Basic Biochemistry
... peptide bonds in unique sequence Proteins consist of multiple polypeptides Function relies on proteins recognizing/bonding to other molecules ...
... peptide bonds in unique sequence Proteins consist of multiple polypeptides Function relies on proteins recognizing/bonding to other molecules ...
Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME
... operon, produces high amount of ß-galactosidase. What is a possible genotype of the cells? (I = lac repressor gene; Z, Y, A = lac operon structural genes; P = lac promoter; ...
... operon, produces high amount of ß-galactosidase. What is a possible genotype of the cells? (I = lac repressor gene; Z, Y, A = lac operon structural genes; P = lac promoter; ...
医学分子生物学
... as well as a TATA box or other promoter element. Enhancers may be either upstream or downstream and as far away as 50 kb from the transcription start site. In some cases, promoter-proximal elements occur downstream from the start site as well. (b) Most yeast genes contain only one regulatory region, ...
... as well as a TATA box or other promoter element. Enhancers may be either upstream or downstream and as far away as 50 kb from the transcription start site. In some cases, promoter-proximal elements occur downstream from the start site as well. (b) Most yeast genes contain only one regulatory region, ...
First week lectures
... information (in particular) must be protected exceptionally well. • Instead of one molecule that does it all we now have two: DNA (information) Proteins (operations). RNA is kept in the middle probably for historical reasons and additional safety nets. ...
... information (in particular) must be protected exceptionally well. • Instead of one molecule that does it all we now have two: DNA (information) Proteins (operations). RNA is kept in the middle probably for historical reasons and additional safety nets. ...
Document
... A.) Can be induced by drugs that reactivate genes. B.) May contribute to gene inactivation. C.) Produces the promoter regions that specifically bind RNA Polymerase. D.) Makes satellite DNA as a different density so it can be separated by ultracentrifugation. E.) May be related to the transformation ...
... A.) Can be induced by drugs that reactivate genes. B.) May contribute to gene inactivation. C.) Produces the promoter regions that specifically bind RNA Polymerase. D.) Makes satellite DNA as a different density so it can be separated by ultracentrifugation. E.) May be related to the transformation ...
which came first- the chicken (dna ) or the egg (rna)?
... winning biochemist states in the American Scientist, "with considerably more foresight and technical support than the prebiotic world could have enjoyed- an RNA molecule capable of catalyzing RNA replication have failed so far" (1995, emphasis mine). To even further compound the problem we see that ...
... winning biochemist states in the American Scientist, "with considerably more foresight and technical support than the prebiotic world could have enjoyed- an RNA molecule capable of catalyzing RNA replication have failed so far" (1995, emphasis mine). To even further compound the problem we see that ...
Chapter 17
... The 5’ end of mRNA (5’cap) attracts the small ribosomal subunit. Attachment. A molecule of tRNA, with the complementary anticodon: UAC hydrogen bonds to the mRNA start codon: AUG. The 1st amino acid on the tRNA is methionine The large sub-unit of the ribosome attaches forming a complete ribosome wit ...
... The 5’ end of mRNA (5’cap) attracts the small ribosomal subunit. Attachment. A molecule of tRNA, with the complementary anticodon: UAC hydrogen bonds to the mRNA start codon: AUG. The 1st amino acid on the tRNA is methionine The large sub-unit of the ribosome attaches forming a complete ribosome wit ...
DNA Structure Worksheet
... comprised of ___________ rings. 7. The two bases that are pyrimidines _____________________ and ________________________. These bases are comprised of ___________ rings. 8. Based on this information, scientist could predict that the base _______________________ pairs with _______________________ and ...
... comprised of ___________ rings. 7. The two bases that are pyrimidines _____________________ and ________________________. These bases are comprised of ___________ rings. 8. Based on this information, scientist could predict that the base _______________________ pairs with _______________________ and ...
1 Genetics (BIL-250) Review Questions #1 (2
... (4-2) Discuss problems and limitations of the “One gene – one enzyme hypothesis” and how it can be better formulated. (4-3) Explain one example of how mutations in either the α- or β-hemoglobins can produce an altered phenotype that may be adaptive to a particular geographic region. (5-1) Distingui ...
