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Objectives - John Burroughs School
Objectives - John Burroughs School

... a. Describe the role of THREE of the following in the regulation of protein synthesis: o RNA splicing o repressor proteins o methylation o siRNA b. Information flow can be altered by mutation. Describe THREE different types of mutations and their effect on protein synthesis. c. Identify TWO environm ...
AP Review
AP Review

... DNA polymerase adds nucleotides only to the free 3’ end of a growing DNA strand. A new DNA strand can elongate only in the 5’  3’ direction. - leading strand: DNA strand made by this mechanism; works toward the ...
DNA replication - U of L Class Index
DNA replication - U of L Class Index

... Observation: the mutant strain duplicated its DNA and reproduced itself but cells are highly deficient in DNA repair (UV-sensitive). Conclusions: 1. At least one more enzyme is able to replicate E. coli DNA. 2. DNA polymerase I may serve a secondary (at least for replication) function which is assoc ...
Horizontal Gene transfer
Horizontal Gene transfer

... Genetic distance is determined by comparing their times of entry during an interrupted mating experiment ...
Practice MC Exam - Waterford Union High School
Practice MC Exam - Waterford Union High School

... Copyright 2012 by Craig Kohn, Agricultural Sciences, Waterford WI. This source may be freely used and distributed provided the author is cited. ...
DNA & Protein Synthesis
DNA & Protein Synthesis

... • For years the source of heredity was unknown. This was resolved after numerous studies and experimental research by the following researchers: • Fredrick Griffith – He was studying effects of 2 strains of an infectious bacteria, the "smooth" strain was found to cause pneumonia & death in mice. The ...
Chapter 13: Genetic Technology
Chapter 13: Genetic Technology

...  PKU test is given at birth  Infants are given diets low in phenylalanine until their brains are fully developed ...
Mutations Activity
Mutations Activity

... Introduction: DNA is genetic material made of nucleotides. Last unit we saw how proteins were created through transcription (DNAmRNA) and translation (mRNAlinked amino acids). However, in this unit we want to see how those processes can “go wrong” and create mutations. In this activity you will in ...
DNA and Mitosis - Birmingham City Schools
DNA and Mitosis - Birmingham City Schools

... and un-replicated chromosomes. • I will be able to demonstrate the events and cellular processes involved in each stage of ...
Gene%20Sequencing[2]
Gene%20Sequencing[2]

Mutations Worksheet
Mutations Worksheet

... 6. In order to reduce the number of mutations drastically organisms have enzymes that proofread new strands of DNA and RNA and fix mutations. Mutation rates vary depending on species from mutation rates as low as 1 mistake per 100 million to 1 billion nucleotides, mostly in bacteria, and as high as ...
Designing Molecular Machines·
Designing Molecular Machines·

... appear rarely. The larger the word, the rarer it's going to be. It's a simple mathematical exercise, really. There are 64--4 x 4 x 4, or 4 3-possible three-letter words we can make with a four-letter alphabet. In the three billion letters of the genome, each one of those 64 words should appear about ...
Changes in DNA
Changes in DNA

DNA Structure, Function and Replication – Teacher Notes
DNA Structure, Function and Replication – Teacher Notes

... DNA. DNA polymerase can “proofread” each new double helix DNA strand for mistakes and backtrack to fix any mistakes it finds. To fix a mistake, DNA polymerase removes the incorrectly paired nucleotide and replaces it with the correct one. If a mistake is made and not found, the mistake can become pe ...
•How? . . . _____ - Model High School
•How? . . . _____ - Model High School

... DNA polymerase (an 2) Base pairing: __________________ enzyme) runs along the parent chain of DNA in the 3’-5’ direction and bonds free floating nucleotides to the parent (original) chain - - based on base pairing rules. ...
Changes in DNA
Changes in DNA

... egg or sperm cells divide resulting in too many or too few chromosomes. ...
15 points each
15 points each

... Which of the following would not be found in a RNA nucleotide? ...
lizcar~1
lizcar~1

... taken more then 6 yr ...
2/14 - Utexas
2/14 - Utexas

... mitochondria and chloroplasts from freeliving bacteria to cellular organelles CB 26.13 ...
DNA`s repair kit, packaged in the nucleus, includes
DNA`s repair kit, packaged in the nucleus, includes

... another. (Chromosomes invented recombinant DNA well before scientists did.) Not infrequently, gaps appear in a just-replicated DNA strand—perhaps opposite damaged areas that have been passed over. Fortunately there are usually extra copies of DNA molecules, or pieces of them, in the immediate vicini ...
31.8 res high NS
31.8 res high NS

... overall spectrum matched well with cosmic-ray theory. ...
Topic 7.1 Replication and DNA Structure
Topic 7.1 Replication and DNA Structure

... Essential Idea: The structure of DNA is ideally suited to its function. DNA is a double helix, consisting of two anti-parallel chains of polynucleotides that are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases on the different strands. This structure allows the double helix to be replica ...
Selective propagation of the clones
Selective propagation of the clones

...  It has been modified to carry a gene for β-galactosidase (lacZ) as a way to screen for recombinants.  The replicative form is duplex, allowing one to cleave with restriction enzymes and insert foreign DNA. ...
draft key
draft key

... B. If you remove the labeled thymidine after S phase, and then let the cells go through another S phase in the labeled thymidine how would it be distributed now at the following mitotic metaphase? The radioactive label would appear in ______c______ (Insert the best answer from the choices above.) 12 ...
Posted 1/25/07 Mary Case
Posted 1/25/07 Mary Case

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DNA damage theory of aging

The DNA damage theory of aging proposes that aging is a consequence of unrepaired accumulation of naturally occurring DNA damages. Damage in this context is a DNA alteration that has an abnormal structure. Although both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage can contribute to aging, nuclear DNA is the main subject of this analysis. Nuclear DNA damage can contribute to aging either indirectly (by increasing apoptosis or cellular senescence) or directly (by increasing cell dysfunction).In humans and other mammals, DNA damage occurs frequently and DNA repair processes have evolved to compensate. In estimates made for mice, on average approximately 1,500 to 7,000 DNA lesions occur per hour in each mouse cell, or about 36,000 to 160,000 per cell per day. In any cell some DNA damage may remain despite the action of repair processes. The accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage is more prevalent in certain types of cells, particularly in non-replicating or slowly replicating cells, such as cells in the brain, skeletal and cardiac muscle.
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