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Somatic regions Limbic These functionally distinct
Somatic regions Limbic These functionally distinct

... bundle that shows great differences in relative size in different species. Give examples. What are the fibers called and where do they originate? 8) A decussating group of axons called the brachium conjunctivum also varies greatly in size in different species. It is largest in species with the larg ...
The Phenotype of Human Obesity: The Scope of the Problem
The Phenotype of Human Obesity: The Scope of the Problem

... regularly and significantly underestimated actual energy intake by about ⫺20% on average [11]. In the context of maintaining energy balance, an inaccuracy of 20% is a truly gargantuan amount. In practical terms, this means that, except under conditions of gross over-consumption, dietary intake data ...
Weight Regulation Activity
Weight Regulation Activity

... On the surface of cells in many of the major organs, including the brain, liver, and pancreas, lie receptors that are sensitive to the presence of leptin. In the brain, some of these receptors help to transport leptin across the blood-brain barrier. Once in the hypothalamus, the leptin binds to spec ...
File carbohydrates chapter 12
File carbohydrates chapter 12

... • Sucrose has several adverse health effects. The most common is tooth decay, in which bacteria in the mouth turn sucrose into acid that attacks tooth enamel. Sucrose has a high calorie content and is also believed to cause obesity. People with diabetes mellitus need to control their intake of sucro ...
Consciousness, biology and quantum hypotheses
Consciousness, biology and quantum hypotheses

... Vestibular input is also precise but unconscious. Conscious cognition is therefore a distinct kind of brain event. Many of its features are well established, and must be accounted for by any adequate theory. No non-biological examples are known. Penrose and Hameroff have proposed that consciousness ...
Lecture Guide - TestbankCart.com
Lecture Guide - TestbankCart.com

... 1. A neuron contains charged particles called ions. When at rest, the neuron is negatively charged on the inside and positively charged on the outside. When stimulated, this reverses the charge by allowing positive sodium ions to enter the cell. This is the action potential. 2. Neurons fire in an al ...
brain –computer interface - Nexus Academic Publishers
brain –computer interface - Nexus Academic Publishers

... intracortical single-neuron recording. This feature profile and recent evidence of the high level of control with minimal training requirements shows potential for real world application for people with motor disabilities. 2.3. NON-INVASIVE BCI The easiest and least invasive method is a set of elect ...
20-Limbic
20-Limbic

... information from outside world through (e.g. vision, hearing & touch) are refined in the parietal-occipital association areas. This information then conveyed to the frontal association areas involved in planned behavior (regulation) & also to the temporal association areas, where information can rea ...
Messages from the Brain Connectivity Regarding Neural Correlates
Messages from the Brain Connectivity Regarding Neural Correlates

... zational principles of the cerebral cortex [11-16] and are applied in almost all cognitive domains [17]. They look like two sides of the same coin, since we cannot understand the brain function seeing only one aspect between these two features. Functional segregation ...
The Beautiful Brain - Weisman Art Museum
The Beautiful Brain - Weisman Art Museum

... important. The Beautiful Brain: The Drawings of Santiago Ramón y Cajal is the first museum exhibition to present and contextualize these amazing historical objects. Scientists the world over know Cajal as the father of modern neuroscience, the study of the structure and function of the brain. Cajal ...
CONTROL OF FOOD INTAKE: NEUROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS S
CONTROL OF FOOD INTAKE: NEUROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS S

... on muscular activity and body temperature regulation, a crucial problem for mammals, which must maintain a stable body temperature even in severe climatic conditions. Food that covers energetic needs is generally not constantly available. In addition, food intake behaviour is not compatible with som ...
Chapter 14:The Brain and Cranial Nerves
Chapter 14:The Brain and Cranial Nerves

... • Brain is only 2% of the adult body weight, and receives 15% of the blood – 750 mL/min. ...
Glucose transporters in the mammalian blood cells
Glucose transporters in the mammalian blood cells

... and kidneys, and was also detected in some other organs such as heart, brain, lung, testes and prostate. In the kidneys and small intestine it is localized to the brush border membrane (BBM) of proximal tubules (PT) and enterocytes, respectively (20, 24). Our detailed immunochemical data in rat kidn ...
Tryptophan-Free Diets: A Physiological Tool to Study
Tryptophan-Free Diets: A Physiological Tool to Study

