The role of weak selection and high mutation rates in nearly neutral
... of ‘effectively equal’ depends on the population size and the details of mutations. The observed neutral genetic evolution in extremely large clonal populations can only be explained under current models if selection is completely absent. Such models typically consider the case where population dyna ...
... of ‘effectively equal’ depends on the population size and the details of mutations. The observed neutral genetic evolution in extremely large clonal populations can only be explained under current models if selection is completely absent. Such models typically consider the case where population dyna ...
EvoDevo and niche construction: building bridges
... phenotypes, and extended phenotypes play the same role in evolutionary biology as ordinary phenotypes: affecting the replication of alleles responsible for those phenotypic effects (Dawkins, 2004). This stance attributes all causal significance associated with niche-constructing activity to genes or ...
... phenotypes, and extended phenotypes play the same role in evolutionary biology as ordinary phenotypes: affecting the replication of alleles responsible for those phenotypic effects (Dawkins, 2004). This stance attributes all causal significance associated with niche-constructing activity to genes or ...
Evolutionary Psychology 101
... of controversy, this approach to psychology may be seen as having more potential than any other area of the behavioral sciences to help us understand who we really are. The basic claims of evolutionary psychologists are, in fact, modest when one considers that they are rooted in the highly accepted ...
... of controversy, this approach to psychology may be seen as having more potential than any other area of the behavioral sciences to help us understand who we really are. The basic claims of evolutionary psychologists are, in fact, modest when one considers that they are rooted in the highly accepted ...
Excretory system - Faculty Support Site
... Freshwater insects tend to lose salts to the environment because of their highly permeable cuticle. K, Na, and chloride are reabsorbed in the rectum but water is not. Ways to recoup salts in freshwater larvae 1. Special chloride cells in some aquatic larvae 2. Rectal gills in dragonfly naiads ...
... Freshwater insects tend to lose salts to the environment because of their highly permeable cuticle. K, Na, and chloride are reabsorbed in the rectum but water is not. Ways to recoup salts in freshwater larvae 1. Special chloride cells in some aquatic larvae 2. Rectal gills in dragonfly naiads ...
Microgeographic adaptation and the spatial scale of evolution
... Ehrlich and Raven [15] cited Selander’s work as evidence for widespread fine-scaled differentiation in nature in their classic paper arguing that the local population was the most important evolutionary unit. Since then, evolutionary biologists have used the term ‘microgeographic adaptation’ to desc ...
... Ehrlich and Raven [15] cited Selander’s work as evidence for widespread fine-scaled differentiation in nature in their classic paper arguing that the local population was the most important evolutionary unit. Since then, evolutionary biologists have used the term ‘microgeographic adaptation’ to desc ...
Microgeographic adaptation and the spatial scale of evolution
... Ehrlich and Raven [15] cited Selander’s work as evidence for widespread fine-scaled differentiation in nature in their classic paper arguing that the local population was the most important evolutionary unit. Since then, evolutionary biologists have used the term ‘microgeographic adaptation’ to desc ...
... Ehrlich and Raven [15] cited Selander’s work as evidence for widespread fine-scaled differentiation in nature in their classic paper arguing that the local population was the most important evolutionary unit. Since then, evolutionary biologists have used the term ‘microgeographic adaptation’ to desc ...
p - Bonnabel Home Page
... 15.12 Evolutionary novelties may arise in several y ways In the evolution of an eye or any other complex structure behavior, structure, behavior or biochemical pathway pathway, each step must bring a selective advantage to the organism possessing it and must increase the organism’s i ’ fitness fi ...
... 15.12 Evolutionary novelties may arise in several y ways In the evolution of an eye or any other complex structure behavior, structure, behavior or biochemical pathway pathway, each step must bring a selective advantage to the organism possessing it and must increase the organism’s i ’ fitness fi ...
Platyhelminthes
... Muscle cells controlled by the nervous system allow them to twist and turn so that they can react quickly to environmental stimuli. ...
... Muscle cells controlled by the nervous system allow them to twist and turn so that they can react quickly to environmental stimuli. ...
- Philsci
... Waddington thought that the imagery of the landscape helped clarify some of the most puzzling features of development. One is that there are only a few different kinds of tissue types. They are discrete and stable and yet they develop from the same undifferentiated, homogeneous precursors. This phen ...
... Waddington thought that the imagery of the landscape helped clarify some of the most puzzling features of development. One is that there are only a few different kinds of tissue types. They are discrete and stable and yet they develop from the same undifferentiated, homogeneous precursors. This phen ...
The Promise of Probiotics
... mune system, the microbial imbalance in our gut can affect other systems in our body, in cluding our hormonal system. As you may know, the digestive system plays an important role in the proper disposal of estrogens from the body. When the flora in our intestines is disturbed, estro ...
... mune system, the microbial imbalance in our gut can affect other systems in our body, in cluding our hormonal system. As you may know, the digestive system plays an important role in the proper disposal of estrogens from the body. When the flora in our intestines is disturbed, estro ...
Human Systems and Homeostasis
... because specific genes in each cell are turned on and off in a complex, regusupporting detail lated pattern. The different structures of these specialized cells, such as those shown in FIGURE 1.2, allow them to perform specific functions within the body. The specialization enabled by differentiati ...
... because specific genes in each cell are turned on and off in a complex, regusupporting detail lated pattern. The different structures of these specialized cells, such as those shown in FIGURE 1.2, allow them to perform specific functions within the body. The specialization enabled by differentiati ...
Sample Test Questions - Washington Educator Skills Tests
... answer key provides the correct response for each question and lists the objective within the test framework to which each question is linked. When you are finished with the sample questions, you may wish to review the test objectives and descriptive statements provided in the test framework for thi ...
