Automated image computing reshapes computational neuroscience Open Access
... that allows researchers to share neuron reconstructions, quantify neuronal morphology in a standardized manner, mine the resulting morphological features, and use them in computational modeling and neuronal network simulation studies [11]. The digital representations of lightlevel single neurons in ...
... that allows researchers to share neuron reconstructions, quantify neuronal morphology in a standardized manner, mine the resulting morphological features, and use them in computational modeling and neuronal network simulation studies [11]. The digital representations of lightlevel single neurons in ...
Visual adaptation: Neural, psychological and computational aspects
... 2006; Nowak, Azouz, Sanchez-Vives, Gray, & McCormick, 2003). A purely static nonlinear property would not normally be regarded as adaptation rather than, say, dynamic gain control. However, it is likely that different elements of adaptation operate on different time scales, reflecting a continuum from ...
... 2006; Nowak, Azouz, Sanchez-Vives, Gray, & McCormick, 2003). A purely static nonlinear property would not normally be regarded as adaptation rather than, say, dynamic gain control. However, it is likely that different elements of adaptation operate on different time scales, reflecting a continuum from ...
Perception, Action, and Utility: The Tangled Skein
... Moreover, area LIP is a poor candidate for a purely perceptual representation of perceived state, as it is a transitional area involved not just in visual perception but also action, specifically saccade control. (Monkeys in these experiments use saccades to signal their motion judgments.) But recal ...
... Moreover, area LIP is a poor candidate for a purely perceptual representation of perceived state, as it is a transitional area involved not just in visual perception but also action, specifically saccade control. (Monkeys in these experiments use saccades to signal their motion judgments.) But recal ...
Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking
... is closely associated with the potential of an aversive outcome or punishment. Therefore, it is not surprising that some key components of this neural circuitry, e.g., the anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, and orbitofrontal cortex, were also implicated in higher order pro ...
... is closely associated with the potential of an aversive outcome or punishment. Therefore, it is not surprising that some key components of this neural circuitry, e.g., the anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, and orbitofrontal cortex, were also implicated in higher order pro ...
Theory of Mind: A Neural Prediction Problem
... dominated by error neurons (Friston, 2009; Wacongne et al., 2012; Egner et al., 2010; Keller et al., 2012; Meyer and Sauerland, 2009). The result is that the classic signature of predictive coding, reduced activity to predictable stimuli, is typically observed when averaging across large samples of ...
... dominated by error neurons (Friston, 2009; Wacongne et al., 2012; Egner et al., 2010; Keller et al., 2012; Meyer and Sauerland, 2009). The result is that the classic signature of predictive coding, reduced activity to predictable stimuli, is typically observed when averaging across large samples of ...
Cognitive Neurosciences and Strategic Management: Challenges
... benefit from that field’s theories and findings, and to add its techniques to the pool of extant management-science methods. Theories and findings from cognitive neuroscience could serve as building blocks for the study of important management issues, since it has been established that cognition and ...
... benefit from that field’s theories and findings, and to add its techniques to the pool of extant management-science methods. Theories and findings from cognitive neuroscience could serve as building blocks for the study of important management issues, since it has been established that cognition and ...
Imagery and Perception Share Cortical
... imagery engages low-level visual cortex in a topographical manner comparable to perception. In contrast, the role of highlevel ventral visual cortex in the representation of location during imagery remains unknown. Recent studies of object perception indicate that object location is represented in v ...
... imagery engages low-level visual cortex in a topographical manner comparable to perception. In contrast, the role of highlevel ventral visual cortex in the representation of location during imagery remains unknown. Recent studies of object perception indicate that object location is represented in v ...
neural mechanisms for detecting and remembering novel events
... LEARNING, reflecting many weeks of training. Familiaritydependent reductions in neural activity have also been revealed in early visual areas by two perceptual learning studies26,27. Monkeys were trained on a task that involved repeated presentation (and discrimination) of gratings of a particular o ...
... LEARNING, reflecting many weeks of training. Familiaritydependent reductions in neural activity have also been revealed in early visual areas by two perceptual learning studies26,27. Monkeys were trained on a task that involved repeated presentation (and discrimination) of gratings of a particular o ...
