The Relationship Between Energy Consumption and Economic
... in 1996 meant that Sri Lanka experienced a severe power crisis that adversely affected the economy in 1996. Mahadevan and Asafu-Adjaye (2007) suggested that Nigeria and Venezuela do not exhibit a long-run relationship and it is possible that the political environment, as well as the high level of co ...
... in 1996 meant that Sri Lanka experienced a severe power crisis that adversely affected the economy in 1996. Mahadevan and Asafu-Adjaye (2007) suggested that Nigeria and Venezuela do not exhibit a long-run relationship and it is possible that the political environment, as well as the high level of co ...
1. Trade openness growth and poverty
... biased against the poor to increase absolute poverty. The poor can also benefit from a favourable reallocation of resources induced by trade liberalisation. Many poor rural households in developing countries would likely benefit from a reduction of trade barriers in agriculture. Or, poor urban house ...
... biased against the poor to increase absolute poverty. The poor can also benefit from a favourable reallocation of resources induced by trade liberalisation. Many poor rural households in developing countries would likely benefit from a reduction of trade barriers in agriculture. Or, poor urban house ...
The Dependence of China`s Economic Growth on Exports and
... early reforms, which began in the agricultural sector. In order to gain political support for the reform, the government carried out policies to increase the income of common people, especially the peasants. This was done by increasing the price of agricultural produce purchased by the state. The re ...
... early reforms, which began in the agricultural sector. In order to gain political support for the reform, the government carried out policies to increase the income of common people, especially the peasants. This was done by increasing the price of agricultural produce purchased by the state. The re ...
THE DOWNSIDE OF DEBT REDUCTION
... net internal liabilities, D’, that would be required to complete the financing of the fiscal accounts. If the growth rates of either U’ or D’ would need to be significantly higher than the respective sources of finance would be likely to be willing and able to provide – in particular, if they signif ...
... net internal liabilities, D’, that would be required to complete the financing of the fiscal accounts. If the growth rates of either U’ or D’ would need to be significantly higher than the respective sources of finance would be likely to be willing and able to provide – in particular, if they signif ...
Labour Demand: the Jobs of the Future
... Strong employment gains in primary and domestic-oriented* sectors, driven by resource-boom and gains in terms of trade and national income Declining trend in manufacturing employment brought by adjustments to higher dollar, higher energy costs and increased competition from low-cost countries Cu ...
... Strong employment gains in primary and domestic-oriented* sectors, driven by resource-boom and gains in terms of trade and national income Declining trend in manufacturing employment brought by adjustments to higher dollar, higher energy costs and increased competition from low-cost countries Cu ...
PDF
... economic crisis on the banking sector is manifested in the form of bank collapses and the cost of bank restructuring. Total bank restructuring cost is estimated around 51% from GDP (Lindgren, et al, 2000), which is the biggest amount among the crisis countries. While bank-restructuring cost is so hi ...
... economic crisis on the banking sector is manifested in the form of bank collapses and the cost of bank restructuring. Total bank restructuring cost is estimated around 51% from GDP (Lindgren, et al, 2000), which is the biggest amount among the crisis countries. While bank-restructuring cost is so hi ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 2: The Data of Macroeconomics
... def2: spending on goods bought for future use. Includes: business fixed investment spending on plant and equipment that firms will use to produce other goods & services residential fixed investment spending on housing units by consumers and landlords inventory investment the change in the valu ...
... def2: spending on goods bought for future use. Includes: business fixed investment spending on plant and equipment that firms will use to produce other goods & services residential fixed investment spending on housing units by consumers and landlords inventory investment the change in the valu ...
Appendix A: Figures
... sectoral, and poverty impacts of increasing public investment in the Philippines. The findings indicate a positive impact of public investment on GDP and employment; that the macro effects do not substantially differ across the three types of financing mechanisms (used in the model) for public inves ...
... sectoral, and poverty impacts of increasing public investment in the Philippines. The findings indicate a positive impact of public investment on GDP and employment; that the macro effects do not substantially differ across the three types of financing mechanisms (used in the model) for public inves ...