... answer key provides the correct response for each question and lists the objective within the test framework to which each question is linked. When you are finished with the sample questions, you may wish to review the test objectives and descriptive statements provided in the test framework for thi ...
Tissues - Sinoe Medical Association
... The basal lamina is present at the basal surface of all epithelial cell layers and forms a limiting barrier between connective and epithelial tissues. Also plays a role in regulating the passage of macromolecules between connective tissues and the lumen of epithelial bound cavities. The basal lamina ...
... The basal lamina is present at the basal surface of all epithelial cell layers and forms a limiting barrier between connective and epithelial tissues. Also plays a role in regulating the passage of macromolecules between connective tissues and the lumen of epithelial bound cavities. The basal lamina ...
Cells and Kingdoms
... How are cells organized? For unicellular organisms, organization is simple. The organism has only one cell that performs all life functions. Multicellular organisms are more specialized. Your own body contains many different cell types that have specific functions. Muscle cells, for example, specia ...
... How are cells organized? For unicellular organisms, organization is simple. The organism has only one cell that performs all life functions. Multicellular organisms are more specialized. Your own body contains many different cell types that have specific functions. Muscle cells, for example, specia ...
Adaptive Approaches Towards Better GA Performance in Dynamic
... In almost all simulations using GAs with populations of neural networks the fitness formula is fixed and decided by the researcher. Yet, the fitness formula should be let free to evolve as any other trait of the organisms without any necessary control from the researcher, since a moment of reflecti ...
... In almost all simulations using GAs with populations of neural networks the fitness formula is fixed and decided by the researcher. Yet, the fitness formula should be let free to evolve as any other trait of the organisms without any necessary control from the researcher, since a moment of reflecti ...
Chasing Shadows: Natural Selection and Adaptation
... Darwin himself thought along these lines (see Schweber, 1985; Depew and Weber, 1995). But this much is certain: the modern-synthesis theory of evolution which followed was developed expressly along the ‘population thinking’ model. It is conceived explicitly on the model of statistical dynamics (Fish ...
... Darwin himself thought along these lines (see Schweber, 1985; Depew and Weber, 1995). But this much is certain: the modern-synthesis theory of evolution which followed was developed expressly along the ‘population thinking’ model. It is conceived explicitly on the model of statistical dynamics (Fish ...
File - Mizzou Pre
... nuclear pores for transport (mRNA, ribosome subunits, dNTPs, proteins like RNA polymerase + histones, etc) in/out. Note there is no “cytoplasm” in nucleus, there’s a nucleoplasm instead. - Nuclear Lamina: dense fibrillar network inside nucleus of eukaryotic cells (Intermediate filaments + membrane a ...
... nuclear pores for transport (mRNA, ribosome subunits, dNTPs, proteins like RNA polymerase + histones, etc) in/out. Note there is no “cytoplasm” in nucleus, there’s a nucleoplasm instead. - Nuclear Lamina: dense fibrillar network inside nucleus of eukaryotic cells (Intermediate filaments + membrane a ...
Evolutionary rescue by beneficial mutations in
... is large), the fixation probability is close to what is predicted by the mutation’s initial fitness: p 2s0. On the other hand, when the change is fast, the probability is close to what is ...
... is large), the fixation probability is close to what is predicted by the mutation’s initial fitness: p 2s0. On the other hand, when the change is fast, the probability is close to what is ...
Evolutionary rescue by beneficial mutations in environments that
... is large), the fixation probability is close to what is predicted by the mutation’s initial fitness: p 2s0. On the other hand, when the change is fast, the probability is close to what is ...
... is large), the fixation probability is close to what is predicted by the mutation’s initial fitness: p 2s0. On the other hand, when the change is fast, the probability is close to what is ...
2019 Specimen Mark Scheme Paper 3
... ref to advantages of division of labour between organs / specialised cells ref to the greater potential of division of labour / specialisation discussion with respect to evolution evolutionary dogma is that fitness to survive increases with natural selection therefore most recently evolved life form ...
... ref to advantages of division of labour between organs / specialised cells ref to the greater potential of division of labour / specialisation discussion with respect to evolution evolutionary dogma is that fitness to survive increases with natural selection therefore most recently evolved life form ...
B1 High Demand Application style questions
... The bacterium with the plasmid containing the insulin gene multiplies by cell division to form a clone of bacteria. Will all the bacteria in this clone be able to produce insulin? Explain your answer. ...
... The bacterium with the plasmid containing the insulin gene multiplies by cell division to form a clone of bacteria. Will all the bacteria in this clone be able to produce insulin? Explain your answer. ...
Worksheet 1: Foundations—crossword
... convert ammonia to less toxic urea or uric acid. Urea is soluble in water and is removed in urine. Uric acid is produced by animals such as birds and insects; it requires even greater energy expenditure but because it is removed in semi-solid form it has the advantage of reducing water loss. ...
... convert ammonia to less toxic urea or uric acid. Urea is soluble in water and is removed in urine. Uric acid is produced by animals such as birds and insects; it requires even greater energy expenditure but because it is removed in semi-solid form it has the advantage of reducing water loss. ...
Evolutionary Game Theory First published Mon Jan 14, 2002
... evolutionarily stable strategy as the principal tool of analysis. The second approach constructs an explicit model of the process by which the frequency of strategies change in the population and studies properties of the evolutionary dynamics within that model. As an example of the first approach, ...
... evolutionarily stable strategy as the principal tool of analysis. The second approach constructs an explicit model of the process by which the frequency of strategies change in the population and studies properties of the evolutionary dynamics within that model. As an example of the first approach, ...