Modeling climate mitigation and adaptation policies to predict their effectiveness: The limits of randomized controlled trials: Working Paper 120 (327 kB) (opens in new window)
... proposed. The difficulties we will discuss are shared with other kinds of social and economic policies, but they can be particularly problematic for climate change policies, as we will show below. Policies for addressing climate change are commonly divided into two categories, mitigation and adaptat ...
... proposed. The difficulties we will discuss are shared with other kinds of social and economic policies, but they can be particularly problematic for climate change policies, as we will show below. Policies for addressing climate change are commonly divided into two categories, mitigation and adaptat ...
Marine climate change impacts
... This Report Card starts by showing the degree to which climate change is accounted for in marine biodiversity related legislation. An up-to-date analysis of the UK marine protected area network is then provided. This analysis sets the scene for a fuller discussion on how features in the network coul ...
... This Report Card starts by showing the degree to which climate change is accounted for in marine biodiversity related legislation. An up-to-date analysis of the UK marine protected area network is then provided. This analysis sets the scene for a fuller discussion on how features in the network coul ...
Climate Change and its Health Implications
... a forest of new or forthcoming regulations. The evidence for climate change and the contribution to this change from human activities is now substantial, yet there is a continuing debate about what to do about it. The timescales are vast and well outside normal planning preparations. Also, predictin ...
... a forest of new or forthcoming regulations. The evidence for climate change and the contribution to this change from human activities is now substantial, yet there is a continuing debate about what to do about it. The timescales are vast and well outside normal planning preparations. Also, predictin ...
The Great Barrier Reef, UNESCO and the Australian government
... calculations of carbon emissions.30 ...
... calculations of carbon emissions.30 ...
Rainfall has an effect on the length of the boab`s (Adansonia gregorii
... agreed to be caused by human activity, i.e. the greenhouse effect (IPCC 2007).The impact that climate change is having on rainfall is more unpredictable than most other weather patterns as the trends in rainfall include changes in distribution as well as abundance (Trenberth 1998). The increased gl ...
... agreed to be caused by human activity, i.e. the greenhouse effect (IPCC 2007).The impact that climate change is having on rainfall is more unpredictable than most other weather patterns as the trends in rainfall include changes in distribution as well as abundance (Trenberth 1998). The increased gl ...
A Perspective of the Division of Labor
... is defined as the climate change damage that is avoided. This is a problematic definition because it excludes the possibility that mitigation might drive the economy into a more competitive structure with a utility level even higher than in a utility without climate change scenario (see details in Z ...
... is defined as the climate change damage that is avoided. This is a problematic definition because it excludes the possibility that mitigation might drive the economy into a more competitive structure with a utility level even higher than in a utility without climate change scenario (see details in Z ...
Climate change and its impacts on Kazakhstan`s human development
... markets, but also because over this period an important point has been reached: the consolidation of the nation and its people, tolerance and respect for people of different religions, racial and ethnic backgrounds. Kazakhstan has succeeded in a short time in overcoming difficult years and in establ ...
... markets, but also because over this period an important point has been reached: the consolidation of the nation and its people, tolerance and respect for people of different religions, racial and ethnic backgrounds. Kazakhstan has succeeded in a short time in overcoming difficult years and in establ ...
Conserving Freshwater and Coastal Resources in a Changing Climate
... Suitable habitat for 57 species of cold-water fish has been projected to decline up to 36% in U.S. rivers if air temperatures rise by 4°C. River and stream ecosystems will likely have changes in low and high flows, increased drought, flooding, and an increase in water temperature. This will likely c ...
... Suitable habitat for 57 species of cold-water fish has been projected to decline up to 36% in U.S. rivers if air temperatures rise by 4°C. River and stream ecosystems will likely have changes in low and high flows, increased drought, flooding, and an increase in water temperature. This will likely c ...
Chapter 17 CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE COURTS: JURISDICTION
... and has become perhaps an even higher hurdle than observers would have expected before Massachusetts. Section II explores these issues. Several courts, particularly in the context of public nuisance claims, have also wrestled with whether the scale and complexity of climate change make courts suitab ...
... and has become perhaps an even higher hurdle than observers would have expected before Massachusetts. Section II explores these issues. Several courts, particularly in the context of public nuisance claims, have also wrestled with whether the scale and complexity of climate change make courts suitab ...
Policy Briefings SUMERNET Research Projects Phase 2 (2010–2013) Sustainable Mekong Research Network
... of poor households have tended to be subsistence based with illegal logging of timber and wood, and forest slash and burn/encroachment for agricultural cultivation the dominant practice, and the leading cause of the deforestation that is occurring widely in Vietnam. Forests play a critical role in s ...
... of poor households have tended to be subsistence based with illegal logging of timber and wood, and forest slash and burn/encroachment for agricultural cultivation the dominant practice, and the leading cause of the deforestation that is occurring widely in Vietnam. Forests play a critical role in s ...
factsheet - Australian Embassy
... Internationally we are working constructively towards a new global climate change agreement that involves all countries and by pledging $200 million to the Green Climate Fund. Domestically we are meeting our 2020 emissions reduction targets and will mitigate climate change through the new $2.55 bill ...
... Internationally we are working constructively towards a new global climate change agreement that involves all countries and by pledging $200 million to the Green Climate Fund. Domestically we are meeting our 2020 emissions reduction targets and will mitigate climate change through the new $2.55 bill ...
Using species distribution models to effectively conserve biodiversity
... century, for instance, species’ phenological timing for critical biological processes, like flowering period, have begun to occur earlier in the year (Walther et al. 2002; Root et al. 2003; Root and Hughes 2005), and many species appear to be tracking toward the poles (Parmesan et al. 1999; Hill et ...
