Symmetric Input-Output Tables and Quality Standards for
... Plans for improvements In 2007 the following will be published: • Integrated accounts for all institutional sectors down to capital account • Cross classification of gross value added by industries and institutional sectors • QNA also expenditures (curr./const) • Annual supply and use tables • Impl ...
... Plans for improvements In 2007 the following will be published: • Integrated accounts for all institutional sectors down to capital account • Cross classification of gross value added by industries and institutional sectors • QNA also expenditures (curr./const) • Annual supply and use tables • Impl ...
Cyclically Adjusted Fiscal Balance – OECD and ESCB Methods
... tax based on the proportionality assumption of corporate income and output. The proportionality assumption implies that the tax elasticity is equal to the elasticity of the tax base (corporate income, i.e. profits) with respect to output. If output rises, employment changes in the same direction an ...
... tax based on the proportionality assumption of corporate income and output. The proportionality assumption implies that the tax elasticity is equal to the elasticity of the tax base (corporate income, i.e. profits) with respect to output. If output rises, employment changes in the same direction an ...
kadochnikov ge08 6483571 en
... structure of the final goods sector (FDI importing sector) is represented by a local monopoly (case without foreign company) or Cournot oligopoly (case with FDI), and the intermediate goods sector is represented by a monopoly. In this model the coming of multinational corporations to the final goods ...
... structure of the final goods sector (FDI importing sector) is represented by a local monopoly (case without foreign company) or Cournot oligopoly (case with FDI), and the intermediate goods sector is represented by a monopoly. In this model the coming of multinational corporations to the final goods ...
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... simplicity, we will consider an economy that produces only one good. Output is produced with a well-behaved neoclassical production function with positive and strictly diminishing marginal product of physical capital. The Inada conditions assure that the marginal products of both capital and labor a ...
... simplicity, we will consider an economy that produces only one good. Output is produced with a well-behaved neoclassical production function with positive and strictly diminishing marginal product of physical capital. The Inada conditions assure that the marginal products of both capital and labor a ...
Myanmar - INTRA Mekong
... 1. Formulating SMEs Master and Action Plan and SMEs related laws and regulations 2. Taking charge of SMEs promotional activities that have yet to be implemented by other offices 3. Establishing international network and serving as SMEs advocacy in both local and international arena 4. Providing supp ...
... 1. Formulating SMEs Master and Action Plan and SMEs related laws and regulations 2. Taking charge of SMEs promotional activities that have yet to be implemented by other offices 3. Establishing international network and serving as SMEs advocacy in both local and international arena 4. Providing supp ...
Melbourne Institute: Home
... unemployment benefits, government regulation and minimum wage laws). Many economists believe that these and other structural factors fail to account for the magnitude of increased actual and equilibrium rates of unemployment in recent times. Thus, the idea has arisen that the natural rate may depend ...
... unemployment benefits, government regulation and minimum wage laws). Many economists believe that these and other structural factors fail to account for the magnitude of increased actual and equilibrium rates of unemployment in recent times. Thus, the idea has arisen that the natural rate may depend ...
Living Standards During Previous Recessions
... appears to have started in later 1992. We thus treat the early 1990s recession as lasting from 1990 to 1992. It should also be noted that the reductions in real GDP are a lot smaller than those observed during the previous two recessions. Panel d shows the current, ongoing UK recession. The economy ...
... appears to have started in later 1992. We thus treat the early 1990s recession as lasting from 1990 to 1992. It should also be noted that the reductions in real GDP are a lot smaller than those observed during the previous two recessions. Panel d shows the current, ongoing UK recession. The economy ...
Real Unit Labour Costs in Eurozone Countries: Drivers and
... be decomposed. These are real wages, capital intensity, and technology, the latter two being the drivers of labour productivity and economic growth. For the clusters to be examined, we first decompose the RULCs into these three components and compute their simulated trajectories when either one or t ...
... be decomposed. These are real wages, capital intensity, and technology, the latter two being the drivers of labour productivity and economic growth. For the clusters to be examined, we first decompose the RULCs into these three components and compute their simulated trajectories when either one or t ...
