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Anders Eriksson
... physical demands. The use of drugs such as anabolic steroids among athletes is a wellknown phenomenon, and the effects of these drugs on physical performance documented. The studies presented in this thesis focused on the mechanisms of muscle fiber hypertrophy in the vastus lateralis and the trapezi ...
... physical demands. The use of drugs such as anabolic steroids among athletes is a wellknown phenomenon, and the effects of these drugs on physical performance documented. The studies presented in this thesis focused on the mechanisms of muscle fiber hypertrophy in the vastus lateralis and the trapezi ...
Triacylglycerol Metabolism Gone Bad: A major cause of disease
... – Increase synthesis of muscle and liver genes involved in fatty acid uptake and oxidation. ...
... – Increase synthesis of muscle and liver genes involved in fatty acid uptake and oxidation. ...
Figure 18-13
... form two neat grooves (red stars) when calcium binds,. Because these non-polar grooves are generic in shape, calmodulin acts as a versatile regulatory protein and its targets are not required to possess any specific amino acid sequence or structural binding motifs. ...
... form two neat grooves (red stars) when calcium binds,. Because these non-polar grooves are generic in shape, calmodulin acts as a versatile regulatory protein and its targets are not required to possess any specific amino acid sequence or structural binding motifs. ...
biochem 31 [3-20
... 10. How is pyruvate converted to phosphoenolpyruvate? a. Pyruvate is first converted into oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase. Other intermediates of the TCA cycle can also be converted to oxaloacetate, so they enter the cycle here. Oxaloacetate cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane so is conver ...
... 10. How is pyruvate converted to phosphoenolpyruvate? a. Pyruvate is first converted into oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase. Other intermediates of the TCA cycle can also be converted to oxaloacetate, so they enter the cycle here. Oxaloacetate cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane so is conver ...
Susceptibility to oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and
... muscle and fat and decreases insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells 11−13. Increased oxidative stress also underlies the pathophysiology of late diabetic complications directly affecting vascular wall 14. The life time risk to develop impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes is increased among obe ...
... muscle and fat and decreases insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells 11−13. Increased oxidative stress also underlies the pathophysiology of late diabetic complications directly affecting vascular wall 14. The life time risk to develop impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes is increased among obe ...
Chemistry 326 Name_____________________ Fall 2009 Check
... muscle cells do not respond to glucagon, but epinephrine similarly stimulates glycogen breakdown in these cells. The effects of glucagon or epinephrine (“Fight or flight”) are mediated through the protein kinase, which phosphorylates the bifunctional phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-bisphosphatase-2 ( ...
... muscle cells do not respond to glucagon, but epinephrine similarly stimulates glycogen breakdown in these cells. The effects of glucagon or epinephrine (“Fight or flight”) are mediated through the protein kinase, which phosphorylates the bifunctional phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-bisphosphatase-2 ( ...
Insulin and Glucagon
... Decreased secretion of insulin and a marked increase in glucagon secretion prompt the liver to break down glycogen and start gluconeogenesis. These actions provide the glucose required to balance glucose uptake by muscles. One might protest, " but we need insulin to activate glucose uptake by the wo ...
... Decreased secretion of insulin and a marked increase in glucagon secretion prompt the liver to break down glycogen and start gluconeogenesis. These actions provide the glucose required to balance glucose uptake by muscles. One might protest, " but we need insulin to activate glucose uptake by the wo ...
`Sarcomeres` of smooth muscle - Journal of Cell Science
... muscle length and the associated active force In an isotonic contraction (i.e. a contraction under constant load), a muscle will shorten dynamically until the system comes to a static mechanical equilibrium. Shortening stops when the static force generation of the muscle equals that of the applied l ...
... muscle length and the associated active force In an isotonic contraction (i.e. a contraction under constant load), a muscle will shorten dynamically until the system comes to a static mechanical equilibrium. Shortening stops when the static force generation of the muscle equals that of the applied l ...
Which Protein is Best?
... and may help maintain or even promote weight loss without having to count calories. Protein has long been associated with increased satiety, thereby improving weight loss and promoting adherence to difficult, otherwise hunger-inducing diets. While protein may keep you fuller longer, a new study, due t ...
... and may help maintain or even promote weight loss without having to count calories. Protein has long been associated with increased satiety, thereby improving weight loss and promoting adherence to difficult, otherwise hunger-inducing diets. While protein may keep you fuller longer, a new study, due t ...
Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Physiology and Metabolism by
... isoforms of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have become important for the respective treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance associated with metabolic disease. PPAR␦ is the least well characterized of the three PPAR isoforms. Skeletal muscle insulin resistanc ...
... isoforms of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have become important for the respective treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance associated with metabolic disease. PPAR␦ is the least well characterized of the three PPAR isoforms. Skeletal muscle insulin resistanc ...
1-2 (Weigent)
... a. it slows the movement of food through the digestive tract allowing the body to sense what’s there and how well it’s been degraded and how much more can be recovered and so it may serve as a monitor for the movement of the food through the gut iii. overall somatostatin does play a role in the isle ...
... a. it slows the movement of food through the digestive tract allowing the body to sense what’s there and how well it’s been degraded and how much more can be recovered and so it may serve as a monitor for the movement of the food through the gut iii. overall somatostatin does play a role in the isle ...
Lesson 12. Hormones
... to increase the basal metabolic rate, affect protein synthesis, help regulate long bone growth (synergy with growth hormone) and neural maturation, and increase the body’s sensitivity to catecholamines (such as adrenaline). The thyroid hormones are essential to proper development and differentiation ...
... to increase the basal metabolic rate, affect protein synthesis, help regulate long bone growth (synergy with growth hormone) and neural maturation, and increase the body’s sensitivity to catecholamines (such as adrenaline). The thyroid hormones are essential to proper development and differentiation ...
PHYSIOLOGY 1 At what concentration is the transport mechanism
... Decreased Ca2+ will increase PTH which will stimulate the kidney to produce more activated Vit D. 109 In addition to peripheral conversion, DHT is also produced in the? Prostate 110 In what organ is Vitamin D3 produced? The skin. Vit D requires sun exposure (UV light and heat) 111 Is testosterone co ...
... Decreased Ca2+ will increase PTH which will stimulate the kidney to produce more activated Vit D. 109 In addition to peripheral conversion, DHT is also produced in the? Prostate 110 In what organ is Vitamin D3 produced? The skin. Vit D requires sun exposure (UV light and heat) 111 Is testosterone co ...
Physiology MCQs
... the Haldane effect is the fact that oxygenation of the blood increases its ability to carry CO2 ionic dissociation of carbonic acid requires the presence of carbonic acid requires the presence of carbonic anhydrase to be a fast process. an increase in PCO2 in blood shifts the oxygen dissociation cur ...
... the Haldane effect is the fact that oxygenation of the blood increases its ability to carry CO2 ionic dissociation of carbonic acid requires the presence of carbonic acid requires the presence of carbonic anhydrase to be a fast process. an increase in PCO2 in blood shifts the oxygen dissociation cur ...
Complete final sequence of Na V 1.4 from Ambystoma tigrinum
... Some voltage-gated sodium channel genes have evolved resistance to TTX independently of selective pressures of either eating TTX-bearing prey or using TTX as an anti-predator defense [1]. The lamprey heart channel (Nav 1.5) is TTX-resistant suggesting that a TTX-resistant cardiac Nav was present in ...
... Some voltage-gated sodium channel genes have evolved resistance to TTX independently of selective pressures of either eating TTX-bearing prey or using TTX as an anti-predator defense [1]. The lamprey heart channel (Nav 1.5) is TTX-resistant suggesting that a TTX-resistant cardiac Nav was present in ...
mTORC1 and the regulation of skeletal muscle anabolism and mass
... Abstract: The mass and integrity of skeletal muscle is vital to whole-body substrate metabolism and health. Indeed, defects in muscle metabolism and functions underlie or exacerbate diseases like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. Physical activity and nutrition are the 2 most important env ...
... Abstract: The mass and integrity of skeletal muscle is vital to whole-body substrate metabolism and health. Indeed, defects in muscle metabolism and functions underlie or exacerbate diseases like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. Physical activity and nutrition are the 2 most important env ...
Head muscle development - The Company of Biologists
... In the trunk, somitic cells expressing Lbx1 migrate into the periphery as shown for the tongue muscle precursors at HH19 (Dietrich et al., 1998) (Fig. 1B, t). By contrast, the Lbx1 domain seen in the pre-otic head mesenchyme remains in residence at least until HH23 (Fig. 1A-D, arrows). Hence, in the ...
... In the trunk, somitic cells expressing Lbx1 migrate into the periphery as shown for the tongue muscle precursors at HH19 (Dietrich et al., 1998) (Fig. 1B, t). By contrast, the Lbx1 domain seen in the pre-otic head mesenchyme remains in residence at least until HH23 (Fig. 1A-D, arrows). Hence, in the ...