Dr.Kaan Yücel yeditepeanatomyfhs122.wordpress.com Pathways in
... Another function of the system; short-term memory (also emotional memory) is also important for “survival”. The limbic system works to process our emotions and is related to motivation and with its connections with the cognitive parts of the brain helps us to “use our mind” a.k.a. accomplish mental ...
... Another function of the system; short-term memory (also emotional memory) is also important for “survival”. The limbic system works to process our emotions and is related to motivation and with its connections with the cognitive parts of the brain helps us to “use our mind” a.k.a. accomplish mental ...
uncorrected page proofs
... invisible to the naked eye. You cannot see that it is densely packed with structures, systems, functions, connections and interconnections, many of which are still not fully understood. Within the brain’s tissue are roughly 86 billion individual nerve cells called neurons. Each neuron is connected t ...
... invisible to the naked eye. You cannot see that it is densely packed with structures, systems, functions, connections and interconnections, many of which are still not fully understood. Within the brain’s tissue are roughly 86 billion individual nerve cells called neurons. Each neuron is connected t ...
Connecting mirror neurons and forward models
... [20], converting the motor plan back into a predicted visual representation (a sensory outcome of action). Thus these two streams could underpin imitation, in which actions are first observed, then transformed by the inverse model into potential motor commands, and the visual consequence of these mo ...
... [20], converting the motor plan back into a predicted visual representation (a sensory outcome of action). Thus these two streams could underpin imitation, in which actions are first observed, then transformed by the inverse model into potential motor commands, and the visual consequence of these mo ...
Using chaotic artificial neural networks to model memory in the brain
... Chaos occurs in dynamical systems that are sensitively dependent on initial conditions. Small differences in initial conditions yield widely diverging outcomes. Although such systems are deterministic, long-term predictions cannot be made [1]. There is growing evidence that future research on neural ...
... Chaos occurs in dynamical systems that are sensitively dependent on initial conditions. Small differences in initial conditions yield widely diverging outcomes. Although such systems are deterministic, long-term predictions cannot be made [1]. There is growing evidence that future research on neural ...
The Nervous System_8C - Science and Math with Mrs. Jessome
... The main organs that make up the nervous system are the brain and the spinal cord. The brain controls almost all of the actions in the body such as movement, behavior and responding to the environment. The brain is split up into parts, and each part does its own function. The different structures of ...
... The main organs that make up the nervous system are the brain and the spinal cord. The brain controls almost all of the actions in the body such as movement, behavior and responding to the environment. The brain is split up into parts, and each part does its own function. The different structures of ...
Lecture 7 Rhythms of the Brain
... – REM deprivation interferes with learning tasks. – Non-REM deprivation does not interfere with the same learning tasks. ...
... – REM deprivation interferes with learning tasks. – Non-REM deprivation does not interfere with the same learning tasks. ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord
... particular sensory cell is most sensitive - light, touch, sound, etc.) • Law of specific nerve energies (depolarization of neurons in a pathway is interpreted as a particular form of stimulation - pressure to the eyes or direct electrical activation of the visual cortex are both interpreted as a cha ...
... particular sensory cell is most sensitive - light, touch, sound, etc.) • Law of specific nerve energies (depolarization of neurons in a pathway is interpreted as a particular form of stimulation - pressure to the eyes or direct electrical activation of the visual cortex are both interpreted as a cha ...
Introduction - University of Toronto
... olive (which is a relay station for auditory information) was absent and the facial nucleus (which controls the muscles of facial expression) was significantly reduced in size. As compared to the 9,000 facial neurons found in a control brain, there were only about 400 in the autistic brain. In summa ...
... olive (which is a relay station for auditory information) was absent and the facial nucleus (which controls the muscles of facial expression) was significantly reduced in size. As compared to the 9,000 facial neurons found in a control brain, there were only about 400 in the autistic brain. In summa ...
Wider Than the Sky: The Phenomenal Gift of Consciousness
... output. In deep or slow-wave sleep, short dreamlike episodes may occur, but for long periods there is no evidence of consciousness. In awaking from the unconsciousness induced by trauma or anesthesia, there may be confusion and disorientation. And, of course, there may be diseases of consciousness, ...
... output. In deep or slow-wave sleep, short dreamlike episodes may occur, but for long periods there is no evidence of consciousness. In awaking from the unconsciousness induced by trauma or anesthesia, there may be confusion and disorientation. And, of course, there may be diseases of consciousness, ...
