanic crust sink below continental crust? What 2 things happen as a subducting plate sinks back into the earth? Why are convergent volca ...
... How do divergent and convergent boundaries work to keep earth the same size? Describe the 3 types of convergent plate boundaries. Give examples of each. Why does oceanic crust sink below continental crust? What 2 things happen as a subducting plate sinks back into the earth? Why are convergent volca ...
Tectonic hazards human impacts - School
... eruption column Duration of the eruption. • Modern humans have never experienced a VEI 7 or 8 ...
... eruption column Duration of the eruption. • Modern humans have never experienced a VEI 7 or 8 ...
Earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the perceptible shaking of the surface of the Earth, which can be violent enough to destroy major buildings and kill thousands of people. The severity of the shaking can range from barely felt to violent enough to toss people around. Earthquakes have destroyed whole cities. They result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time.Earthquakes are measured using observations from seismometers. The moment magnitude is the most common scale on which earthquakes larger than approximately 5 are reported for the entire globe. The more numerous earthquakes smaller than magnitude 5 reported by national seismological observatories are measured mostly on the local magnitude scale, also referred to as the Richter magnitude scale. These two scales are numerically similar over their range of validity. Magnitude 3 or lower earthquakes are mostly almost imperceptible or weak and magnitude 7 and over potentially cause serious damage over larger areas, depending on their depth. The largest earthquakes in historic times have been of magnitude slightly over 9, although there is no limit to the possible magnitude. The most recent large earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or larger was a 9.0 magnitude earthquake in Japan in 2011 (as of March 2014), and it was the largest Japanese earthquake since records began. Intensity of shaking is measured on the modified Mercalli scale. The shallower an earthquake, the more damage to structures it causes, all else being equal.At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by shaking and sometimes displacement of the ground. When the epicenter of a large earthquake is located offshore, the seabed may be displaced sufficiently to cause a tsunami. Earthquakes can also trigger landslides, and occasionally volcanic activity.In its most general sense, the word earthquake is used to describe any seismic event — whether natural or caused by humans — that generates seismic waves. Earthquakes are caused mostly by rupture of geological faults, but also by other events such as volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear tests. An earthquake's point of initial rupture is called its focus or hypocenter. The epicenter is the point at ground level directly above the hypocenter.