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Oligarchies
Oligarchies

... The Party itself consists of a body of full-time Party workers, who hold a formal meeting every week to control the day-to-day running of the Party and makes policy statements and other official duties. All of these operations are the main organizational devices for maintaining the oligarchy of the ...
View/Open
View/Open

... the center. Decentralized decision making is multipoint, multicausal, self regulating, and with multi-points cooperating with the center, but not dominated by it. 5. Efficiency versus democracy. A cooperative has the dilemma of "being a social organization responding to the needs of members and the ...
Stjepan G. Mestrovic
Stjepan G. Mestrovic

... Both Durkheim and Mestrovic argue strongly that compassion cannot be learned, it can only be transmitted through example. ...
PDF - Routledge Handbooks Online
PDF - Routledge Handbooks Online

... opportunities to associate themselves with winners and champions in an effort to bask in the glow of victorious others. 5 Social mobility – Functionalists argue that sport provides individuals with opportunities to improve their socio-economic status. Sport does provide for social mobility that is ...
B T E
B T E

... and perceptions of its effectiveness in training physicians.” Medical Teacher 36(4). ...
Part 1 - Intro to Soc & Soc Imag
Part 1 - Intro to Soc & Soc Imag

... • Today, we want to go deeper into what it means to do sociology by discussing the unique approach sociologists bring to their work as they seek to make the familiar strange. • The Sociological Imagination – In order to think critically about the world around us -- to make the familiar strange - we ...
Invitation to Sociology
Invitation to Sociology

... fellow trespassers. The sociologist’s questions always remain essentially the same: “What are people doing with each other here?” “What are their relationships to each other?” “How are these relationships organized in institutions?” “What are the collective ideas that move men and institutions?” In ...
Task 9. Memorize the following words and word-combinations
Task 9. Memorize the following words and word-combinations

... European society itself. The increasing importance of science is but one dimension of the modernization of Europe. Social change, of course, is continuous but European societies experienced particularly rapid transformations during the 17 th and 18th centuries. In the midst of intense social change ...
1. social structure and organizations revisited
1. social structure and organizations revisited

... foundational statement for a more politically-oriented organizational theory that foregrounds broader societal processes. It is also one of the works from this period that continues to be a pivotal citation in varied contemporary theoretical and empirical research. In current research, Stinchcombe 1 ...
复旦大学本科生(非英语专业)外语能力培养方案
复旦大学本科生(非英语专业)外语能力培养方案

... are quite often taken into account, but by no means always. (Para. 8) ...
collapse or order? questioning state collapse in africa
collapse or order? questioning state collapse in africa

Legitimation crisis
Legitimation crisis

... whole. Since Habermas is only concerned with this level of Parsons’s analysis, from now on we will refer to this system simply as the social system. The logic of Parsons’s functional imperatives can be seen from his analysis of social action. In Parsons’s view, an instrumental model of action, such ...
The two very different views of Durkheim and Simmel`s sociology is
The two very different views of Durkheim and Simmel`s sociology is

... the idea of modernity originated as an account of the kinds on institutions, ideas, and behaviors that came out of the decline of medieval society in Europe (23). The authors make the point that seeds of modernity had been sown for years, but it was not until the 19th century that modern life truly ...
We`re Starting a Movement - 4LTR Press
We`re Starting a Movement - 4LTR Press

... students have taken an ethnic studies course, 38 percent have had a roommate of a different racial or ethnic background, and 40 percent say that promoting racial understanding is a “very important” or “essential” personal goal. However, 21 percent of these students report having little knowledge of ...
FREE Sample Here - We can offer most test bank and
FREE Sample Here - We can offer most test bank and

... other family members, but children over the age of 7 were seriously disciplined and held accountable for their actions. In the 19th century, industrialization led to formal schooling for children, and an array of laws developed to protect them. In the 20th century, the special social status of child ...
what is technology? - University of Calgary
what is technology? - University of Calgary

... his etymological objections to the use of "technology" for group "A" by arguing that the scientific component of modern "sci-tech" was a sort of "logos". This looks a little like academic cleverness to me -- but, whatever works!. The fact is that all the OED definitions of technology up to 1986 refe ...
The Dynamics of the Sociological Imagination
The Dynamics of the Sociological Imagination

