Development Economics Tests - HL Study Guide File
... common characteristics (noting that it is dangerous to generalize as there are many exceptions in each case), including: low levels of GDP per capita high levels of poverty relatively large agricultural sectors large urban informal sectors and high birth rates Explain that in some countries ...
... common characteristics (noting that it is dangerous to generalize as there are many exceptions in each case), including: low levels of GDP per capita high levels of poverty relatively large agricultural sectors large urban informal sectors and high birth rates Explain that in some countries ...
D. LEVY - CEPREMAP
... There was two strands of determinants in which the country played a central role for quite distinct reasons. The fact that the crisis originated in the United States is telling of its inner mechanisms. A first category of determinants can be broadly classified under the general heading of "financia ...
... There was two strands of determinants in which the country played a central role for quite distinct reasons. The fact that the crisis originated in the United States is telling of its inner mechanisms. A first category of determinants can be broadly classified under the general heading of "financia ...
Since the 1957 issue,
... Another key challenge for the Asia-Pacific region is volatile and high commodity prices, which are likely to become the “new normal” of the global economy. The commodity boom presents risks as well as opportunities. Price shifts will change incentives, but the cautionary message is that less-develop ...
... Another key challenge for the Asia-Pacific region is volatile and high commodity prices, which are likely to become the “new normal” of the global economy. The commodity boom presents risks as well as opportunities. Price shifts will change incentives, but the cautionary message is that less-develop ...
Unemployment rate - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Unemployment trended upward between 1969 and 1982, and trended ...
... Unemployment trended upward between 1969 and 1982, and trended ...
On the definition of a recession
... of economic activity. Real GDP rose substantially after November 2001. However, this growth in real GDP resulted entirely from productivity growth for an extended period. As a result, the growth in real GDP was accompanied by falling employment. Unemployment rose because of falling employment and be ...
... of economic activity. Real GDP rose substantially after November 2001. However, this growth in real GDP resulted entirely from productivity growth for an extended period. As a result, the growth in real GDP was accompanied by falling employment. Unemployment rose because of falling employment and be ...
NIIRTA Submission to Review of Economic Development
... For a small region of just over 1.7million many in the business and broader civic society believe that we have too many Government Departments which make it harder to get effective policy co-ordination. For instance we have three departments (DSD, DOE & DRD) that are responsible for planning, two fo ...
... For a small region of just over 1.7million many in the business and broader civic society believe that we have too many Government Departments which make it harder to get effective policy co-ordination. For instance we have three departments (DSD, DOE & DRD) that are responsible for planning, two fo ...
David suggestion: «Is Dutch Disease Responsible for Russia`s
... to investigate the “Dutch disease” effect in the experience of three developed countries: the Netherlands (1967-1989), Norway (1976-1989) and the United Kingdom (1976-1989). Common to these three countries is the large role of petroleum or natural gas energy sector in their economies. The vast Sloch ...
... to investigate the “Dutch disease” effect in the experience of three developed countries: the Netherlands (1967-1989), Norway (1976-1989) and the United Kingdom (1976-1989). Common to these three countries is the large role of petroleum or natural gas energy sector in their economies. The vast Sloch ...
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... mitted by trade due to the fall of commodity prices 2010, respectively, but now revised to USD 50.4 bil(mineral and non-mineral) and plummeting lion and USD 55.3 billion. The current account baldemand from developed countries. This is well ance is also expected to dip into deficit in the shown by th ...
... mitted by trade due to the fall of commodity prices 2010, respectively, but now revised to USD 50.4 bil(mineral and non-mineral) and plummeting lion and USD 55.3 billion. The current account baldemand from developed countries. This is well ance is also expected to dip into deficit in the shown by th ...
PerkinsEcoDev6eCH04
... • It is an improvement over Harrod-Domar Fixed coefficient model • With neo-classical production function it allows for substitution between inputs • Provides good insights about the relationship between role of technology and innovation on growth • Limitations: One sector approach, factors that dri ...