... (4-2) Discuss problems and limitations of the “One gene – one enzyme hypothesis” and how it can be better formulated. (4-3) Explain one example of how mutations in either the α- or β-hemoglobins can produce an altered phenotype that may be adaptive to a particular geographic region. (5-1) Distingui ...
Controlling the Code: molecules at work
... then that the repressor is released from the operator and no longer blocks the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter. This allows transcription to begin. ...
... then that the repressor is released from the operator and no longer blocks the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter. This allows transcription to begin. ...
Practice using the RNA codon * amino acid Codon Chart*
... INTRODUCTION: Protein synthesis is the process used by the body to make proteins. The first step of protein synthesis is called Transcription. It occurs in the nucleus. During transcription, mRNA transcribes (copies) DNA. DNA is “unzipped” and the mRNA strand copies a strand of DNA (base pairing exc ...
... INTRODUCTION: Protein synthesis is the process used by the body to make proteins. The first step of protein synthesis is called Transcription. It occurs in the nucleus. During transcription, mRNA transcribes (copies) DNA. DNA is “unzipped” and the mRNA strand copies a strand of DNA (base pairing exc ...
Chapter 4A
... DNA Supercoiling Processes such as replication that unwind double-helical DNA introduce torsional stress that results in supercoiling. This is most evident in circular DNA molecules such as bacterial plasmids and some viruses (Fig. 4.8a), but occurs in linear eukaryotic chromosomes as well. Replica ...
... DNA Supercoiling Processes such as replication that unwind double-helical DNA introduce torsional stress that results in supercoiling. This is most evident in circular DNA molecules such as bacterial plasmids and some viruses (Fig. 4.8a), but occurs in linear eukaryotic chromosomes as well. Replica ...
Gene Regulation III Reminder
... • alteration of DNA association with histones • necessary for gene transcription ...
... • alteration of DNA association with histones • necessary for gene transcription ...
How Proteins are Made - MDC Faculty Web Pages
... – The operator can bind a repressor (protein from the i gene; only role is to regulate transcription of another gene) and prevent DNA polymerase from binding the promoter. – If the repressor binds lactose, it will not bind the operator, so ...
... – The operator can bind a repressor (protein from the i gene; only role is to regulate transcription of another gene) and prevent DNA polymerase from binding the promoter. – If the repressor binds lactose, it will not bind the operator, so ...
bio12_sm_07_2
... prokaryotic transcription it does not. 6. DNA Replication and Transcription DNA replication Both DNA transcription - produces 2 semi-create new -produces a conserved double complementary nucleic single strand of stranded DNA molecules acid strands mRNA -uses DNA polymerase -read DNA code -use RNA po ...
... prokaryotic transcription it does not. 6. DNA Replication and Transcription DNA replication Both DNA transcription - produces 2 semi-create new -produces a conserved double complementary nucleic single strand of stranded DNA molecules acid strands mRNA -uses DNA polymerase -read DNA code -use RNA po ...
INS Biology Name: Winter Quarter Midterm
... d. Although there are more nitrogens in a nucleotide, labeled phosphates actually have 16 extra neutrons; therefore, they are more radioactive. e. Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have nitrogen atoms; thus, the radioactivity would not distinguish between DNA and proteins. 2. Which of the followi ...
... d. Although there are more nitrogens in a nucleotide, labeled phosphates actually have 16 extra neutrons; therefore, they are more radioactive. e. Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have nitrogen atoms; thus, the radioactivity would not distinguish between DNA and proteins. 2. Which of the followi ...
Biomolecule Review
... 4. Describe the macromolecule (biomolecule) Carbohydrate molecular structure formation. 5. Describe the macromolecule (biomolecule) Lipid molecular structure formation. 6. List the following from smallest to largest? a. Macromolecules, atoms, cells, organelles, molecules 7. List the 3 elements that ...
... 4. Describe the macromolecule (biomolecule) Carbohydrate molecular structure formation. 5. Describe the macromolecule (biomolecule) Lipid molecular structure formation. 6. List the following from smallest to largest? a. Macromolecules, atoms, cells, organelles, molecules 7. List the 3 elements that ...
chapter14
... Termination F Steps d and e are repeated over and over until the ribosome encounters a stop codon in the mRNA. The mRNA transcript and the new polypeptide chain are released from the ribosome. The two ribosomal subunits separate from each other. Translation is now complete. Either the chain will jo ...
