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Brain Damage & Neuroplasticity
... Traumatic Brain Injury (cont’d) 2. Closed Head Injury - concussion (mild brain injury) - moderate to severe brain injury: classification dependent on the degree of post-traumatic amnesia (or anterograde amnesia – deficits in new learning) - Pathophysiology of TBI ~ focal damage (coupe & contra-coup ...
... Traumatic Brain Injury (cont’d) 2. Closed Head Injury - concussion (mild brain injury) - moderate to severe brain injury: classification dependent on the degree of post-traumatic amnesia (or anterograde amnesia – deficits in new learning) - Pathophysiology of TBI ~ focal damage (coupe & contra-coup ...
Document
... (“what”); the posterior auditory pathway is thought to be involved in locating sounds (“where”). ...
... (“what”); the posterior auditory pathway is thought to be involved in locating sounds (“where”). ...
Slide 1
... posterior tip of the occipital lobe, most of it is buried in the calcarine sulcus - receives visual information from the retinas Visual association area - surrounds the primary visual cortex - interprets visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and ...
... posterior tip of the occipital lobe, most of it is buried in the calcarine sulcus - receives visual information from the retinas Visual association area - surrounds the primary visual cortex - interprets visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and ...
AP Psychology – Unit 3 – Biological Bases of Behavior
... 28. After suffering a stroke that damaged his angular gyrus, Mr. Chang is likely to experience the greatest difficulty: a. recognizing familiar faces. b. speaking fluently. c. understanding other people when they speak. d. reading poetry. 29. Raccoons have much more precise control of their paws tha ...
... 28. After suffering a stroke that damaged his angular gyrus, Mr. Chang is likely to experience the greatest difficulty: a. recognizing familiar faces. b. speaking fluently. c. understanding other people when they speak. d. reading poetry. 29. Raccoons have much more precise control of their paws tha ...
1 - My Blog
... 28. After suffering a stroke that damaged his angular gyrus, Mr. Chang is likely to experience the greatest difficulty: a. recognizing familiar faces. b. speaking fluently. c. understanding other people when they speak. d. reading poetry. 29. Raccoons have much more precise control of their paws tha ...
... 28. After suffering a stroke that damaged his angular gyrus, Mr. Chang is likely to experience the greatest difficulty: a. recognizing familiar faces. b. speaking fluently. c. understanding other people when they speak. d. reading poetry. 29. Raccoons have much more precise control of their paws tha ...
Lecture 2
... In some areas the human cortical surface area is slightly larger than in the macaque (e.g., visual cortex: 2X); in others it is considerably larger (e.g., parietal cortex: 20X) Are individual areas larger? Are there more areas? ...
... In some areas the human cortical surface area is slightly larger than in the macaque (e.g., visual cortex: 2X); in others it is considerably larger (e.g., parietal cortex: 20X) Are individual areas larger? Are there more areas? ...
Andrea Sookchan Jasmine Hodge Billy Chang
... •The hindbrain controls the body’s vital functions such as respiration and heart rate. •The cerebellum coordinates movement and is involved in learned movements ...
... •The hindbrain controls the body’s vital functions such as respiration and heart rate. •The cerebellum coordinates movement and is involved in learned movements ...
Exercise and the Bra..
... exercising brain has unique methods of keeping itself fueled. What’s more, the finely honed energy balance that occurs in the brain appears to have implications ...
... exercising brain has unique methods of keeping itself fueled. What’s more, the finely honed energy balance that occurs in the brain appears to have implications ...
Brain
... • Leathery, strong meninx composed of two fibrous connective tissue layers • The two layers separate in certain areas and form dural sinuses ...
... • Leathery, strong meninx composed of two fibrous connective tissue layers • The two layers separate in certain areas and form dural sinuses ...
How Psychologists Study the Brain
... Different tissues react differently to the magnetic current and this produces various images. No ionizing radiation is used in MRI. MRI cannot be done if the person has certain metal devices inside their body (such as a pacemaker, implanted port or pump). The magnetic force is so strong that it can ...
... Different tissues react differently to the magnetic current and this produces various images. No ionizing radiation is used in MRI. MRI cannot be done if the person has certain metal devices inside their body (such as a pacemaker, implanted port or pump). The magnetic force is so strong that it can ...
Reticular Activating System
... All sensory input that enters brain via the medulla is also sent to neurons of the reticular formation. These neurons may monitor sensory input for importance. May alert higher brain centers when critical input is detected. ...
... All sensory input that enters brain via the medulla is also sent to neurons of the reticular formation. These neurons may monitor sensory input for importance. May alert higher brain centers when critical input is detected. ...
Nervous System
... synaptic cleft. They are released when calcium gates are open. The neurotransmitters bind with the receptors. Neuromodulators block the neurotransmitter or modifies its response. ...
... synaptic cleft. They are released when calcium gates are open. The neurotransmitters bind with the receptors. Neuromodulators block the neurotransmitter or modifies its response. ...
