Tanzania - United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
... Ease of doing business index (World Bank) ...
... Ease of doing business index (World Bank) ...
A-level Economics Mark Scheme Unit 04
... Where a candidate analyses more than two consequences, reward the best two. A candidate can be awarded a maximum of 8 marks if only the explanation and one consequence are analysed or for just two consequences analysed with no attempt at the first part of the question. ...
... Where a candidate analyses more than two consequences, reward the best two. A candidate can be awarded a maximum of 8 marks if only the explanation and one consequence are analysed or for just two consequences analysed with no attempt at the first part of the question. ...
Institutional Manipulation in Authoritarian Regimes
... using the regional mean of individual variables for regression estimates in individuallevel analysis, one can neglect endogenously correlated variances across these two levels and wrongly assume that individual characteristics vary across different regional means. There are several methodological ...
... using the regional mean of individual variables for regression estimates in individuallevel analysis, one can neglect endogenously correlated variances across these two levels and wrongly assume that individual characteristics vary across different regional means. There are several methodological ...
Has the Business Cycle Changed and Why?
... ployment in the 1990s was 0.73. The 1990s were also a period of quiescence for inflation: changes in annual price inflation, measured by the GDP deflator, has a relative standard deviation of 0.50. As noted by Kim, Nelson, and Piger (2001), Watson (1999), and Basistha and Startz (2001), the situatio ...
... ployment in the 1990s was 0.73. The 1990s were also a period of quiescence for inflation: changes in annual price inflation, measured by the GDP deflator, has a relative standard deviation of 0.50. As noted by Kim, Nelson, and Piger (2001), Watson (1999), and Basistha and Startz (2001), the situatio ...
Investing in Aboriginal Education in Canada: An Economic
... If the Aboriginal population’s employment and participation rates reach 2006 nonAboriginal levels by 2026, it is projected that the Aboriginal population will account for 19.9 percent of labour force growth and 22.1 percent of employment growth between 2006 and 2026. Improving the social and economi ...
... If the Aboriginal population’s employment and participation rates reach 2006 nonAboriginal levels by 2026, it is projected that the Aboriginal population will account for 19.9 percent of labour force growth and 22.1 percent of employment growth between 2006 and 2026. Improving the social and economi ...
COM COM(2007)
... requirement of the Treaty. The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) develops the provisions of the Treaty into a set of commonly agreed rules, principles and procedures that contribute to the design, the surveillance and the co-ordination of budgetary policies in the EU Member States. The SGP includes a ...
... requirement of the Treaty. The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) develops the provisions of the Treaty into a set of commonly agreed rules, principles and procedures that contribute to the design, the surveillance and the co-ordination of budgetary policies in the EU Member States. The SGP includes a ...
The Changing Pace of Labour Reallocation in
... and services, and the share of employment in the sectors that produce them will increase. As well, the evolution of technology generally favours the goodsproducing sectors over the services sectors over time; both labour productivity and multi-factor productivity have risen more quickly in goods tha ...
... and services, and the share of employment in the sectors that produce them will increase. As well, the evolution of technology generally favours the goodsproducing sectors over the services sectors over time; both labour productivity and multi-factor productivity have risen more quickly in goods tha ...
Part B: Section 1 - Whangarei District Council
... costs of raw materials, services and components that were sourced from outside the area. GDP is essentially a measure of economic activity that focuses on productivity. In this case, the sum of all economic activity for both the egion and districts were calculated, and then costs of inputs from outs ...
... costs of raw materials, services and components that were sourced from outside the area. GDP is essentially a measure of economic activity that focuses on productivity. In this case, the sum of all economic activity for both the egion and districts were calculated, and then costs of inputs from outs ...
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... fifth part analyses politics of fiscal consolidations and the following section investigates into more detail periods of fiscal consolidations in NMSs. Seventh part concludes the paper by presenting some insights from the EUR-15 pre-euro adoption period. II. FISCAL POLICY’S MAIN PATTERNS IN THE NMSs ...
... fifth part analyses politics of fiscal consolidations and the following section investigates into more detail periods of fiscal consolidations in NMSs. Seventh part concludes the paper by presenting some insights from the EUR-15 pre-euro adoption period. II. FISCAL POLICY’S MAIN PATTERNS IN THE NMSs ...