... pluralism of possibilities of development and subjectively designed worlds. The methodology of this metaparadigm is based on the postulate that each socium has unique values and the circumstances are always subjective. That is the reason why there cannot be uniform, universal explanations of social ...
the disciplinary society and the birth of sociology: a foucauldian
the disciplinary society and the birth of sociology: a foucauldian

... allows these knowledges to be controlled, which ensures that they can be selected, and both that the content of these knowledges can be transmitted upward from the bottom, and that the overall directions and the general organizations it wishes to promote can be transmitted downward from the top” (Fo ...
Sociological imagination - the political economy of war
Sociological imagination - the political economy of war

... a society, existing independently of individuals who make it up, which influence people’s behavior- the “extrinsic coercion” that guides behavior. – Sum total of social facts= collective conscience ...
Reassembling the Social
Reassembling the Social

Illustrations
Illustrations

... composition of three main layers: upper class, middle class, and lower class. Each class may be further subdivided into smaller classes (eg. occupational). These categories are particular to state-level societies as distinguished from, for instance, feudal societies composed of nobilityto-peasant re ...
Defining and Theorizing the Third Sector
Defining and Theorizing the Third Sector

... comparative politics to theorize it, and the study of markets has its own highly prestigious scientific discipline of economics, the “third sector” remains comparatively under-theorized despite some good efforts to the contrary. This chapter aims to present a brief overview of existing definitions a ...
Deviance - Bakersfield College
Deviance - Bakersfield College

... Should we eliminate from all public consciousness the notion of robbery we would then become more sensitive to bad taste. ...
An Introduction to Actor-Network
An Introduction to Actor-Network

... which non-social activities take place; it is a specific domain of reality; it can be used as a specific type of causality to account for the residual aspects that other domains (psychology, law, economics, etc.) cannot completely deal with; it is studied by specialized scholars called sociologists ...
article - Jan Baars, Ph.D.
article - Jan Baars, Ph.D.

... interplay between intellectual creativity, analytical clarity and receptivity towards subject matter. It reminds us that knowledge is never self evident, but is always "constituted" in a process of focusing attention, giving names to recurrent phenomena that appear to be the same, making distinction ...
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Social development theory

Social Development theory attempts to explain qualitative changes in the structure and framework of society, that help the society to better realize its aims and objectives. Development can be defined in a manner applicable to all societies at all historical periods as an upward ascending movement featuring greater levels of energy, efficiency, quality, productivity, complexity, comprehension, creativity, mastery, enjoyment and accomplishment. Development is a process of social change, not merely a set of policies and programs instituted for some specific results. During the last five centuries this process has picked up in speed and intensity, and during the last five decades has witnessed a marked surge in acceleration.The basic mechanism driving social change is increasing awareness leading to better organization. When society senses new and better opportunities for progress it develops new forms of organization to exploit these new openings successfully. The new forms of organization are better able to harness the available social energies and skills and resources to use the opportunities to get the intended results.Development is governed by many factors that influence the results of developmental efforts. There must be a motive that drives the social change and essential preconditions for that change to occur. The motive must be powerful enough to overcome obstructions that impede that change from occurring. Development also requires resources such as capital, technology, and supporting infrastructure.Development is the result of society's capacity to organize resources to meet challenges and opportunities. Society passes through well-defined stages in the course of its development. They are nomadic hunting and gathering, rural agrarian, urban, commercial, industrial, and post-industrial societies. Pioneers introduce new ideas, practices, and habits that conservative elements initially resist. At a later stage, innovations are accepted, imitated, organized, and used by other members of the community. Organizational improvements introduced to support the innovations can take place simultaneously at four different levels—physical, social, mental, and psychological. Moreover four different types of resources are involved in promoting development. Of these four, physical resources are most visible, but least capable of expansion. Productivity of resources increases enormously as the quality of organization and level of knowledge inputs rise.Development pace and scope varies according to the stage society is in. The three main stages are physical, vital (vital refers to the dynamic and nervous social energies of humanity that propel individuals to accomplish), and mental.
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