... Termination F Steps d and e are repeated over and over until the ribosome encounters a stop codon in the mRNA. The mRNA transcript and the new polypeptide chain are released from the ribosome. The two ribosomal subunits separate from each other. Translation is now complete. Either the chain will jo ...
*J5JT*_§JJU: ~$f4~*
... 38. If you were to observe the activity of methylated DNA, you would expect it to A) be very actively transcribed and translated. B) have turned off or slowed down the process of transcription. C) be unwinding in preparation for protein synthesis. D) be replicating nearly continuously. ...
... 38. If you were to observe the activity of methylated DNA, you would expect it to A) be very actively transcribed and translated. B) have turned off or slowed down the process of transcription. C) be unwinding in preparation for protein synthesis. D) be replicating nearly continuously. ...
TIP Translation - dna
... ____ 5. The mRNA strand complementary to the DNA sequence TAGTCA is a. ATCAGT. c. GTAGAT. b. AUGAGU. d. AUCAGU. ____ 6. Nitrogenous bases are held to the sides of the DNA ladder by a. helix bonds. c. hydrogen bonds. b. covalent bonds. d. ionic bonds. ____ 7. The first step in making a protein is a. ...
... ____ 5. The mRNA strand complementary to the DNA sequence TAGTCA is a. ATCAGT. c. GTAGAT. b. AUGAGU. d. AUCAGU. ____ 6. Nitrogenous bases are held to the sides of the DNA ladder by a. helix bonds. c. hydrogen bonds. b. covalent bonds. d. ionic bonds. ____ 7. The first step in making a protein is a. ...
During DNA replication, which of the following segments would be
... Transcription of the DNA sequence below: AAGCTGGGA would most directly result in which of the following? A a sequence of three amino acids, linked by ...
... Transcription of the DNA sequence below: AAGCTGGGA would most directly result in which of the following? A a sequence of three amino acids, linked by ...
Section 4-2C
... 12. List two examples of things proteins help determine about you. a. ___________________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________________ ...
... 12. List two examples of things proteins help determine about you. a. ___________________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________________ ...
Transcription AND Translation
... tRNA’s anticodon joins with mRNA’s codon in the A site, bringing an amino acid with it. – Peptide bond formation takes place: the polypeptide connects to the amino acid in the A site of the tRNA molecule and the ribosome acts as a catalyst for the formation of the bond. – Translocation takes place: ...
... tRNA’s anticodon joins with mRNA’s codon in the A site, bringing an amino acid with it. – Peptide bond formation takes place: the polypeptide connects to the amino acid in the A site of the tRNA molecule and the ribosome acts as a catalyst for the formation of the bond. – Translocation takes place: ...
USMLE Step 1 Web Prep — Transcription and RNA Processing: Part
... in RNA) sequence that is also necessary for splicing (splice donor site). Capping (choice A) occurs almost immediately after synthesis of the first 30 nucleotides or so. The triphosphate of GTP condenses with the available 5’ diphosphate on the growing RNA chain to form a cap recognized during prote ...
... in RNA) sequence that is also necessary for splicing (splice donor site). Capping (choice A) occurs almost immediately after synthesis of the first 30 nucleotides or so. The triphosphate of GTP condenses with the available 5’ diphosphate on the growing RNA chain to form a cap recognized during prote ...
Protein Synthesis Assign
... Objective: Students explore the process of protein synthesis and demonstrate an understanding of the various steps involved through the completion of one of the following activities. Introduction Protein synthesis is an essential process that occurs constantly within our cells. As you sit reading th ...
... Objective: Students explore the process of protein synthesis and demonstrate an understanding of the various steps involved through the completion of one of the following activities. Introduction Protein synthesis is an essential process that occurs constantly within our cells. As you sit reading th ...
Nucleic acid tertiary structure
The tertiary structure of a nucleic acid is its precise three-dimensional structure, as defined by the atomic coordinates. RNA and DNA molecules are capable of diverse functions ranging from molecular recognition to catalysis. Such functions require a precise three-dimensional tertiary structure. While such structures are diverse and seemingly complex, they are composed of recurring, easily recognizable tertiary structure motifs that serve as molecular building blocks. Some of the most common motifs for RNA and DNA tertiary structure are described below, but this information is based on a limited number of solved structures. Many more tertiary structural motifs will be revealed as new RNA and DNA molecules are structurally characterized.