... from 1979 until 1993, fell over the next five years, and remained roughly constant at 20% from 1998 until 2005 (Bai et al., 2006: table 1). These high rates derive from a very high capital share of income (quite close to 50% throughout), a low capital-output ratio (only 1.4 in the period up to 1993, ...
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... 1960 to 19:1 in 1999. The income gap for those LDCs that diversified into manufacturing and services increased from 8:1 to 12:1, but for those countries still most dependent on (non-oil) primary commodities, the increase was from 16:1 to 35:1 (UNCTAD, 2002a: 122). This differentiation is a product o ...
... 1960 to 19:1 in 1999. The income gap for those LDCs that diversified into manufacturing and services increased from 8:1 to 12:1, but for those countries still most dependent on (non-oil) primary commodities, the increase was from 16:1 to 35:1 (UNCTAD, 2002a: 122). This differentiation is a product o ...
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... Definition 1. A model is a set of simultaneous equations such that the number of independent equations is equal to the number of variables. The remaining symbols in the model are parameters. The word independent in this de…nition means, essentially, that each equation brings new information into the ...
... Definition 1. A model is a set of simultaneous equations such that the number of independent equations is equal to the number of variables. The remaining symbols in the model are parameters. The word independent in this de…nition means, essentially, that each equation brings new information into the ...
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... (NIPA). It is highly data intensive and is essentially devoted to describing and deriving an alternative data set for measuring productivity and productivity growth. The third paper in this series, which is currently in draft, will apply the concepts in the first paper and the data in this second p ...
... (NIPA). It is highly data intensive and is essentially devoted to describing and deriving an alternative data set for measuring productivity and productivity growth. The third paper in this series, which is currently in draft, will apply the concepts in the first paper and the data in this second p ...
Ch 7 aggregate supply and aggregate demand* I. Aggregate Supply
... The wage rate that makes the quantity of labor demanded equal to the quantity supplied is the equilibrium wage rate. At that wage rate, the level of employment full employment. At full employment, the unemployment rate is called the natural rate of ...
... The wage rate that makes the quantity of labor demanded equal to the quantity supplied is the equilibrium wage rate. At that wage rate, the level of employment full employment. At full employment, the unemployment rate is called the natural rate of ...
have economic growth and institutional quality contributed to poverty
... benefit to the poor as well as everyone else in society. Other studies using panel data from developing countries across regions have also shown that growth is favorable to the poor. Kraay [4] reported that much of the variation in the changes in poverty could be associated with growth in average in ...
... benefit to the poor as well as everyone else in society. Other studies using panel data from developing countries across regions have also shown that growth is favorable to the poor. Kraay [4] reported that much of the variation in the changes in poverty could be associated with growth in average in ...
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... corner. . . . Economies are behaving unpredictably and will continue to do so. The instability is both cause and consequence of the great uncertainty that has been spreading out from the financial markets. Fearful and confused, people react erratically to changing news, reinforcing confused market b ...
... corner. . . . Economies are behaving unpredictably and will continue to do so. The instability is both cause and consequence of the great uncertainty that has been spreading out from the financial markets. Fearful and confused, people react erratically to changing news, reinforcing confused market b ...
Technological Diversification No. 05‐1
... using more sophisticated technologies less volatile. The idea can be illustrated with an example from agriculture: Growing wheat with only land and labor as inputs renders the yield vulnerable to idiosyncratic shocks (for example, weather shocks such as a severe drought). In contrast, using land and ...
... using more sophisticated technologies less volatile. The idea can be illustrated with an example from agriculture: Growing wheat with only land and labor as inputs renders the yield vulnerable to idiosyncratic shocks (for example, weather shocks such as a severe drought). In contrast, using land and ...
Solution Sheet FINA353 Q. What is GDP (Gross Domestic Products
... examples to complete your answer. We are only final goods and services included in measuring GDP because of avoiding double counting. Examples: The tires produced by Bridgestone that are then sold to Toyota to be placed on their new cars. If we counted the tires when they were produced by Bridgeston ...
... examples to complete your answer. We are only final goods and services included in measuring GDP because of avoiding double counting. Examples: The tires produced by Bridgestone that are then sold to Toyota to be placed on their new cars. If we counted the tires when they were produced by Bridgeston ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.