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Physiological effects of shortwave diathermy
... cable, covered by a nylon garment. This type of shortwave diathermy heats tissues that are good electrical conductors, such as blood vessels and muscle. Adipose tissue receives little heating by induction fields because an electrical current is not actually going through the tissues. Induction diath ...
... cable, covered by a nylon garment. This type of shortwave diathermy heats tissues that are good electrical conductors, such as blood vessels and muscle. Adipose tissue receives little heating by induction fields because an electrical current is not actually going through the tissues. Induction diath ...
Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis
... • Precursors: lactate, glycerol, amino acids • 3 key reactions: Pyruvate → PEP Fructose-1,6-P→ Fructose-6-P ...
... • Precursors: lactate, glycerol, amino acids • 3 key reactions: Pyruvate → PEP Fructose-1,6-P→ Fructose-6-P ...
Misregulation of autophagy and protein degradation systems in
... defect in lysosomal GAA enzyme (Raben et al., 2002), Danon disease (or GSD IIb) is caused by the lack of LAMP2 (Nishino et al., 2000), and Xlinked myopathy with excessive autophagy (XMEA) is triggered by mutations in an essential assembly chaperone of the V-ATPase, the main mammalian lysosomal proto ...
... defect in lysosomal GAA enzyme (Raben et al., 2002), Danon disease (or GSD IIb) is caused by the lack of LAMP2 (Nishino et al., 2000), and Xlinked myopathy with excessive autophagy (XMEA) is triggered by mutations in an essential assembly chaperone of the V-ATPase, the main mammalian lysosomal proto ...
Metabolic changes in Diabetes mellitus (DM)
... of autoimmune destruction of beta cells in genetically susceptive individuals ...
... of autoimmune destruction of beta cells in genetically susceptive individuals ...
BTEC-National-in-Sport-and-Exercise-Unit-02-web
... This adjusts blood flow to the capillaries in response to differing demands for oxygen. • For example, during exercise, muscles require increased blood flow for extra oxygen and the diameter of the arterioles leading to muscles dilates. To compensate for this increase in blood demand, other areas of ...
... This adjusts blood flow to the capillaries in response to differing demands for oxygen. • For example, during exercise, muscles require increased blood flow for extra oxygen and the diameter of the arterioles leading to muscles dilates. To compensate for this increase in blood demand, other areas of ...
ALLOMETRIC SCALING IN CENTRARCHID FISH Enzyme Levels in Muscles
... scaling coefficients (Wohlschlag and Juliano 1959), and pumpkinseed sunfish have demonstrated seasonal variation in basal metabolic rate, independent of acclimation temperature (Evans 1984). The wide variation observed in teleost scaling exponents suggests whole animal metabolic rate differs across ...
... scaling coefficients (Wohlschlag and Juliano 1959), and pumpkinseed sunfish have demonstrated seasonal variation in basal metabolic rate, independent of acclimation temperature (Evans 1984). The wide variation observed in teleost scaling exponents suggests whole animal metabolic rate differs across ...
BTEC-National-in-Sport-and-Exercise-Unit-02-web
... This adjusts blood flow to the capillaries in response to differing demands for oxygen. • For example, during exercise, muscles require increased blood flow for extra oxygen and the diameter of the arterioles leading to muscles dilates. To compensate for this increase in blood demand, other areas of ...
... This adjusts blood flow to the capillaries in response to differing demands for oxygen. • For example, during exercise, muscles require increased blood flow for extra oxygen and the diameter of the arterioles leading to muscles dilates. To compensate for this increase in blood demand, other areas of ...
Self-amplifying autocrine actions of BDNF in axon development Pei-Lin Cheng , Ai-Hong Song
... autocrine, paracrine, or target-derived factor, and whether the neuronal action of secreted BDNF is local or global. Previous studies have shown that local application of BDNF to the neurite of cultured hippocampal neurons triggers its differentiation into the axon (4). Here, we show that axon devel ...
... autocrine, paracrine, or target-derived factor, and whether the neuronal action of secreted BDNF is local or global. Previous studies have shown that local application of BDNF to the neurite of cultured hippocampal neurons triggers its differentiation into the axon (4). Here, we show that axon devel ...
Why insulin resistance?
