Capital markets and capital Economics of Transition Volume 12 (4) 2004, 593–634
... Transition economies are the most important experiment in contemporary economics. Since China’s journey away from Maoism and India’s abandonment of Nehruvian socialism now qualify them as honorary transition economies, the welfare of nearly half of the world’s population depends on its success. But ...
... Transition economies are the most important experiment in contemporary economics. Since China’s journey away from Maoism and India’s abandonment of Nehruvian socialism now qualify them as honorary transition economies, the welfare of nearly half of the world’s population depends on its success. But ...
Chapter 4: Macroeconomic Volatility and Economic Freedom—a Preliminary Analysis
... recover from these shocks. Indeed, even in the Principles of Economics classroom, market impediments such as labor contracts, minimum wage laws, and other price controls that cause wage or price rigidity are routinely used to explain why an economy might not recover from aggregate shocks as quickly ...
... recover from these shocks. Indeed, even in the Principles of Economics classroom, market impediments such as labor contracts, minimum wage laws, and other price controls that cause wage or price rigidity are routinely used to explain why an economy might not recover from aggregate shocks as quickly ...
DC2010-0015 September 30, 2010 HOW RESILIENT HAVE
... extent to which the recovery compensates for the collapse preceding it. For example, panel A of Figure 3 shows that in 2010, the ECA region is expected to have a real GDP about 2.3 percentage points below its 2008 level; but ECA is expected to fully recover and slightly exceed its 2008 GDP level by ...
... extent to which the recovery compensates for the collapse preceding it. For example, panel A of Figure 3 shows that in 2010, the ECA region is expected to have a real GDP about 2.3 percentage points below its 2008 level; but ECA is expected to fully recover and slightly exceed its 2008 GDP level by ...
The Austrian School
... current and near-term consumption in order to enjoy increasing consumption over an extended period? It is the forgoing of current and near-term consumption, after all, that frees up the resources with which to expand the economy’s productive capacity and make increasing future consumption possible. ...
... current and near-term consumption in order to enjoy increasing consumption over an extended period? It is the forgoing of current and near-term consumption, after all, that frees up the resources with which to expand the economy’s productive capacity and make increasing future consumption possible. ...
WORLD CITIES RISK 2015-2025 - The Cambridge Risk Framework
... global cities ‘design, make and sell everything,’ from goods and services, to image and lifestyle.1 With increasing globalisation, the growth of the world city seems largely unhindered. Wealth creation worldwide is currently going through an unprecedented phase of concentration. The London economic ...
... global cities ‘design, make and sell everything,’ from goods and services, to image and lifestyle.1 With increasing globalisation, the growth of the world city seems largely unhindered. Wealth creation worldwide is currently going through an unprecedented phase of concentration. The London economic ...
Real GDP and the Price Level
... country with that in another. Two special problems arise in making these comparisons. Real GDP of one country must be converted into the same currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
... country with that in another. Two special problems arise in making these comparisons. Real GDP of one country must be converted into the same currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
testing sigma convergence across eu-28
... convergence process of the economic growth. There are several forms for this tool utilized in econometric analysis: absolute beta convergence, club convergence and conditional beta convergence. The beta and sigma indicators are related and reciprocal checked. The assumption of diminishing yield of t ...
... convergence process of the economic growth. There are several forms for this tool utilized in econometric analysis: absolute beta convergence, club convergence and conditional beta convergence. The beta and sigma indicators are related and reciprocal checked. The assumption of diminishing yield of t ...
Regulating Finance and Regulators to Promote Growth Ross Levine*
... use one observation per country, where the data are typically averaged over 30 or 40 ...
... use one observation per country, where the data are typically averaged over 30 or 40 ...
See paper. - UAPS 2015
... significantly in Sub-Saharan Africa in the 1990s and early 2000s. Indeed, in the 1990s declining GDP per capita contributed to slowing fertility rate declines as did the AIDS pandemic, which also raised infant and child mortality rates. Poorly performing economies in the region fueled subsistence l ...
... significantly in Sub-Saharan Africa in the 1990s and early 2000s. Indeed, in the 1990s declining GDP per capita contributed to slowing fertility rate declines as did the AIDS pandemic, which also raised infant and child mortality rates. Poorly performing economies in the region fueled subsistence l ...
Presentation title - Brussels Metropolitan
... quality of life performance and openness among regions and to better design and assess regional policies! ...
... quality of life performance and openness among regions and to better design and assess regional policies! ...
Who Can Explain the Mauritian Miracle
... high standards of living for their population. The record of sustained economic performance in sub-Saharan Africa (hereafter Africa) is not heartening. It is not that there have not been periods of sustained growth: as Table 1 shows, sixteen African countries, at various points in time, achieved hig ...
... high standards of living for their population. The record of sustained economic performance in sub-Saharan Africa (hereafter Africa) is not heartening. It is not that there have not been periods of sustained growth: as Table 1 shows, sixteen African countries, at various points in time, achieved hig ...
