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CHAPTER 12: THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MODULE 12.1
CHAPTER 12: THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MODULE 12.1

... Brain – soft, whitish-gray organ, anatomically continuous with spinal cord; resides in cranial cavity and directly or indirectly controls most of body’s functions  Weighs between 1250 and 1450 grams; made of mostly nervous tissue; contains epithelial and connective tissues as well  Internal caviti ...
Chapter 3 Lecture Notecards
Chapter 3 Lecture Notecards

... Neurons are cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information. In the human nervous system, the vast majority are interneurons – neurons that communicate with other neurons. There are also sensory neurons, which receive signals from outside the nervous system, and motor neurons, which carry me ...
Chapter 3 Editable Lecture Notecards
Chapter 3 Editable Lecture Notecards

... Neurons are cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information. In the human nervous system, the vast majority are interneurons – neurons that communicate with other neurons. There are also sensory neurons, which receive signals from outside the nervous system, and motor neurons, which carry me ...
PSYB1 Biopsychology Short Qs JM09 December
PSYB1 Biopsychology Short Qs JM09 December

... AO1 The candidate will define genotype and phenotype. Genotype should be defined in terms of an individual set of genes/genetic makeup. Phenotype should be defined in terms of actual/observable characteristics possessed by an individual. AO2 One mark for an explicit reference to a distinction betwee ...
FlyEM`s formal project plan
FlyEM`s formal project plan

... The volume imaged is given by: Volume = VoxelSize x VoxelRate x Duration. The voxel size is set as just described to (8-10 nm)3. The voxel rate is likewise empirically determined by the reconstruction difficulty for different signal to noise ratios (SNRs). In our case of fly tissue we have found tha ...
Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter

... are inhibitory amino acid that act as neurotransmitters. • GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, where it is transmitter for 20 % synapses. It is also fund in retina. ...
Nerves
Nerves

... Basal Nuclei – centers for planning and learning movement sequences ...
Pathogenicity and Effects of Prions Misfolding
Pathogenicity and Effects of Prions Misfolding

... function of prions is largely unknown, however it is thought that they are involved in several functions such as cellular adhesion, protection, and cell signaling. The pathogenicity of prions stems from an altered pattern of folding of the protein. The altering event that triggers change is a single ...
Biology 211 Anatomy & Physiology I
Biology 211 Anatomy & Physiology I

... Biology 211 Anatomy & Physiology I ...
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Consciousness, biology and quantum hypotheses
Consciousness, biology and quantum hypotheses

... However, the structural connectivity of the C-T system is not enough, since moment-to-moment brain functions require dynamic flows of signal traffic among many brain regions, perhaps at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Based on a large number of animal studies, Steriade proposed that “The cereb ...
cerebral and gastric histamine system is altered after portocaval shunt
cerebral and gastric histamine system is altered after portocaval shunt

... high tissue amine concentration. In brain it is related to better HDC saturation with L-histidine (6); in stomach it is due to ECL cell proliferation (4). Intensified HA synthesis raises the question concerning counteracting adaptational mechanism(s). Under normal conditions, in brain, histamine rel ...
PDF only
PDF only

... of COX activity is prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a prostanoid that exerts its effects by activating specific receptors, which have been classified into four subtypes (EP1-4). PGE2 receptors differ in ligand-binding specificity, tissue distribution, and coupling to intracellular signal transduction pathwa ...
The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of
The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of

... (emotions) and volition (actions, and in more modern versions, perceptions). These mental categories symbolize a cherished narrative about human nature in Western civilization: that emotions (our inner beast) and cognitions (evolution’s crowning achievement) battle or cooperate to control behavior.1 ...
Magnetic resonance imaging indicators of blood
Magnetic resonance imaging indicators of blood