... associated with a 120% increase in first-phase insulin secretion by the 12th to 14th gestational week. The second phase does not seem to be affected, at least in the first weeks of pregnancy. The insulin response after an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) is increased with respect to values ...
... associated with a 120% increase in first-phase insulin secretion by the 12th to 14th gestational week. The second phase does not seem to be affected, at least in the first weeks of pregnancy. The insulin response after an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) is increased with respect to values ...
Spatial restriction of AChR gene expression to
... delta subunit and hGH mRNAs to synaptic sites. Thus, our data indicate that myofiber nuclei that are positioned close to the synaptic site transcribe the endogenous delta subunit gene at a higher rate than nuclei elsewhere in the myofiber. Synaptic activation persists in the absence of the nerve Syn ...
... delta subunit and hGH mRNAs to synaptic sites. Thus, our data indicate that myofiber nuclei that are positioned close to the synaptic site transcribe the endogenous delta subunit gene at a higher rate than nuclei elsewhere in the myofiber. Synaptic activation persists in the absence of the nerve Syn ...
BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE Fatty acids are synthesized by an
... BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE Fatty acids are synthesized by an extramitochondrial system, which is responsible for the complete synthesis of palmitate from acetyl-CoA in the cytosol. In the rat, the pathway is well represented in adipose tissue and liver, whereas in humans adipose tissue may not be an impo ...
... BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE Fatty acids are synthesized by an extramitochondrial system, which is responsible for the complete synthesis of palmitate from acetyl-CoA in the cytosol. In the rat, the pathway is well represented in adipose tissue and liver, whereas in humans adipose tissue may not be an impo ...
Slide 1
... • These enzymes are most effective for short and medium chain fatty acids • Milk, egg yolk and fats containing short chain fatty acids are suitable substrates for its action • Play important role in lipid digestion in neonates ...
... • These enzymes are most effective for short and medium chain fatty acids • Milk, egg yolk and fats containing short chain fatty acids are suitable substrates for its action • Play important role in lipid digestion in neonates ...
Rapid increase of cytosolic content of acetyl-CoA
... The present study was undertaken to test this hypothesis using rat H9c2 embryonic myocytes. We have observed that these cells expressed only ACC-α in the stage of myoblast, but ACC-β was dramatically induced with a concomitant increase of ACC- α level during differentiation into myotubes. ACC activi ...
... The present study was undertaken to test this hypothesis using rat H9c2 embryonic myocytes. We have observed that these cells expressed only ACC-α in the stage of myoblast, but ACC-β was dramatically induced with a concomitant increase of ACC- α level during differentiation into myotubes. ACC activi ...
Inflammation and ER Stress Regulate Branched
... panel of enzymes was profiled in brown fat, muscle, and liver, and expression was found to not be affected and, in the case of liver, was increased (Figure 1D). These results demonstrate the pathway-specific down regulation of the BCAA metabolism enzymes in visceral adipose tissue. Immune cell-deriv ...
... panel of enzymes was profiled in brown fat, muscle, and liver, and expression was found to not be affected and, in the case of liver, was increased (Figure 1D). These results demonstrate the pathway-specific down regulation of the BCAA metabolism enzymes in visceral adipose tissue. Immune cell-deriv ...
review on enhancement of glucose uptake and up
... in 2009, demonstrated that bitter melon not only influences PPARγmediated pathway, which regulates adipocytokine gene expressions and also increases the numbers of GLUT4 at the cell surface, thereby promoting glucose uptake in peripheral tissue such as skeletal muscle, which is responsible for the m ...
... in 2009, demonstrated that bitter melon not only influences PPARγmediated pathway, which regulates adipocytokine gene expressions and also increases the numbers of GLUT4 at the cell surface, thereby promoting glucose uptake in peripheral tissue such as skeletal muscle, which is responsible for the m ...
PDF
... readily identified myotubes were present in both vertebral and limb regions of the explants (Fig. 4A,C). In some sections, especially of more distal wing regions, early stages of tendon formation could be seen (Fig. 4C). From these results it is clear that explants of wing primordia from all four st ...
... readily identified myotubes were present in both vertebral and limb regions of the explants (Fig. 4A,C). In some sections, especially of more distal wing regions, early stages of tendon formation could be seen (Fig. 4C). From these results it is clear that explants of wing primordia from all four st ...