... with obsessive-compulsive disorders did not significantly change their mean rating of obsession and compulsion subsequent to acute ingestion of TRP-free amino acid mixture. In patients with panic disorder, TRP depletion was not anxiogenic or panicogenic. In these cases, other neurotransmitter system ...
MSG Presentation-Jakarata Indonesia
MSG Presentation-Jakarata Indonesia

... adults. British Journal of Nutrition ; 104, 457–463 • MSG intake suppress body fat in rats (Kondo et al. 2008). ...
Tracking Whole-Brain Connectivity Dynamics in the Resting State
Tracking Whole-Brain Connectivity Dynamics in the Resting State

... signals, emergent over time scales spanning milliseconds and tens of minutes. However, investigations of intrinsic brain organization based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging have largely not taken into account the presence and potential of temporal variability, as most current a ...
Brain Facts: A Primer On The Brain And Nervous System
Brain Facts: A Primer On The Brain And Nervous System

... one twin gets the disease, the probability that the other will also ...
A PRIMER ON EEG AND RELATED MEASURES OF BRAIN ACTIVITY
A PRIMER ON EEG AND RELATED MEASURES OF BRAIN ACTIVITY

... processes. For example, between a certain brain activity and the behavioral act many events occur: Synaptic transmission, the gradual build-up of post-synaptic potentials, action potentials, and so on. These events take time, resulting in a delay between the brain activity and the behavioral act th ...
Antioxidant Enzymes in Brain Cortex of Rats
Antioxidant Enzymes in Brain Cortex of Rats

... Stress exposure influences body homeostasis, leading to different physiological responses but may also cause development of various pathological conditions. Physical and psychological stress is already known to induce sympathetic activity and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which acti ...
(fMRI) in Brain Tumour Patients
(fMRI) in Brain Tumour Patients

... found. This would indicate that areas of the brain with decreased functional connectivity are dysfunctional and may be resected without the increased risk of a postoperative neurological deficit. Similar findings were reported by Liu et al [10] and Kokkonen et al [11], demonstrating asymmetrical fun ...
A Symmetric Approach Elucidates Multisensory Information Integration
A Symmetric Approach Elucidates Multisensory Information Integration

... “unimodal multisensory neurons” [17], have been demonstrated. In addition, multisensory interactions have been reported at system levels traditionally classified as strictly unimodal: both primary and secondary sensory areas receive substantial inputs from sources that carry information about events ...
Peripheral Nervous System - cK-12
Peripheral Nervous System - cK-12

... The autonomic nervous system carries nerve impulses to internal organs. It controls activities that are not under your control, such as sweating and digesting food. The autonomic nervous system has two parts: 1. The sympathetic division controls internal organs and glands during emergencies. It prep ...
PSYB1 Biopsychology Short Qs JM09 December
PSYB1 Biopsychology Short Qs JM09 December

... Possible answer: Genotype refers to a person’s genetic make-up (AO1, 1). Phenotype refers to a person’s characteristics that are determined by genetics and the environment (AO1, 1). AO2 One mark for evidence of genotype presented in the example. One mark for evidence of phenotype presented in the ex ...
Neurosteroids: Expression of Steroidogenic Enzymes and
Neurosteroids: Expression of Steroidogenic Enzymes and

... human of two isoforms of the enzyme: type I 3b-HSD which is mainly expressed in the placenta (Luu-The et al., 1989) and type II 3b-HSD which is predominantly expressed in the adrenal gland and gonads (Rhéaume et al., 1991). Four types of 3b-HSD cDNAs (types I-IV) have been characterized in the rat ...
Review of "Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self" by John Eccles
Review of "Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self" by John Eccles

... footprints found at the Laetoli beds in Northern Tanzania that Australopithecus (A) was erect and bipedal. He also goes on to speak of human-like relationships among A; this Eccles infers from hand-holding, which is in turn inferred from the fact that the footprints in question are side-by-side. Tha ...
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Selfish brain theory

The “Selfish Brain” theory describes the characteristic of the human brain to cover its own, comparably high energy requirements with the utmost of priorities when regulating energy fluxes in the organism. The brain behaves selfishly in this respect. The ""Selfish brain"" theory amongst other things provides a possible explanation for the origin of obesity, the severe and pathological form of overweight. The Luebeck obesity and diabetes specialist Achim Peters developed the fundamentals of this theory between 1998 and 2004. The interdisciplinary “Selfish Brain: brain glucose and metabolic syndrome” research group headed by Peters and supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) at the University of Luebeck has in the meantime been able to reinforce the basics of the theory through experimental research.
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