PDF
... price changes more than doubles in the 20 years between 2010 and 2030. High per capita GDP growth leads to strong income increase while technological progress suppresses the price increase or even leads to price decrease in the agri-food sector. 6. Impact of intervention measures on land related com ...
... price changes more than doubles in the 20 years between 2010 and 2030. High per capita GDP growth leads to strong income increase while technological progress suppresses the price increase or even leads to price decrease in the agri-food sector. 6. Impact of intervention measures on land related com ...
The Relative Efficacy of Monetary and Fiscal Policy in Saudi Arabia
... The results indicate that there is some improvement in the specification by including private investment as part of induced expenditures. Obviously, this finding confirms official concern over possible declines in private investment brought about by capital outflows to Bahrain and other internationa ...
... The results indicate that there is some improvement in the specification by including private investment as part of induced expenditures. Obviously, this finding confirms official concern over possible declines in private investment brought about by capital outflows to Bahrain and other internationa ...
Setting the scene
... Training with economic reality and demand Effective functioning of SETAs & Provincial Skills Development ...
... Training with economic reality and demand Effective functioning of SETAs & Provincial Skills Development ...
Estimate of Potential Gross Domestic Product Using the Production
... The basic outcome of this research is estimated elasticity of GDP with reference to labour and capital. The difference between the estimated models is the result of the assumed technological development over time and restriction of parameters. Under both models, labour elasticity of approximately 0. ...
... The basic outcome of this research is estimated elasticity of GDP with reference to labour and capital. The difference between the estimated models is the result of the assumed technological development over time and restriction of parameters. Under both models, labour elasticity of approximately 0. ...
Intro to Macro
... dominates for low wage rates. The most likely case would be for the supply curve to bend backwards at high wage rates. High wage rate professions tend to involve more "workaholic" type individuals, who would not supply less labor as w increases. Furthermore, there are institutional constraints on th ...
... dominates for low wage rates. The most likely case would be for the supply curve to bend backwards at high wage rates. High wage rate professions tend to involve more "workaholic" type individuals, who would not supply less labor as w increases. Furthermore, there are institutional constraints on th ...
What Can Labor Productivity Tell Us About the U.S. Economy?
... revenue. As labor productivity grows, it may be possible for all of these to increase simultaneously, without gains in one coming at the cost of one of the others.4 It is evident from the reported estimates of productivity growth that the U.S. economy’s ability to produce a greater number goods and ...
... revenue. As labor productivity grows, it may be possible for all of these to increase simultaneously, without gains in one coming at the cost of one of the others.4 It is evident from the reported estimates of productivity growth that the U.S. economy’s ability to produce a greater number goods and ...
中国生产法GDP、支出法GDP、投入产出表之间的内在联系
... in I-O table, rather than I-O survey or I-O table serves GDP estimation and creates certain control data for GDP estimation. ...
... in I-O table, rather than I-O survey or I-O table serves GDP estimation and creates certain control data for GDP estimation. ...
The Natural Resource Curse, Fiscal Decentralization, and
... Germany, Canada, Malaysia, Russia, India, and United Arab Emirates; all of them show similar negative relationships, implying that at regional levels resources indeed locate in non-agglomerated areas. Population density is a narrower concept than agglomeration, although the two variables are ...
... Germany, Canada, Malaysia, Russia, India, and United Arab Emirates; all of them show similar negative relationships, implying that at regional levels resources indeed locate in non-agglomerated areas. Population density is a narrower concept than agglomeration, although the two variables are ...
Output Loss from the Banking Crisis in Cyprus† 1. Introduction
... both the level and growth rate of real GDP methods (Angkinand 2008; Bordo et al. 2001; Boyd et al. 2005; IMF 1998), described as follows. • When the growth rate is used, output loss is measured by the sum of the differences between actual and potential GDP growth over the crisis period, with the end ...
... both the level and growth rate of real GDP methods (Angkinand 2008; Bordo et al. 2001; Boyd et al. 2005; IMF 1998), described as follows. • When the growth rate is used, output loss is measured by the sum of the differences between actual and potential GDP growth over the crisis period, with the end ...
Demographics and Real Interest Rates
... 64 years old (Figure 3). The consequences of this demographic transition are far reaching and have important macroeconomic, public finance, and political economy repercussions.1 In this paper, we focus on the consequences of the demographic transition for real interest rates. We illustrate three cha ...
... 64 years old (Figure 3). The consequences of this demographic transition are far reaching and have important macroeconomic, public finance, and political economy repercussions.1 In this paper, we focus on the consequences of the demographic transition for real interest rates. We illustrate three cha ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ACCCUMULATION MODEL: A SIMULATION APPROACH David Lipton
... aspects of the adjustment problems that we treat. Obstfeld [14] presents a model of infinitely lived, optimizing households, such as ours, but he does not treat at all the issues of investment and growth. ...
