here
... modelling. Most revisions reflect either the adoption of new statistical techniques, or the incorporation of new information, which allows the statistical error of previous statements to be reduced. Only rarely are there avoidable ‘errors’ such as human or system failures, and such mistakes are made ...
... modelling. Most revisions reflect either the adoption of new statistical techniques, or the incorporation of new information, which allows the statistical error of previous statements to be reduced. Only rarely are there avoidable ‘errors’ such as human or system failures, and such mistakes are made ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 1: The Science of Macroeconomics
... How factor prices are determined Factor prices are determined by supply and demand in factor markets. ...
... How factor prices are determined Factor prices are determined by supply and demand in factor markets. ...
Foreign Investment and Growth vs. Development: A Compal`ative
... of value added in Ireland. Both productivity and economic growth are thus overstated and with them, the implied welfare gains to the Irish from economic growth. The growth in GDP or GDP per capita also over-states the productivity increase because a drop in the Irish birth rate means that the percen ...
... of value added in Ireland. Both productivity and economic growth are thus overstated and with them, the implied welfare gains to the Irish from economic growth. The growth in GDP or GDP per capita also over-states the productivity increase because a drop in the Irish birth rate means that the percen ...
Is the Chinese Economic Growth Sustainable? A Macroeconomic Approach
... overall world trade was less than 1 percent in 1978, but this share has increased to 1.6 percent in 1990 and almost 9 percent at present. Between 1979 and 2008, China‟s international trade grew at an average rate of 19 percent per year, compared to the average growth rate of 8 percent between 1952 a ...
... overall world trade was less than 1 percent in 1978, but this share has increased to 1.6 percent in 1990 and almost 9 percent at present. Between 1979 and 2008, China‟s international trade grew at an average rate of 19 percent per year, compared to the average growth rate of 8 percent between 1952 a ...
III. Fiscal policy and capital formation
... brackets and widening the tax base. In the countries that are following such direction and sequence of fiscal reforms, the recovery had come earlier and the growth is stronger. This process calls for sound institutional building, since for transition to succeed the new institutional arrangements are ...
... brackets and widening the tax base. In the countries that are following such direction and sequence of fiscal reforms, the recovery had come earlier and the growth is stronger. This process calls for sound institutional building, since for transition to succeed the new institutional arrangements are ...
Household, corporate savings seen rising on income - Sa-Dhan
... be already under way and is likely to persist for some years to come on account of factors like a continuation of the growth momentum seen in the last three years, the household savings rate increasing with accelerated income growth with the reinforcement of benign demographic dynamics, financial se ...
... be already under way and is likely to persist for some years to come on account of factors like a continuation of the growth momentum seen in the last three years, the household savings rate increasing with accelerated income growth with the reinforcement of benign demographic dynamics, financial se ...
DOC - Europa EU
... aggregates. For the aggregation of PPP more detailed expenditure weights are necessary, so that the detailed expenditure structure of the year 2004 is used to estimate detailed weights for 2005 by scaling it to the newly available information for 2005 at main aggregates level. 2. GDP, and thus GDP p ...
... aggregates. For the aggregation of PPP more detailed expenditure weights are necessary, so that the detailed expenditure structure of the year 2004 is used to estimate detailed weights for 2005 by scaling it to the newly available information for 2005 at main aggregates level. 2. GDP, and thus GDP p ...
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... President Lula da Silva, the Brazilian economy has demonstrated a remarkable robustness. However, unemployment and insufficient demand remain the main problems of the country, whereas inflation, which was the second most important economic problem at the beginning of 2003, seems to have been brought ...
... President Lula da Silva, the Brazilian economy has demonstrated a remarkable robustness. However, unemployment and insufficient demand remain the main problems of the country, whereas inflation, which was the second most important economic problem at the beginning of 2003, seems to have been brought ...
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... # the number of graduates and diplomats trained in the agricultural sciences (including horticulture, veterinary science, food technology) over the past 15 years; # the economic conditions of the agricultural sector (as measured by the annual deviation of net farm income from its long term trend); a ...
... # the number of graduates and diplomats trained in the agricultural sciences (including horticulture, veterinary science, food technology) over the past 15 years; # the economic conditions of the agricultural sector (as measured by the annual deviation of net farm income from its long term trend); a ...
Bank of England Inflation Report August 2014 Prospects for inflation
... (g) Based on the weighted average of spreads for households and large companies over 2003 and 2004 relative to the level in 2007 Q3. Data used to construct the SME spread are not available for that period. The period is chosen as broadly representative of one where spreads were neither unusually tig ...
