A New Monthly Indicator of Global Real Economic Activity CAMA
... activity is used to represent the World economy. World or global gross domestic product (GDP), measured at quarterly frequency in United States (US) dollars using purchasing power parity, is broadly accepted and frequently used as a measure of global economic activity. However, there is a lack of de ...
... activity is used to represent the World economy. World or global gross domestic product (GDP), measured at quarterly frequency in United States (US) dollars using purchasing power parity, is broadly accepted and frequently used as a measure of global economic activity. However, there is a lack of de ...
The Impact of Policy Uncertainty on U.S. Employment: Industry Evidence No. 13-3
... structure across industries and the eventual supply to final uses. More specifically, we compute the share of each industry’s output that is either sold directly to the federal government or incorporated into products eventually sold directly to the federal government. We do so by combining the inf ...
... structure across industries and the eventual supply to final uses. More specifically, we compute the share of each industry’s output that is either sold directly to the federal government or incorporated into products eventually sold directly to the federal government. We do so by combining the inf ...
Corporate Governance over the Business Cycle
... to buy the latest machines even if they are not really needed, or that they over-estimate the appropriate scale of operation for their firms (for instance because they over-estimate their own productivity), or that they literally have empire building preferences. On the other hand, τ ∗ will capture ...
... to buy the latest machines even if they are not really needed, or that they over-estimate the appropriate scale of operation for their firms (for instance because they over-estimate their own productivity), or that they literally have empire building preferences. On the other hand, τ ∗ will capture ...
Fiscal Policy Issues for Tanzania
... measures to stimulate domestic demand and to provide targeted support for the worst affected sectors, notably agriculture. It implies net domestic financing at 1.6 per cent of GDP. Growth and Capital Formation A natural question when looking for the necessary underpinnings to achieve some target gro ...
... measures to stimulate domestic demand and to provide targeted support for the worst affected sectors, notably agriculture. It implies net domestic financing at 1.6 per cent of GDP. Growth and Capital Formation A natural question when looking for the necessary underpinnings to achieve some target gro ...
Introduction
... Accordingly, European regional support has grown in parallel with European integration. As a matter of fact, originally European Union was constituted by very homogeneous member states; the only exception was represented by Southern Italian Regions: in order to help these historically lagging region ...
... Accordingly, European regional support has grown in parallel with European integration. As a matter of fact, originally European Union was constituted by very homogeneous member states; the only exception was represented by Southern Italian Regions: in order to help these historically lagging region ...
Parkin-Bade Chapter 22
... Short-Run Aggregate Supply Short-run aggregate supply is the relationship between the quantity of real GDP supplied and the price level when the money wage rate, the prices of other resources, and potential GDP remain constant. A rise in the price level with no change in the money wage rate and othe ...
... Short-Run Aggregate Supply Short-run aggregate supply is the relationship between the quantity of real GDP supplied and the price level when the money wage rate, the prices of other resources, and potential GDP remain constant. A rise in the price level with no change in the money wage rate and othe ...
Poverty Traps, Economic Inequality and Delinquent Incentives
... There is a recent literature in economics that studies institutional changes in a dynamic evolutionary framework where inequality and poverty traps emerge with endogenous ine¢ cient institutional arrangements (Bowles 2006). Other theoretical contributions argue that parasitic enterprises can feed on ...
... There is a recent literature in economics that studies institutional changes in a dynamic evolutionary framework where inequality and poverty traps emerge with endogenous ine¢ cient institutional arrangements (Bowles 2006). Other theoretical contributions argue that parasitic enterprises can feed on ...
Economic-Base Theory CHAPTER 3
... growth is exports, is often built to represent the arguments of other practitioners. However, you can seldom find an "export-base" theorist who is not also an "economic-base" theorist readily acknowledging many other determinants of growth than exports alone. ...
... growth is exports, is often built to represent the arguments of other practitioners. However, you can seldom find an "export-base" theorist who is not also an "economic-base" theorist readily acknowledging many other determinants of growth than exports alone. ...
Chapter 1 U G F
... Revenue receipts exceeded the budget estimates marginally by 0.82 per cent mainly due to an increase in non-tax revenue receipts by 4.47 per cent which compensated the marginal shortfall in tax collections and resulted in overall better realization of revenue receipts during the year. However, an in ...
... Revenue receipts exceeded the budget estimates marginally by 0.82 per cent mainly due to an increase in non-tax revenue receipts by 4.47 per cent which compensated the marginal shortfall in tax collections and resulted in overall better realization of revenue receipts during the year. However, an in ...
On the Use of High-Frequency Economic Information to Anticipate
... number of mutually uncorrelated variables exhibiting maximal variance1/. All variables are standardized so that there is no choice in the units of measurement. For the case of the real GDP equation, we have selected a set of monthly indicators from industrial production, expenditure, money stock, in ...