... • It is an improvement over Harrod-Domar Fixed coefficient model • With neo-classical production function it allows for substitution between inputs • Provides good insights about the relationship between role of technology and innovation on growth • Limitations: One sector approach, factors that dri ...
Fertility and mortality
... force attachment of prime-aged workers, as this group constitutes about 70 per cent of the total labour force, with the remainder comprising of older and younger workers. As a result, increasing the participation rates of groups with lower participation rates, such as older workers, would have only ...
... force attachment of prime-aged workers, as this group constitutes about 70 per cent of the total labour force, with the remainder comprising of older and younger workers. As a result, increasing the participation rates of groups with lower participation rates, such as older workers, would have only ...
Real convergence of the Czech Republic based on the Solow model of economic growth:
... of the countries disposes of the educational system of the same quality and with this it’s related to the special qualification of labour. These factors influence the production function of the country, which will be the country with quality human capital at a higher level. Furthermore the exogenous ...
... of the countries disposes of the educational system of the same quality and with this it’s related to the special qualification of labour. These factors influence the production function of the country, which will be the country with quality human capital at a higher level. Furthermore the exogenous ...
Simultaneous equation systems in macroeconomic
... in the ‘Keynesian Cross’ model was exogenous, becomes an endogenous variable, since it depends on r which is now, itself, determined endogenously within the model. Thus whether a variable is endogenous or exogenous does not depend on what that variable is, rather it depends upon the nature of the mo ...
... in the ‘Keynesian Cross’ model was exogenous, becomes an endogenous variable, since it depends on r which is now, itself, determined endogenously within the model. Thus whether a variable is endogenous or exogenous does not depend on what that variable is, rather it depends upon the nature of the mo ...
the press release
... standing in the way of a return to normal monetary policy.” In contrast to the public sector, the private sector took the last few years as an opportunity to whittle down its debt level. Relative to economic output, private debt in the eurozone has dropped significantly - 16 percentage points since ...
... standing in the way of a return to normal monetary policy.” In contrast to the public sector, the private sector took the last few years as an opportunity to whittle down its debt level. Relative to economic output, private debt in the eurozone has dropped significantly - 16 percentage points since ...
"Reading Legitimation Crisis during the Meltdown." Keynote
... about the political or economic structures of their society. A "motivation crisis" occurs when motivational patterns important for the functioning of the system break down. As a striking illustration of these various crisis tendencies, consider a world-historic example that occurred more than a quar ...
... about the political or economic structures of their society. A "motivation crisis" occurs when motivational patterns important for the functioning of the system break down. As a striking illustration of these various crisis tendencies, consider a world-historic example that occurred more than a quar ...
6. Rolling the hoop .Banks will take a long time to recover. So will
... in the country, the “Golden State” is cutting spending on schools, prisons and health care for the elderly, as well as closing parks and laying off staff for three days a month. It will pay its workers a day late at the end of the fiscal year so that the expense will show up in next year’s budget. F ...
... in the country, the “Golden State” is cutting spending on schools, prisons and health care for the elderly, as well as closing parks and laying off staff for three days a month. It will pay its workers a day late at the end of the fiscal year so that the expense will show up in next year’s budget. F ...
Managerial Economics - Amazon Web Services
... – Financial crises in USA but still high growth/employment – 1973: major financial crisis in period of high employment: • Income distribution (high wages) and raw materials (high prices) driven inflation • “Stagflation”: first major post WWII financial crisis ...
... – Financial crises in USA but still high growth/employment – 1973: major financial crisis in period of high employment: • Income distribution (high wages) and raw materials (high prices) driven inflation • “Stagflation”: first major post WWII financial crisis ...
Macroeconomics
... • In an ideal labor market, wages would adjust to balance the supply and demand for labor, ensuring that all workers would be fully employed. • Frictional unemployment refers to the unemployment that results from the time that it takes to match workers with jobs. In other words, it takes time for wo ...
... • In an ideal labor market, wages would adjust to balance the supply and demand for labor, ensuring that all workers would be fully employed. • Frictional unemployment refers to the unemployment that results from the time that it takes to match workers with jobs. In other words, it takes time for wo ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).