6The Short-run Model for the Closed Economy
... rule must be positive.4 Otherwise falling inflation will cause the real interest rate to rise, exacerbating the initial recession. The stronger monetary policy reacts to falling inflation (the greater the value of h), the flatter is the aggregate demand curve, and the faster is the convergence of o ...
... rule must be positive.4 Otherwise falling inflation will cause the real interest rate to rise, exacerbating the initial recession. The stronger monetary policy reacts to falling inflation (the greater the value of h), the flatter is the aggregate demand curve, and the faster is the convergence of o ...
TRYM - Treasury archive
... The structure of the TRYM model, while being much more complex, has similarities to that of Figure 1. It broadly identifies three decision units (the household sector, the business sector and the government sector) and three markets (the goods market and its sub-components, the labour market and the ...
... The structure of the TRYM model, while being much more complex, has similarities to that of Figure 1. It broadly identifies three decision units (the household sector, the business sector and the government sector) and three markets (the goods market and its sub-components, the labour market and the ...
The Effect of Monetary Policy on Private Sector Investment in Kenya
... (2001). Thus monetary policy that facilitates credit to private sector investment encourages the growth of private investment whilst tight monetary policy that restricts credit to businesses discourages private sector growth. Hare and Fofie (2009) posit that countries who only invest 5- 10 percent o ...
... (2001). Thus monetary policy that facilitates credit to private sector investment encourages the growth of private investment whilst tight monetary policy that restricts credit to businesses discourages private sector growth. Hare and Fofie (2009) posit that countries who only invest 5- 10 percent o ...
Chapter 01 Globalization
... 54. The reduction in the average tariff rates on manufactured products since 1950 implies all of the following except that A. firms are dispersing parts of their production process to global locations to drive down production costs and increase product quality. B. the economies of the world's nation ...
... 54. The reduction in the average tariff rates on manufactured products since 1950 implies all of the following except that A. firms are dispersing parts of their production process to global locations to drive down production costs and increase product quality. B. the economies of the world's nation ...
the significance of global resource availability to swiss
... natural resources to Switzerland, as a business location, is examined from both a biophysical and an economic perspective. The study is intended as an input paper for the "Dialogue on Sustainable Development in Switzerland" event on September 16th 2014. With this in mind, it does not constitute a co ...
... natural resources to Switzerland, as a business location, is examined from both a biophysical and an economic perspective. The study is intended as an input paper for the "Dialogue on Sustainable Development in Switzerland" event on September 16th 2014. With this in mind, it does not constitute a co ...
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... road, in 1991, Egypt signed agreements with the IMF and the World Bank to receive external funding and aid. It is important to note that foreign aid resulted in economic growth in Egypt. Along with growth in industrialization and the manufacturing sector, the role of the dominating ...
... road, in 1991, Egypt signed agreements with the IMF and the World Bank to receive external funding and aid. It is important to note that foreign aid resulted in economic growth in Egypt. Along with growth in industrialization and the manufacturing sector, the role of the dominating ...
Fertility determinants and economic uncertainty: an assessment
... of children at least in those countries that have succeeded in minimizing the incurred costs of childbearing and work. Moreover, when women are provided with opportunities nearly equivalent to those of men, such as in market employment and in education, but these opportunities are severely curtailed ...
... of children at least in those countries that have succeeded in minimizing the incurred costs of childbearing and work. Moreover, when women are provided with opportunities nearly equivalent to those of men, such as in market employment and in education, but these opportunities are severely curtailed ...
The State of Public Finances: Outlook and Medium-Term Policies
... asset prices have also had adverse effects on funded components of pension systems, with potentially significant risks for public accounts over the next few years. While fiscal balances are expected to improve over the medium term, they will remain weaker than before the crisis. Public debt-to-GDP r ...
... asset prices have also had adverse effects on funded components of pension systems, with potentially significant risks for public accounts over the next few years. While fiscal balances are expected to improve over the medium term, they will remain weaker than before the crisis. Public debt-to-GDP r ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).