Impact of the Expanding Thar Desert
... on the energy and water balance: (i) an increase in surface albedo and (ii) a decrease in surface roughness. An increase in albedo leads to less solar radiation absorbed by the ground (thus surface cooling) and to a net radiation decrease at the top of the atmosphere, which induces compensating subs ...
... on the energy and water balance: (i) an increase in surface albedo and (ii) a decrease in surface roughness. An increase in albedo leads to less solar radiation absorbed by the ground (thus surface cooling) and to a net radiation decrease at the top of the atmosphere, which induces compensating subs ...
Relative impacts of land use and climate change on summer
... The k-means clustering algorithm was set to use 12 clusters, repeated 1000 times, and the best, stable, solution is used. A cluster with higher than mean precipitation was selected (see Fig. 2), since sufficient precipitation is needed to investigate the response to alternative land use maps. Total ...
... The k-means clustering algorithm was set to use 12 clusters, repeated 1000 times, and the best, stable, solution is used. A cluster with higher than mean precipitation was selected (see Fig. 2), since sufficient precipitation is needed to investigate the response to alternative land use maps. Total ...
Integrated Assessment Modelling and Analysis Study Tour Workshop, Canberra 12
... Further Impacts of Climate Change • Crisis can spread to entire economy through rising food cost. • Crisis can change production and consumption patterns. • Not all countries are equally impacted. • Food production moves from less productive regions to less productive. • Food consumption shifts fro ...
... Further Impacts of Climate Change • Crisis can spread to entire economy through rising food cost. • Crisis can change production and consumption patterns. • Not all countries are equally impacted. • Food production moves from less productive regions to less productive. • Food consumption shifts fro ...
Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Area
... The potential decrease in salinity projected in some of the simulations would have a direct influence on the composition and distribution of species in the Baltic Sea, particularly for plankton and zoobenthos. The zooplankton species composition, in turn, has an influence on their predators, plankti ...
... The potential decrease in salinity projected in some of the simulations would have a direct influence on the composition and distribution of species in the Baltic Sea, particularly for plankton and zoobenthos. The zooplankton species composition, in turn, has an influence on their predators, plankti ...
Full-Text PDF
... Academic Editor: Vincenzo Torretta Received: 14 August 2014 / Accepted: 30 January 2015 / Published: 10 February 2015 ...
... Academic Editor: Vincenzo Torretta Received: 14 August 2014 / Accepted: 30 January 2015 / Published: 10 February 2015 ...
LCCARL399_en.pdf
... Anomaly of annual precipitation, the Bahamas, 1961-2000 ............................................... 25 Anomaly of annual precipitation, Antigua and Barbuda, 1970-2000 .................................. 25 Anomaly of annual precipitation, Saint Kitts and Nevis, 1961-2000 ......................... ...
... Anomaly of annual precipitation, the Bahamas, 1961-2000 ............................................... 25 Anomaly of annual precipitation, Antigua and Barbuda, 1970-2000 .................................. 25 Anomaly of annual precipitation, Saint Kitts and Nevis, 1961-2000 ......................... ...
Sociological Perspectives on Global Climate Change
... Arlington, Virginia. The workshop was funded by an NSF grant from the Sociology Program to Drs. Joane Nagel, University of Kansas; Jeffrey Broadbent, University of Minnesota; and Thomas Dietz, Michigan State University. The purpose of the workshop was threefold: identify ways to 1) increase sociolog ...
... Arlington, Virginia. The workshop was funded by an NSF grant from the Sociology Program to Drs. Joane Nagel, University of Kansas; Jeffrey Broadbent, University of Minnesota; and Thomas Dietz, Michigan State University. The purpose of the workshop was threefold: identify ways to 1) increase sociolog ...
COMMENTS OF CALIFORNIA ATTORNEY EDMUND G. BROWN
... first 20 years of the Act, EPA valued the total monetized health benefits achieved by regulation through 1990 at $22.2 trillion and the total compliance costs over the same years at $0.5 trillion. EPA correctly concluded that “[t]he resulting net monetary benefits of $21.7 trillion make the CAA one ...