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... productivity growth in the last three years relative to the earlier period, 0.65 percentage point was due to the new economy sectors. The contribution of the new economy was slightly larger for wellmeasured output because that sector is smaller than the business economy. 10. Which sectors within th ...
... productivity growth in the last three years relative to the earlier period, 0.65 percentage point was due to the new economy sectors. The contribution of the new economy was slightly larger for wellmeasured output because that sector is smaller than the business economy. 10. Which sectors within th ...
Review Questions
... (b) The truck is included because it represents investment. It is a final good that was produced in the current year. [text: E pp. 108-109; MA pp. 108-109] (c)The missile purchase is included as part of government spending on goods and services. [text: E pp. 109-110; MA pp. 109-110] (d) The used tra ...
... (b) The truck is included because it represents investment. It is a final good that was produced in the current year. [text: E pp. 108-109; MA pp. 108-109] (c)The missile purchase is included as part of government spending on goods and services. [text: E pp. 109-110; MA pp. 109-110] (d) The used tra ...
Make in India and Productivity of Indian Textiles Industry
... Interpretation and Conclusion: Productivity increases when the growth in output is greater than the growth in input, or when the rate of growth of output minus the rate of growth of the composite input is positive. Economic growth can be obtained either by increasing inputs or by improving productiv ...
... Interpretation and Conclusion: Productivity increases when the growth in output is greater than the growth in input, or when the rate of growth of output minus the rate of growth of the composite input is positive. Economic growth can be obtained either by increasing inputs or by improving productiv ...
Presentation
... The following analyst(s), economist(s), and/or strategist(s) who is(are) primarily responsible for this report, certifies(y) that the opinion(s) on the subject security(ies) or issuer(s) and/or any other views or forecasts expressed herein accurately reflect their personal view(s) and that no part o ...
... The following analyst(s), economist(s), and/or strategist(s) who is(are) primarily responsible for this report, certifies(y) that the opinion(s) on the subject security(ies) or issuer(s) and/or any other views or forecasts expressed herein accurately reflect their personal view(s) and that no part o ...
Relative British and American Income Levels during the First
... growth rates are not always comparable across countries. This is especially problematic over very long time spans where small differences in growth rates can cumulate into large differences in projected income levels. In this paper, we use UK/US price level benchmarks to compare income for five benc ...
... growth rates are not always comparable across countries. This is especially problematic over very long time spans where small differences in growth rates can cumulate into large differences in projected income levels. In this paper, we use UK/US price level benchmarks to compare income for five benc ...
Development - Western Washington University
... Some argue this doesn’t go far enough Chap 12 Development ...
... Some argue this doesn’t go far enough Chap 12 Development ...
Asia-Pacific Development Journal Vol. 20, No. 2, December 2013
... deficit and the need to rely on public external and domestic debt to finance their developmental activities. The positive impact of public debt relates to the fact that in resource-starved economies debt financing, if done properly, leads to higher growth and adds to the borrower’s capacity to servi ...
... deficit and the need to rely on public external and domestic debt to finance their developmental activities. The positive impact of public debt relates to the fact that in resource-starved economies debt financing, if done properly, leads to higher growth and adds to the borrower’s capacity to servi ...
Macroeconomic Expectations and the Stock Market
... Executive summary. This paper aims to help long-term investors better understand how to evaluate economic information in forming expectations about the stock market. Given the tight long-run relationship between the stock market and the economy, investment commentary routinely suggests that the mark ...
... Executive summary. This paper aims to help long-term investors better understand how to evaluate economic information in forming expectations about the stock market. Given the tight long-run relationship between the stock market and the economy, investment commentary routinely suggests that the mark ...
Slide 1
... time, to the end of the Commonwealth, land appeared to have yielded one half the revenue. Down to the reign of Anne it was 1/4th. In her reign it was 1/6th. For the first 30 years of the reign of George III the land yielded 1/7th of the revenue. From 1793 to 1816 (during the period of the land tax) ...
... time, to the end of the Commonwealth, land appeared to have yielded one half the revenue. Down to the reign of Anne it was 1/4th. In her reign it was 1/6th. For the first 30 years of the reign of George III the land yielded 1/7th of the revenue. From 1793 to 1816 (during the period of the land tax) ...
Chapter 8 - Faculty Personal Web Page
... Figure 8-5 Effects of Revisions in GDP Estimates on Measured GDP Growth Rates ...
... Figure 8-5 Effects of Revisions in GDP Estimates on Measured GDP Growth Rates ...
Prados de la Escosura Inequality, Poverty, and the
... Long-term continuity is, however, compatible with phases or long swings in which growth rates differs from the trend growth (Table 1). Economic policies, access to international markets and technological change would play a part in the four phases that can be established during the hundred-year peri ...
... Long-term continuity is, however, compatible with phases or long swings in which growth rates differs from the trend growth (Table 1). Economic policies, access to international markets and technological change would play a part in the four phases that can be established during the hundred-year peri ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.