... which posited that brain tissue is compressed in the hydrocephalic state [9]. However, it is also clear that extracellular water content and volume is increased in the periventricular white matter animals and humans with hydrocephalus [10-12]. Changes in brain water content often occur in concert wi ...
Lecoq J, Savall J, Vucinic D, Grewe BF, Kim H, Li
Lecoq J, Savall J, Vucinic D, Grewe BF, Kim H, Li

... As an initial test, we first sought to image two brain areas in anesthetized mice expressing the red fluorophore TdTomato 10 in parvalbumin interneurons. To illustrate flexibility of usage, we examined a pair of neocortical areas (motor area M1 and somatosensory area S1) separated by ~3.5 mm (Fig. 2 ...
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Save

... In this way the system, wave-corpuscle-wave, becomes a restricted necessity. The nervous optical fibers are only the axons of the retinal gangliar cells. Before arriving at the gangliar cells the messages coming from the photo-sensible elements, cones stratus, receive a great quantity of sophisticat ...
Chapter 11
Chapter 11

... • Spinal nerves extend to/from the spinal cord and are part of the PNS • Ganglion = a bundle of cell bodies outside the CNS • Dorsal Root Ganglion contains the cell bodies of sensory (afferent) neurons bringing impulses to the CNS • The fusion of the dorsal and ventral roots designates the beginning ...
Scent, that magical, elusive, intangible thing that eludes
Scent, that magical, elusive, intangible thing that eludes

... turbulence causes a specific layer two to three feet above the ground. Rafts, which fall into this layer, will be kept airborne at the height of two or three feet for long distances. The handler will have to search in areas with turbulence or stop working until the breezes pick up again. It is impor ...
Elastic instabilities in a layered cerebral cortex: A revised axonal
Elastic instabilities in a layered cerebral cortex: A revised axonal

... demonstrate that the intracortical buckling drives folding and not axonal tension from the underlying white matter, though the effect of growth of cells outside the cortex, i.e. new white matter, cannot be ruled out [5]. In addition, a quantitative model of buckling of an elastic plate (the top laye ...
Lissencephaly - Cambridge University Press
Lissencephaly - Cambridge University Press

... present much more superficially. Small calcific masses were present in the remains of cortex. Beneath the cortex there was a band of unmyelinated white matter in which occasional hypertrophied astrocytes and small unidentifiable dark nuclei were present. Surrounding the ventricle there was a broad b ...
Slides - Indiana University Bloomington
Slides - Indiana University Bloomington

... neurons of the hippocampus while stimulation is applied to Schaffer Collaterals of CA3 neurons. The amplitudes of the EPSPs in the CA1 neurons are shown in B. For a single stimulus, the amplitude of the EPSPs is plotted at 100%. When a train of stimuli is applied instead, the amplitude of the EPSPs ...
uncorrected page page page proofs
uncorrected page page page proofs

... function. Advances in brain imaging and recording technologies during the past 30 years or so have dramatically increased understanding of brain function. However, psychologists and neuroscientists still know only a fraction of what there is to know about how the brain works. In this chapter we exam ...
Bill Greenough`s research career
Bill Greenough`s research career

... functional brain organization and behavioral competence but where the specific endpoints of development were defined by the multifaceted nature of experiences of the individual rather than by the need for specific experiences common to all members of the species. This conceptualization has had a bro ...
Real-time tomography from magnetoencephalography (MEG
Real-time tomography from magnetoencephalography (MEG

... is manageable and more than compensated by the maximal use of the information in the MEG data. Voxel-by-voxel statistical parametric mapping (SPM) of the MFT solutions allows comparisons of short segments of post-stimulus activity with similar segments drawn either at the same latencies but from oth ...
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Brain Rules

Brain Rules: 12 Principles for Surviving and Thriving at Work, Home, and School was written by John Medina, a developmental molecular biologist and research consultant. Brain Rules consists of 12 chapters which try to demonstrate how our brains work. Each chapter demonstrates things scientists already know about the brain, and things we as people do that can affect how our brain will develop. In this book the reader will also discover amazing facts about the brain — such as the brain's need for physical activity for it to work at its maximum potential.
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