... (g) Based on the weighted average of spreads for households and large companies over 2003 and 2004 relative to the level in 2007 Q3. Data used to construct the SME spread are not available for that period. The period is chosen as broadly representative of one where spreads were neither unusually tig ...
Demographic Changes and Macroeconomic Performance
... suffering from lower economic growth owing to the lower population growth or even because of the declining population. Rather than trying to cover all of the relevant topics under the theme of demographic changes and macroeconomic performance in my remark, I focus on Japan’s experience of population ...
... suffering from lower economic growth owing to the lower population growth or even because of the declining population. Rather than trying to cover all of the relevant topics under the theme of demographic changes and macroeconomic performance in my remark, I focus on Japan’s experience of population ...
Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand
... Inflation rate =money growth rate minus the real GDP growth rate. ...
... Inflation rate =money growth rate minus the real GDP growth rate. ...
Adam Smith`s Invisible Hand versus Government`s Iron Fist
... the effects of several aspects of government on economic performance. More specifically, the purpose of their study was to “…establish a basic connection between bureaucratic structures and economic growth…” (Evans and Rauch 1999, 753). Their definition of government was Weber’s theory and definitio ...
... the effects of several aspects of government on economic performance. More specifically, the purpose of their study was to “…establish a basic connection between bureaucratic structures and economic growth…” (Evans and Rauch 1999, 753). Their definition of government was Weber’s theory and definitio ...
Beyond the numbers: The human cost of the crisis At a glance
... For example, the IMF projects that G7 output in 2013 will be around 3% below the level at which inflation pressures build in the economy (the ‘potential’ level of output). Had the labour market been in a better state, then the scope for keeping monetary policy so loose would be much less in both the ...
... For example, the IMF projects that G7 output in 2013 will be around 3% below the level at which inflation pressures build in the economy (the ‘potential’ level of output). Had the labour market been in a better state, then the scope for keeping monetary policy so loose would be much less in both the ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS AND LONG-RUN GROWFH Jong-Wha Lee
... This paper presents an endogenous growth model of an open economy in which the growth rate of income is higher if foreign capital goods are used relatively more than domestic capital goods for the production of capital stock. Empirical results, using cross country data for the period 1960-85, confir ...
... This paper presents an endogenous growth model of an open economy in which the growth rate of income is higher if foreign capital goods are used relatively more than domestic capital goods for the production of capital stock. Empirical results, using cross country data for the period 1960-85, confir ...
Stock Markets: A Spur to Economic Growth
... change; n.a. indicates data were not available. push stock market development? This Most corporate capital creation is is even more uncertain. The available financed by retained earnings and information suggests that policymakbank loans. Although this phenomenon is not wholly understood, greater dom ...
... change; n.a. indicates data were not available. push stock market development? This Most corporate capital creation is is even more uncertain. The available financed by retained earnings and information suggests that policymakbank loans. Although this phenomenon is not wholly understood, greater dom ...
ASSESSING EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OUTPUT
... thought with regard to the determination of the potential output. In the conventional or mainstream theory, the potential output would be determined only by the real resources dynamics: basically the labor force and technological stocks, and the agents’ preferences pattern. Under this perspective, “ ...
... thought with regard to the determination of the potential output. In the conventional or mainstream theory, the potential output would be determined only by the real resources dynamics: basically the labor force and technological stocks, and the agents’ preferences pattern. Under this perspective, “ ...
STAGES-OCT2004
... investing in, and adopting, already existing technologies, or by pursuing what we call an investment-based growth strategy. If this assessment is correct, the institutions that are appropriate to such nations should encourage investment and technology adoption, even if this comes at the expense of v ...
... investing in, and adopting, already existing technologies, or by pursuing what we call an investment-based growth strategy. If this assessment is correct, the institutions that are appropriate to such nations should encourage investment and technology adoption, even if this comes at the expense of v ...
Macro Scorecard for Largest European Economies
... Summary Conclusions and Implications • Short vs. Long Term. Expect continued contraction in most of the euro-zone economies in the coming quarters. Renewed growth hinges on a more credible plan for the euro crisis. • Prices/Costs. Plan on global cost pressures that remain relatively modest for most ...
... Summary Conclusions and Implications • Short vs. Long Term. Expect continued contraction in most of the euro-zone economies in the coming quarters. Renewed growth hinges on a more credible plan for the euro crisis. • Prices/Costs. Plan on global cost pressures that remain relatively modest for most ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.