Physiological Mechanisms of Behavior
... Hypothetically, if one part of the hypothalamus were manipulated for weight loss, what other drives would be affected? ...
... Hypothetically, if one part of the hypothalamus were manipulated for weight loss, what other drives would be affected? ...
THE_NERVOUS_SYSTEM_(Part_I)
... carry messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord ...
... carry messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord ...
Endocrine glands
... and bottom of each cerebral hemisphere containing the visual centers of the brain. – Primary visual cortex – processes visual information from the eyes. – Visual association cortex – identifies and makes sense of visual information. • Parietal lobes - sections of the brain located at the top and bac ...
... and bottom of each cerebral hemisphere containing the visual centers of the brain. – Primary visual cortex – processes visual information from the eyes. – Visual association cortex – identifies and makes sense of visual information. • Parietal lobes - sections of the brain located at the top and bac ...
The gustatory pathway - West Virginia University
... posterior medial nucleus of the thalamus From the thalamus, neurons project to the insular cortex, the posterior limb of the internal capsule, and the operculum (primary gustatory areas) ...
... posterior medial nucleus of the thalamus From the thalamus, neurons project to the insular cortex, the posterior limb of the internal capsule, and the operculum (primary gustatory areas) ...
7. The Nervous System Identify the major structures and areas of the
... Identify the major structures and areas of the brain and describe their functions The brain is comprised of three main parts: 1. Forebrain o Cerebral hemispheres § Largest part of brain and maintains muscle tone, coordinates movement and stores memories of skilled movement e.g. walking and dr ...
... Identify the major structures and areas of the brain and describe their functions The brain is comprised of three main parts: 1. Forebrain o Cerebral hemispheres § Largest part of brain and maintains muscle tone, coordinates movement and stores memories of skilled movement e.g. walking and dr ...
Neurotransmitters - Woodridge High School
... to another nerve cell. Axons can range in length from a fraction of an inch to several feet. Neurotransmitters Everything we do relies on neurons communicating with one another. Electrical impulses and chemical signals carrying messages across different parts of the brain and between the brain and t ...
... to another nerve cell. Axons can range in length from a fraction of an inch to several feet. Neurotransmitters Everything we do relies on neurons communicating with one another. Electrical impulses and chemical signals carrying messages across different parts of the brain and between the brain and t ...
Human brain
The human brain is the main organ of the human nervous system. It is located in the head, protected by the skull. It has the same general structure as the brains of other mammals, but with a more developed cerebral cortex. Large animals such as whales and elephants have larger brains in absolute terms, but when measured using a measure of relative brain size, which compensates for body size, the quotient for the human brain is almost twice as large as that of a bottlenose dolphin, and three times as large as that of a chimpanzee. Much of the size of the human brain comes from the cerebral cortex, especially the frontal lobes, which are associated with executive functions such as self-control, planning, reasoning, and abstract thought. The area of the cerebral cortex devoted to vision, the visual cortex, is also greatly enlarged in humans compared to other animals.The human cerebral cortex is a thick layer of neural tissue that covers most of the brain. This layer is folded in a way that increases the amount of surface that can fit into the volume available. The pattern of folds is similar across individuals, although there are many small variations. The cortex is divided into four lobes – the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. (Some classification systems also include a limbic lobe and treat the insular cortex as a lobe.) Within each lobe are numerous cortical areas, each associated with a particular function, including vision, motor control, and language. The left and right sides of the cortex are broadly similar in shape, and most cortical areas are replicated on both sides. Some areas, though, show strong lateralization, particularly areas that are involved in language. In most people, the left hemisphere is dominant for language, with the right hemisphere playing only a minor role. There are other functions, such as visual-spatial ability, for which the right hemisphere is usually dominant.Despite being protected by the thick bones of the skull, suspended in cerebrospinal fluid, and isolated from the bloodstream by the blood–brain barrier, the human brain is susceptible to damage and disease. The most common forms of physical damage are closed head injuries such as a blow to the head, a stroke, or poisoning by a variety of chemicals which can act as neurotoxins, such as ethanol alcohol. Infection of the brain, though serious, is rare because of the biological barriers which protect it. The human brain is also susceptible to degenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease, (mostly as the result of aging) and multiple sclerosis. A number of psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and clinical depression, are thought to be associated with brain dysfunctions, although the nature of these is not well understood. The brain can also be the site of brain tumors and these can be benign or malignant.There are some techniques for studying the brain that are used in other animals that are just not suitable for use in humans and vice versa. It is easier to obtain individual brain cells taken from other animals, for study. It is also possible to use invasive techniques in other animals such as inserting electrodes into the brain or disabling certains parts of the brain in order to examine the effects on behaviour – techniques that are not possible to be used in humans. However, only humans can respond to complex verbal instructions or be of use in the study of important brain functions such as language and other complex cognitive tasks, but studies from humans and from other animals, can be of mutual help. Medical imaging technologies such as functional neuroimaging and EEG recordings are important techniques in studying the brain. The complete functional understanding of the human brain is an ongoing challenge for neuroscience.