... century, for instance, species’ phenological timing for critical biological processes, like flowering period, have begun to occur earlier in the year (Walther et al. 2002; Root et al. 2003; Root and Hughes 2005), and many species appear to be tracking toward the poles (Parmesan et al. 1999; Hill et ...
climate of the arctic marine environment
... The Arctic marine environment has shown changes over the past several decades, and these changes are part of a broader global warming that exceeds the range of natural variability over the past 1000 years. Record minima of sea ice coverage during the past few summers and increased melt from Greenlan ...
... The Arctic marine environment has shown changes over the past several decades, and these changes are part of a broader global warming that exceeds the range of natural variability over the past 1000 years. Record minima of sea ice coverage during the past few summers and increased melt from Greenlan ...
Tilburg University Climate change adaptation
... successful so that ecosystems, food production, and the economy are more or less automatically kept as they were before. Fifteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sounded the alarm bell. Adaptation is necessary to address impacts resulting from the warming which is al ...
... successful so that ecosystems, food production, and the economy are more or less automatically kept as they were before. Fifteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sounded the alarm bell. Adaptation is necessary to address impacts resulting from the warming which is al ...
Lakes as sentinels and integrators for the effects of climate change
... occur due to warming induced by greenhouse gases. Longterm trends in lake levels and stream flows are therefore very important integrators of variation in water balances and sentinels of impending water scarcity. Taken together, physical studies indicate a bleak future for Canadian freshwater suppli ...
... occur due to warming induced by greenhouse gases. Longterm trends in lake levels and stream flows are therefore very important integrators of variation in water balances and sentinels of impending water scarcity. Taken together, physical studies indicate a bleak future for Canadian freshwater suppli ...
Time to Evolve? Potential Evolutionary Responses of Fraser River
... suboptimal temperatures or flows is to shift their migration timing. Adult upriver migration timing is thought to be strongly heritable and evolutionarily labile in this species [28,29], although variation within and across populations is to some degree also associated with direct environmental (rat ...
... suboptimal temperatures or flows is to shift their migration timing. Adult upriver migration timing is thought to be strongly heritable and evolutionarily labile in this species [28,29], although variation within and across populations is to some degree also associated with direct environmental (rat ...
Unit: Paleoclimatology: Climate Discovery Teacher`s Guide
... • Ask students to brainstorm what other aspects or characteristics of the weather might influence temperature (such as cloudiness, precipitation, and wind). Students will collect data about these factors too. • Introduce students to the thermometer. Explain that each day a different pair of students ...
... • Ask students to brainstorm what other aspects or characteristics of the weather might influence temperature (such as cloudiness, precipitation, and wind). Students will collect data about these factors too. • Introduce students to the thermometer. Explain that each day a different pair of students ...
Key factors governing uncertainty in the response to sunshade
... results of different studies was difficult. The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) has proposed a set of standard experiments and output to make such comparisons easier [Kravitz et al., 2011], building on the work done for the Climate Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) [Taylor ...
... results of different studies was difficult. The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) has proposed a set of standard experiments and output to make such comparisons easier [Kravitz et al., 2011], building on the work done for the Climate Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) [Taylor ...
Climate change impacts on the burden of Ross River virus disease
... subsequent human disease varies widely between tropical, temperate and semi-arid regions, as well as between inland and coastal areas. The impacts of changing climate on the burden of Ross River virus disease are difficult to predict at the broad-scale and need to be researched at the regional-level ...
... subsequent human disease varies widely between tropical, temperate and semi-arid regions, as well as between inland and coastal areas. The impacts of changing climate on the burden of Ross River virus disease are difficult to predict at the broad-scale and need to be researched at the regional-level ...
The International and Domestic Law of Climate Change: A Binding
... is widespread. The current reality, however, is largely underappreciated and considerably more nuanced, both in terms of the substance of U.S. domestic action and its engagement with international processes. Unusual if not unique attributes of the United States’ domestic political, legal, and consti ...
... is widespread. The current reality, however, is largely underappreciated and considerably more nuanced, both in terms of the substance of U.S. domestic action and its engagement with international processes. Unusual if not unique attributes of the United States’ domestic political, legal, and consti ...
Beyond the ABC: climate change policy and theories of social change
... simply a matter of politics (on which more below). As hinted at already, the lexicon of ABC does not contain within it the terms and concepts required to discuss or debate significant societal transformation. While there is a recognised need to make “major changes in the way we meet our needs and as ...
... simply a matter of politics (on which more below). As hinted at already, the lexicon of ABC does not contain within it the terms and concepts required to discuss or debate significant societal transformation. While there is a recognised need to make “major changes in the way we meet our needs and as ...
Mechanisms for millennial-scale global synchronization during the
... which mostly affect the North Atlantic region. The model is freely available from http://www.knmi.nl/onderzk/CKO/ ecbilt.html. In the standard model setup an imbalance in the global, interannual freshwater budget is compensated globally for numerical reasons. However, in our experiment the imbalance ...
... which mostly affect the North Atlantic region. The model is freely available from http://www.knmi.nl/onderzk/CKO/ ecbilt.html. In the standard model setup an imbalance in the global, interannual freshwater budget is compensated globally for numerical reasons. However, in our experiment the imbalance ...
From Risk to Return: Investing in Climate Change Adaptation
... and adaptation and water crises” as the third most significant global risk identified. In addition, the WEF lists climate change as one of the top five determinants of future Global Development. To put this into a local context, Sydney and Melbourne are both participants in the Rockefeller Foundatio ...
... and adaptation and water crises” as the third most significant global risk identified. In addition, the WEF lists climate change as one of the top five determinants of future Global Development. To put this into a local context, Sydney and Melbourne are both participants in the Rockefeller Foundatio ...