... aspects of the adjustment problems that we treat. Obstfeld [14] presents a model of infinitely lived, optimizing households, such as ours, but he does not treat at all the issues of investment and growth. ...
UK Economic Performance Since 1997: Growth, Productivity and Jobs
... The UK‟s strong productivity performance relative to other countries was a continuation of the trends during the period of Conservative government from 1979. This broke a pattern of relative economic decline stretching back a century or more. UK GDP per person fell relative to the US, Germany and Fr ...
... The UK‟s strong productivity performance relative to other countries was a continuation of the trends during the period of Conservative government from 1979. This broke a pattern of relative economic decline stretching back a century or more. UK GDP per person fell relative to the US, Germany and Fr ...
Creating an Environment for Growth and Prosperity (15th ed.)
... methods is a driving force of economic growth. • Technological improvement is scientific discovery while innovation is its practical application and dissemination. • Each of these play a role in the development of improved products and better ways of doing things. • Schumpeter referred to this proce ...
... methods is a driving force of economic growth. • Technological improvement is scientific discovery while innovation is its practical application and dissemination. • Each of these play a role in the development of improved products and better ways of doing things. • Schumpeter referred to this proce ...
PDF Download
... A precise and reliable decomposition of the observed time series of real GDP in its trend and cycle components is a crucial task in applied business cycle research and a prerequisite for rational decisions in monetary and fiscal policy. The most popular approach to tackle this problem is the applica ...
... A precise and reliable decomposition of the observed time series of real GDP in its trend and cycle components is a crucial task in applied business cycle research and a prerequisite for rational decisions in monetary and fiscal policy. The most popular approach to tackle this problem is the applica ...
waikato means business: an economic development strategy for the
... Nitrogen in waterways, increased demand for freshwater for irrigation and to meet population growth, and the potential for increased droughts, means that water quality and quantity are significant issues for the region. Soil quality is also under threat due to sub-division and intensification of lan ...
... Nitrogen in waterways, increased demand for freshwater for irrigation and to meet population growth, and the potential for increased droughts, means that water quality and quantity are significant issues for the region. Soil quality is also under threat due to sub-division and intensification of lan ...
... appropriate route for accessing any prospective benefits. With global economies and markets more intertwined than ever, it is clearly not necessary to have a direct allocation to emerging markets in order to gain exposure to prospective benefits, assuming that an investor’s opportunity set in the de ...
###Indicators of Economic Development
... – Can changes in economic growth measure changes in the quality of life? – Does additional earnings power bring with it additional stress, increases in working hours, increased health and family problems? ...
... – Can changes in economic growth measure changes in the quality of life? – Does additional earnings power bring with it additional stress, increases in working hours, increased health and family problems? ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
... GDP is a very useful multipurpose measure of the quantity of goods and services available to a country, but it is not an all-purpose measure. Its breadth is attractive to development economists concerned with the level and change of a country’s “stage of development.” However, some questions call fo ...
... GDP is a very useful multipurpose measure of the quantity of goods and services available to a country, but it is not an all-purpose measure. Its breadth is attractive to development economists concerned with the level and change of a country’s “stage of development.” However, some questions call fo ...
Chapter 8: Re-engineering economic growth for greater prosperity
... The implementation of these projects reflects the increasing use of technology and modern practices in the construction sector right from the design phase through to execution and maintenance. ...
... The implementation of these projects reflects the increasing use of technology and modern practices in the construction sector right from the design phase through to execution and maintenance. ...
NOTES 1: Real and Nominal Variables
... I had a few different questions on computing real growth rates in variables. The questions were different in specifics, but were very similar in spirit. One question I received was where does the approximation formula I gave in class for calculating real growth rates come from (the one which says th ...
... I had a few different questions on computing real growth rates in variables. The questions were different in specifics, but were very similar in spirit. One question I received was where does the approximation formula I gave in class for calculating real growth rates come from (the one which says th ...
Can the IPCC SRES be Improved?
... convergence in income per capita levels represents one of the driving forces in the SRES and is a major theme of the SRES scenario analysis. As outlined in the previous section explicit convergence assumptions characterise the SRES A1 and B1 scenario families. For this reason we focus on these scena ...
... convergence in income per capita levels represents one of the driving forces in the SRES and is a major theme of the SRES scenario analysis. As outlined in the previous section explicit convergence assumptions characterise the SRES A1 and B1 scenario families. For this reason we focus on these scena ...
Presidents and the Economy: A Forensic Investigation
... Delving into the sectoral details (Table 3), the growth rates of every major component of real GDP except exports were higher under Democratic rather than Republican presidents, although the margins are small and statistically insignificant in a number of cases. Table 3 reveals that much of the Demo ...
... Delving into the sectoral details (Table 3), the growth rates of every major component of real GDP except exports were higher under Democratic rather than Republican presidents, although the margins are small and statistically insignificant in a number of cases. Table 3 reveals that much of the Demo ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.