What are brain and spinal cord cancers?
... removed by surgery but if this is not possible, cancer treatments such as radiotherapy may be used. M alignant tumours usually grow rapidly and spread within the brain and spinal cord. Malignant brain tumours can also be life-threatening. About 40 per cent of brain and spinal cord tumours are malign ...
... removed by surgery but if this is not possible, cancer treatments such as radiotherapy may be used. M alignant tumours usually grow rapidly and spread within the brain and spinal cord. Malignant brain tumours can also be life-threatening. About 40 per cent of brain and spinal cord tumours are malign ...
Modeling and Detecting Deep Brain Activity with MEG
... substructures of the hippocampus e.g. the granular neural cells in the dentate gyrus. Surfacic current dipole moment density for hippocampus was found considerably larger than that of the cortex (σh = 1 nAm.mm−2 ). Therefore, though being located deeper into the brain, we speculate that a greater cu ...
... substructures of the hippocampus e.g. the granular neural cells in the dentate gyrus. Surfacic current dipole moment density for hippocampus was found considerably larger than that of the cortex (σh = 1 nAm.mm−2 ). Therefore, though being located deeper into the brain, we speculate that a greater cu ...
Visual speech circuits in profound acquired
... (7 women, age; mean SE. = 50.2 4.8) and control subjects performed equally well in a visual speechreading task but deaf patients activated the left posterior superior temporal cortex more than controls. This effect correlated with speechreading fluency but not with the duration of sensory depriv ...
... (7 women, age; mean SE. = 50.2 4.8) and control subjects performed equally well in a visual speechreading task but deaf patients activated the left posterior superior temporal cortex more than controls. This effect correlated with speechreading fluency but not with the duration of sensory depriv ...
Visual Cortex and Control Processes Stimuli in Opposite Visual
... hemifields did not influence each other within occipital visual cortex in that study, interacting only at the higher level of parietal cortex where some suppression of the response to one hemifield by addition of a concurrent stimulus in the other hemifield was found. Schwartz et al. (2005) therefor ...
... hemifields did not influence each other within occipital visual cortex in that study, interacting only at the higher level of parietal cortex where some suppression of the response to one hemifield by addition of a concurrent stimulus in the other hemifield was found. Schwartz et al. (2005) therefor ...
Receptor Theory and Biological Constraints on Value
... economic quantity, which is represented by a scalar quantity. There are two ways that utility can be interpreted in the context of Equation 2. The first is to interpret utility as z, the exogenous entity, and treat it as if it were a physical quantity that is transformed into a cellular response. Th ...
... economic quantity, which is represented by a scalar quantity. There are two ways that utility can be interpreted in the context of Equation 2. The first is to interpret utility as z, the exogenous entity, and treat it as if it were a physical quantity that is transformed into a cellular response. Th ...
Psychiatry`s age of enlightenment
... the University of Pittsburgh, my colleagues and I use the Clock∆19 mutant mouse, which exhibits a behavioural profile that is strikingly similar to the manic phase of human bipolar ...
... the University of Pittsburgh, my colleagues and I use the Clock∆19 mutant mouse, which exhibits a behavioural profile that is strikingly similar to the manic phase of human bipolar ...
chapter two - Description
... relate to some psychological disorders. What kinds of models have been proposed to describe this interaction? In studying casual relationships in psychopathology, researchers look at the interactions of genetic and environmental effects. In the diathesis–stress model, individuals are assumed to inhe ...
... relate to some psychological disorders. What kinds of models have been proposed to describe this interaction? In studying casual relationships in psychopathology, researchers look at the interactions of genetic and environmental effects. In the diathesis–stress model, individuals are assumed to inhe ...
3 The Third-Person View of the Mind
... science has a general grasp of how this can occur in neural networks, but a poor understanding of the details. For instance, little is known about how the synaptic weights are modified, and even where in the brain memories are stored. These are the challenges of twenty-first century brain research. ...
... science has a general grasp of how this can occur in neural networks, but a poor understanding of the details. For instance, little is known about how the synaptic weights are modified, and even where in the brain memories are stored. These are the challenges of twenty-first century brain research. ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.