... first 20 years of the Act, EPA valued the total monetized health benefits achieved by regulation through 1990 at $22.2 trillion and the total compliance costs over the same years at $0.5 trillion. EPA correctly concluded that “[t]he resulting net monetary benefits of $21.7 trillion make the CAA one ...
Israel`s Second National Communication on Climate
... conducted studies on greenhouse gas mitigation, constructed a carbon abatement cost curve, prepared an initial adaptation assessment, and launched a voluntary registry for greenhouse gas emissions accounting and reporting. Israel is a small, densely populated country characterized by an expanding po ...
... conducted studies on greenhouse gas mitigation, constructed a carbon abatement cost curve, prepared an initial adaptation assessment, and launched a voluntary registry for greenhouse gas emissions accounting and reporting. Israel is a small, densely populated country characterized by an expanding po ...
CLIMATE CHANGE, MIGRATION, AND THE PUGET SOUND REGION
... Warming is already driving change Global climate change is not a future phenomenon but an active process that is currently underway. Warming of the earth’s surface since the pre-industrial era is well-documented and has resulted in losses in snow and ice, sea level rise, and, in some regions, shifts ...
... Warming is already driving change Global climate change is not a future phenomenon but an active process that is currently underway. Warming of the earth’s surface since the pre-industrial era is well-documented and has resulted in losses in snow and ice, sea level rise, and, in some regions, shifts ...
Antarctic Penguin Response to Habitat Change
... CO2 scenarios extrapolated to the year 2100, this paper assesses the responses of Adélie and Emperor penguin — size and distribution — to projected Southern Ocean changes when Earth’s average tropospheric temperature reaches 2oC above pre-industrial levels (approximately the year 1860). On the basis ...
... CO2 scenarios extrapolated to the year 2100, this paper assesses the responses of Adélie and Emperor penguin — size and distribution — to projected Southern Ocean changes when Earth’s average tropospheric temperature reaches 2oC above pre-industrial levels (approximately the year 1860). On the basis ...
Assessing the Impacts of Land Cover Change on
... The thesis begins by providing a theoretical framework of land-atmosphere interactions. It then reviews the process of land use and land cover change and subsequent climatic consequences in non-Amazonian South America and identifies those ecosystems most affected and least studied. The review highli ...
... The thesis begins by providing a theoretical framework of land-atmosphere interactions. It then reviews the process of land use and land cover change and subsequent climatic consequences in non-Amazonian South America and identifies those ecosystems most affected and least studied. The review highli ...
climate change adaptation plan
... from Hurricane Sandy and other recent disasters, as well as the Department’s work to execute the President’s Climate Action Plan greatly influenced this plan. On October 5, 2009, the President issued Executive Order 13514 (EO 13514), which required Federal agencies to evaluate climate change risks a ...
... from Hurricane Sandy and other recent disasters, as well as the Department’s work to execute the President’s Climate Action Plan greatly influenced this plan. On October 5, 2009, the President issued Executive Order 13514 (EO 13514), which required Federal agencies to evaluate climate change risks a ...
Exceptional twentieth-century slowdown in Atlantic Ocean
... that this region near Greenland is anomalous in being colder during the modern reference period (1961–1990) than even in the Little Ice Age (LIA). The AMOC index (blue curve) indicates a steady AMOC, with modest changes until the beginning of the twentieth century. There is indication of a maximum i ...
... that this region near Greenland is anomalous in being colder during the modern reference period (1961–1990) than even in the Little Ice Age (LIA). The AMOC index (blue curve) indicates a steady AMOC, with modest changes until the beginning of the twentieth century. There is indication of a maximum i ...
A review of Uganda`s national policies relevant to climate change
... integrates interventions from forestry, agriculture, wildlife, and many other sectors, rather than allowing them to persist in their separate silos. ...
... integrates interventions from forestry, agriculture, wildlife, and many other sectors, rather than allowing them to persist in their separate silos. ...