... number of mutually uncorrelated variables exhibiting maximal variance1/. All variables are standardized so that there is no choice in the units of measurement. For the case of the real GDP equation, we have selected a set of monthly indicators from industrial production, expenditure, money stock, in ...
kwame nkrumah university of science and technology, kumasi
... In 2000, the stagnating growth was worsened by a downturn in the prices of the country’s major exports and crude oil price shocks. As a result, real output growth slowed to 3.7% and macroeconomic risk worsened. A new political administration in 2001 saw the re-emergence of deeper market reforms and ...
... In 2000, the stagnating growth was worsened by a downturn in the prices of the country’s major exports and crude oil price shocks. As a result, real output growth slowed to 3.7% and macroeconomic risk worsened. A new political administration in 2001 saw the re-emergence of deeper market reforms and ...
A Chronology of Turning Points in Economic Activity: Spain 1850-2011
... seem to favor the date-then-combine approach if interest is tilted toward constructing a single series of turning points. Moreover, the variables in our data set are observed over different spans and at different frequencies, features that make the factor approach less attractive. Instead, a simple me ...
... seem to favor the date-then-combine approach if interest is tilted toward constructing a single series of turning points. Moreover, the variables in our data set are observed over different spans and at different frequencies, features that make the factor approach less attractive. Instead, a simple me ...
The evolution of economic convergence in the
... The most widely applied concepts, originating with Baumol (1986), Barro and Sala-iMartin (1992), and Mankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992), are those of β-convergence, understood as a tendency of poorer economies to grow faster than rich ones, and σ-convergence, which refers to a reduction of income dispe ...
... The most widely applied concepts, originating with Baumol (1986), Barro and Sala-iMartin (1992), and Mankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992), are those of β-convergence, understood as a tendency of poorer economies to grow faster than rich ones, and σ-convergence, which refers to a reduction of income dispe ...
Social Capital, Investment and Economic Growth: Evidence for Spanish Provinces Jesús Peiró-Palomino
... behaviors as a product of an internal decision, not a consequence of environmental factors. In Knack and Keefer (1995) they focused exclusively on the role of the institutions on the economic performance and the catching up effects, concluding that institutions which guarantee the property rights a ...
... behaviors as a product of an internal decision, not a consequence of environmental factors. In Knack and Keefer (1995) they focused exclusively on the role of the institutions on the economic performance and the catching up effects, concluding that institutions which guarantee the property rights a ...
Potential output, output gaps and structural budget balances
... influences and hence the assessment of inflation pressures.' For the medium term, measures of productive potential - those which embody information about trend developments in the stock of capital, the labour force and factor productivity provide a useful guide to the aggregate supply capabilities o ...
... influences and hence the assessment of inflation pressures.' For the medium term, measures of productive potential - those which embody information about trend developments in the stock of capital, the labour force and factor productivity provide a useful guide to the aggregate supply capabilities o ...
Overlapping Generations Model
... state capital exceeds the golden rule level, a decrease in the capital stock increases steady state consumption. This happens because the capital stock became so large that its productivity is insufficient to supply the resources that are necessary to maintain capital intensity. Obviously, steady st ...
... state capital exceeds the golden rule level, a decrease in the capital stock increases steady state consumption. This happens because the capital stock became so large that its productivity is insufficient to supply the resources that are necessary to maintain capital intensity. Obviously, steady st ...
What is the Shape of the American Economy
... What might have caused this most unusual pattern of earnings? The obvious suspicion is that the rapid rate of “innovation” in accounting techniques has distorted the timing of reported earnings over the last few years. Every day, the newspapers recount a host of new techniques by which companies bol ...
... What might have caused this most unusual pattern of earnings? The obvious suspicion is that the rapid rate of “innovation” in accounting techniques has distorted the timing of reported earnings over the last few years. Every day, the newspapers recount a host of new techniques by which companies bol ...
The Depressing Effect of Agricultural Institutions on the Prewar
... paper’s model that agricultural goods cannot be used as an investment good. See app. 1 of Hayashi and Prescott (2006) for more details on how we defined real output Y and the real capital stock K. Employment and hours worked are not adjusted for quality. The initial year for the postwar period is ta ...
... paper’s model that agricultural goods cannot be used as an investment good. See app. 1 of Hayashi and Prescott (2006) for more details on how we defined real output Y and the real capital stock K. Employment and hours worked are not adjusted for quality. The initial year for the postwar period is ta ...
INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE EU: COMPARATIVE
... Index (CPI) is the price of basket of final products. Indexing problem can occur in quality changes of products, i.e., in its influence on price. Because, if product price increases and its quality grows as well, then this is not inflatory tendency but a new product, which is a usual instance in the ...
... Index (CPI) is the price of basket of final products. Indexing problem can occur in quality changes of products, i.e., in its influence on price. Because, if product price increases and its quality grows as well, then this is not inflatory tendency but a new product, which is a usual instance in the ...
XML - African Politics and Policy
... with tourism. Studies produced in this line of argument have underlined that tourism contributes to economic growth, that it does so more than other industries that create employment for unskilled workers who would otherwise struggle to find employment and it can be a main driver of growth in develo ...
... with tourism. Studies produced in this line of argument have underlined that tourism contributes to economic growth, that it does so more than other industries that create employment for unskilled workers who would otherwise struggle to find employment and it can be a main driver of growth in develo ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.