Corruption, growth and political regimes: Cross country evidence
... Since these corruption indexes are not available before 1980, for all of the crosssectional regressions we had to make the choice of using the average of these indexes for the periods they are available as an approximation for the corruption level present during the entire period (1960–2000). We bel ...
... Since these corruption indexes are not available before 1980, for all of the crosssectional regressions we had to make the choice of using the average of these indexes for the periods they are available as an approximation for the corruption level present during the entire period (1960–2000). We bel ...
A Primer on the Nature of Business Cycles
... cycle will then be analyzed. Lastly, the businesscycle properties of the U.S. and Canadian economies will be compared. Defining the business cycle There are several different ways to define “the business cycle.” Loosely speaking, the term usually refers to fluctuations of economic aggregates around ...
... cycle will then be analyzed. Lastly, the businesscycle properties of the U.S. and Canadian economies will be compared. Defining the business cycle There are several different ways to define “the business cycle.” Loosely speaking, the term usually refers to fluctuations of economic aggregates around ...
Liquidity, Innovation, and Endogenous Growth
... For example, Archibugi, Filippetti, and Frenz (2013) report that some firms have actually increased their R&D investment despite the toughening constraints. In a related study, Kanerva and Hollanders (2009) find no relation between firm size and decline in investment in 2008. ...
... For example, Archibugi, Filippetti, and Frenz (2013) report that some firms have actually increased their R&D investment despite the toughening constraints. In a related study, Kanerva and Hollanders (2009) find no relation between firm size and decline in investment in 2008. ...
Why foreign savings fail to cause growth - Bresser
... foreign savings assumed its character of deliberate strategy and became dominant only in the 90's. It was then followed by the financial opening of developing countries and by the great increase in capital flows towards them. Yet, the extensive literature on the opening of the capital account does n ...
... foreign savings assumed its character of deliberate strategy and became dominant only in the 90's. It was then followed by the financial opening of developing countries and by the great increase in capital flows towards them. Yet, the extensive literature on the opening of the capital account does n ...
History of Political Changes and Impacts on the Economy in Nepal
... All others GDP at factor cost ...
... All others GDP at factor cost ...
A Panel Approach for Developing Countries
... than those of the central government, and the time, savings and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. The theory predicts a positive sign for the coefficient of this variable. The GDP in this study is the gross domestic product calculated in terms of the Sp ...
... than those of the central government, and the time, savings and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. The theory predicts a positive sign for the coefficient of this variable. The GDP in this study is the gross domestic product calculated in terms of the Sp ...
AID AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT:
... aid-dependency and are able to finance their BOP from the private markets. The expectation is that the aid-recipient countries, with effective use of the official development assistance and having mostly implemented first-generation reforms and second-generation reforms, will be able to attract sign ...
... aid-dependency and are able to finance their BOP from the private markets. The expectation is that the aid-recipient countries, with effective use of the official development assistance and having mostly implemented first-generation reforms and second-generation reforms, will be able to attract sign ...
Policy - International Policy Centre for inclusive Growth
... when given access to the human and physical capital they need. Targeted cash transfers—even when they are not combined with any direct effort to raise productivity—can then have aggregate productive effects by supporting investments by poor people, investments that would not otherwise be possible. T ...
... when given access to the human and physical capital they need. Targeted cash transfers—even when they are not combined with any direct effort to raise productivity—can then have aggregate productive effects by supporting investments by poor people, investments that would not otherwise be possible. T ...
Economic Diversification in the GCC
... would create high-value-added private sector jobs for nationals, and would establish the non-oil economy that will be needed when oil reserves are eventually exhausted. International experience, however, shows that diversifying away from oil is very difficult. A number of key obstacles often hinder ...
... would create high-value-added private sector jobs for nationals, and would establish the non-oil economy that will be needed when oil reserves are eventually exhausted. International experience, however, shows that diversifying away from oil is very difficult. A number of key obstacles often hinder ...
Essays on Capital Market Imperfections, Intergenerational Mobility and Economic Development
... a country’s nancial sector on the level and the rate of growth of its per capita income. In contrast, Robinsons’s (1952) view was that economic development creates demands for particular types of nancial arrangements, and the nancial system responds automatically to these demands. In part, this skep ...
... a country’s nancial sector on the level and the rate of growth of its per capita income. In contrast, Robinsons’s (1952) view was that economic development creates demands for particular types of nancial arrangements, and the nancial system responds automatically to these demands. In part, this skep ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.