Interdependency of tropical marine ecosystems in
... such as sediment accretion and reef growth. To examine the effect of ecosystem specific response to SLR on the likelihood of seagrass occurring, we factored in habitat specific accretion to modify the bathymetry concurrently with SLR. From this point onwards, for computational efficiency, we used on ...
... such as sediment accretion and reef growth. To examine the effect of ecosystem specific response to SLR on the likelihood of seagrass occurring, we factored in habitat specific accretion to modify the bathymetry concurrently with SLR. From this point onwards, for computational efficiency, we used on ...
Ice Age DA - GDI - 2011
... than anything warming may do. There are many more people now and we have become dependent on a few temperate agricultural areas, especially in the US and Canada. Global warming would increase agricultural output, but global cooling will decrease it. Millions will starve if we do nothing to prepare f ...
... than anything warming may do. There are many more people now and we have become dependent on a few temperate agricultural areas, especially in the US and Canada. Global warming would increase agricultural output, but global cooling will decrease it. Millions will starve if we do nothing to prepare f ...
National Parks In Peril - Rocky Mountain Climate Organization
... More downpours and flooding are occurring everywhere, as a changing climate already is leading to more precipitation coming in heavy storms. The forecast is for the heaviest precipitation events to continue getting stronger, causing erosion and flooding that threatens resources in virtually all par ...
... More downpours and flooding are occurring everywhere, as a changing climate already is leading to more precipitation coming in heavy storms. The forecast is for the heaviest precipitation events to continue getting stronger, causing erosion and flooding that threatens resources in virtually all par ...
The colour of climate: changes in peat
... the hummock/hollow complexes could be stationary for long periods of time, and he concluded that the growth of a bog is to a large extent controlled by climate. Barber (1981) concluded that different thresholds could influence regional as well as local variations in bog growth, but factors such as hy ...
... the hummock/hollow complexes could be stationary for long periods of time, and he concluded that the growth of a bog is to a large extent controlled by climate. Barber (1981) concluded that different thresholds could influence regional as well as local variations in bog growth, but factors such as hy ...
Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration
... results and impacts of albedo modification to help inform such decisions. These approaches are discussed in the second volume. The Committee’s very different posture concerning the currently known risks of carbon dioxide removal as compared with albedo modification was a primary motivation for separ ...
... results and impacts of albedo modification to help inform such decisions. These approaches are discussed in the second volume. The Committee’s very different posture concerning the currently known risks of carbon dioxide removal as compared with albedo modification was a primary motivation for separ ...
Climate feedback efficiency and synergy - MPG.PuRe - Max
... resulting cloud feedback mechanism was later to become rationalized as the fixed anvil temperature (FAT) hypothesis (Hartmann and Larson 2002), and it has come to be one of the more robust cloud responses across models (Zelinka and Hartmann 2010). Hall and Manabe (1999) locked the water vapor in a c ...
... resulting cloud feedback mechanism was later to become rationalized as the fixed anvil temperature (FAT) hypothesis (Hartmann and Larson 2002), and it has come to be one of the more robust cloud responses across models (Zelinka and Hartmann 2010). Hall and Manabe (1999) locked the water vapor in a c ...
Climate, Community and Biodiversity Project Design Standards SECOND EDITION
... Appendix A Potential Tools & Strategies....................................................................... 36 Appendix B Glossary..................................................................................................... 46 ...
... Appendix A Potential Tools & Strategies....................................................................... 36 Appendix B Glossary..................................................................................................... 46 ...
A Grand Bargain on Energy Subsidies
... support is through purchase obligations for domestic industries to buy certain amounts of German coal. Until recently, this subsidy was financed through a coal levy on electricity consumers (“Kohlepfennig"). Over the years, the costs have increased to $US7.5 billion a year. In addition, German coal ...
... support is through purchase obligations for domestic industries to buy certain amounts of German coal. Until recently, this subsidy was financed through a coal levy on electricity consumers (“Kohlepfennig"). Over the years, the costs have increased to $US7.5 billion a year. In addition, German coal ...