Bioenergetics of Exercise and Training
... Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, edited by T.R. Baechle and R.W. Earle, 2nd edition, page 77, figure 5.2. © by the National Strength and Conditioning Association. Reprinted with permission from Human Kinetics (Champaign, IL). From the National Strength and Conditioning Association, ...
... Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, edited by T.R. Baechle and R.W. Earle, 2nd edition, page 77, figure 5.2. © by the National Strength and Conditioning Association. Reprinted with permission from Human Kinetics (Champaign, IL). From the National Strength and Conditioning Association, ...
Dr Alastair Smith_Pre and Post race Exam
... Clinical examination of the greyhound High temperatures can indicate fever caused by infection or heat stress. A temperature over 40 degrees is serious as it can be an indicator of diseases such as distemper but it can also cause permanent brain damage or even death as the overheated blood circula ...
... Clinical examination of the greyhound High temperatures can indicate fever caused by infection or heat stress. A temperature over 40 degrees is serious as it can be an indicator of diseases such as distemper but it can also cause permanent brain damage or even death as the overheated blood circula ...
Physiologic changes of pregnancy lect 2
... Resistance-Reduced peripheral uptake of glucose for a given dose of insulin ...
... Resistance-Reduced peripheral uptake of glucose for a given dose of insulin ...
Hereditary mitochondrial diseases disorders of mitochondrial fatty
... A3243G mtDNA mutation within the tRNALeu gene Type 1 or type 2 diabetes All carriers develop diabetes or IGT before the age of 70 years: 100% penetrance Progressive, most patients will require insulin Impaired hearing, reflected by a reduced perception of high tone frequencies Mitochondrial function ...
... A3243G mtDNA mutation within the tRNALeu gene Type 1 or type 2 diabetes All carriers develop diabetes or IGT before the age of 70 years: 100% penetrance Progressive, most patients will require insulin Impaired hearing, reflected by a reduced perception of high tone frequencies Mitochondrial function ...
Liver cytokine production and ICAM
... inflammatory responses after extrinsic stresses appear to result from an unbalanced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators to maintain homeostasis. However, there are many instances in which prolonged stress leads to the overproduction of proinflammatory mediators, resulting in cellular, ...
... inflammatory responses after extrinsic stresses appear to result from an unbalanced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators to maintain homeostasis. However, there are many instances in which prolonged stress leads to the overproduction of proinflammatory mediators, resulting in cellular, ...
Concordance of Changes in Metabolic Pathways Based
... G. Charles Ford,2 Yogish C. Kudva,1 Zhifu Sun,3 Yan W. Asmann,3 Jean-Pierre A. Kocher,3 and K. Sreekumaran Nair1,2 ...
... G. Charles Ford,2 Yogish C. Kudva,1 Zhifu Sun,3 Yan W. Asmann,3 Jean-Pierre A. Kocher,3 and K. Sreekumaran Nair1,2 ...
Common Structural Domains in the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca
... We evaluated the binding of Con A to both native TT vesicles and to solubilized TT proteins resolved on Laemmli gels. SR and TT proteins were resolved by SDS PAGE and then transferred to nitrocellulose sheets by electroblotting. After washing with 0.9% NaCI, 0.1% Tween 20 for 60 min at 37°C, the she ...
... We evaluated the binding of Con A to both native TT vesicles and to solubilized TT proteins resolved on Laemmli gels. SR and TT proteins were resolved by SDS PAGE and then transferred to nitrocellulose sheets by electroblotting. After washing with 0.9% NaCI, 0.1% Tween 20 for 60 min at 37°C, the she ...
Role of Dietary Protein in Post-Exercise Muscle Reconditioning
... or rather protein ingestion, directly elevates muscle protein synthesis rates. Following protein digestion and absorption, the rise in plasma essential amino acid (EAA) concentrations (with leucine in particular) stimulates muscle protein synthesis rates. Such a postprandial increase in muscle prote ...
... or rather protein ingestion, directly elevates muscle protein synthesis rates. Following protein digestion and absorption, the rise in plasma essential amino acid (EAA) concentrations (with leucine in particular) stimulates muscle protein synthesis rates. Such a postprandial increase in muscle prote ...