‘APPENDIX 1. United States Patent p] Publication Images
... Muscle contractionand relaxationare fueled by the free 60 becauseof Buid loss. This patent teachesthat creatine,B energy liberated by the dcphosphorylationof adenosine vitamihs,pantothenicacid andcholineareenergyenhancers. Additionally, tbii invention suggeststhe addition of numertriphosphate(ATP). ...
... Muscle contractionand relaxationare fueled by the free 60 becauseof Buid loss. This patent teachesthat creatine,B energy liberated by the dcphosphorylationof adenosine vitamihs,pantothenicacid andcholineareenergyenhancers. Additionally, tbii invention suggeststhe addition of numertriphosphate(ATP). ...
Obese and normal-weight children display a different plasma
... To our knowledge, this is the first study in which 1H-NMR spectroscopy is used as a tool to study childhood obesity. Our findings show that obese children clearly display a different plasma metabolic profile as compared to normal-weight children. Obese children have elevated concentrations of lipids ...
... To our knowledge, this is the first study in which 1H-NMR spectroscopy is used as a tool to study childhood obesity. Our findings show that obese children clearly display a different plasma metabolic profile as compared to normal-weight children. Obese children have elevated concentrations of lipids ...
Regulation of fatty acid oxidation in cells
... Would surface active long-chain acyl-CoA esters interfere with membrane function and synaptic transmission, even though some are necessary for the synthesis of structural lipids? Would any /3oxidation of their component fatty acids be undesirable? Curiously, brain mitochondria contain most of the en ...
... Would surface active long-chain acyl-CoA esters interfere with membrane function and synaptic transmission, even though some are necessary for the synthesis of structural lipids? Would any /3oxidation of their component fatty acids be undesirable? Curiously, brain mitochondria contain most of the en ...
ppt file/carnitine
... d) In starvation in liver no ketone body synthesis (from FA derived acetyl-CoA), so the brain can not gain them instead of glucose. ...
... d) In starvation in liver no ketone body synthesis (from FA derived acetyl-CoA), so the brain can not gain them instead of glucose. ...
King Saud University
... The sum of all proteins and globulins. Most proteins are synthesized in the Liver and released into biological fluids. It measures the sum of circulating proteins: Albumin, Alpha-1, Alpha-2, Beta and Gamma Globulins. Albumin must be measured at the same time to distinguish any increase or decrease i ...
... The sum of all proteins and globulins. Most proteins are synthesized in the Liver and released into biological fluids. It measures the sum of circulating proteins: Albumin, Alpha-1, Alpha-2, Beta and Gamma Globulins. Albumin must be measured at the same time to distinguish any increase or decrease i ...
The Role of the Carnitine System in Human Metabolism
... CPT1 is in the outer membrane of the mitochondria and CPTII is in the inner membrane. Fatty acyl CoA is transferred into triglyceride in the fed state and enters fatty acid β-oxidation in the fasted state or in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. We originally thought that the initiating event was bl ...
... CPT1 is in the outer membrane of the mitochondria and CPTII is in the inner membrane. Fatty acyl CoA is transferred into triglyceride in the fed state and enters fatty acid β-oxidation in the fasted state or in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. We originally thought that the initiating event was bl ...
The malonyl-CoA insensitive fraction of muscle CPT1 is greater in
... Malonyl-CoA sensitivity in homogenates of red and white gastrocnemius. To better evaluate fiber-type dependent differences in malonyl-CoA sensitivity, palmitate oxidation to CO2 was studied in the presence of increasing malonyl-CoA in whole homogenates of red and white gastrocnemius (Figure 3A). In ...
... Malonyl-CoA sensitivity in homogenates of red and white gastrocnemius. To better evaluate fiber-type dependent differences in malonyl-CoA sensitivity, palmitate oxidation to CO2 was studied in the presence of increasing malonyl-CoA in whole homogenates of red and white gastrocnemius (Figure 3A). In ...
Creativity Session
... Increased glycogen synthesis – insulin forces storage of glucose in liver (and muscle) cells in the form of glycogen; lowered levels of insulin cause liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose and excrete it into the blood. This is the clinical action of insulin which is directly useful in reducing ...
... Increased glycogen synthesis – insulin forces storage of glucose in liver (and muscle) cells in the form of glycogen; lowered levels of insulin cause liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose and excrete it into the blood. This is the clinical action of insulin which is directly useful in reducing ...