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450 User Guide
450 User Guide

... Dependability - under all operating conditions Conversion kit available for MonitorlTransmit switching PRESS-TO-TALKSWITCH OPERATION The finger-tip control bar can be used as a locking or nonlocking switch. To use as a nonlocking switch, simply depress the control bar and release after transmission. ...
Analog-Frequency converter XXXF70-90
Analog-Frequency converter XXXF70-90

Input System Instability
Input System Instability

A New Technique to Control Wireless Underwater Power
A New Technique to Control Wireless Underwater Power

... transmission systems; however limited research involves systems in submerged environments. Piezoelectric transducers (PZT) have become the primary component involved in accomplishing this task. These transducers make use of the piezoelectric effect, a process generating an electrical charge from an ...
Johnson Noise Intro
Johnson Noise Intro

Title - academicscience.co.in
Title - academicscience.co.in

... the loss of stability or the security of the system, which defeats the main objective of installing a FACT device. In this context the impacts of FACT device on the performance of distance relay needs to be addressed and a suitable pattern classifier is necessary for proper classification of the fau ...
Instrumentation Amp
Instrumentation Amp

Master Notes
Master Notes

op-amp parameters
op-amp parameters

The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the
The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the

1 - QSL.net
1 - QSL.net

... 3. The strength of the magnetic field around a conductor in air is: A. inversely proportional to the diameter of the conductor. B. directly proportional to the diameter of the conductor. C. directly proportional to the current in the conductor. D. inversely proportional to the current in the wire. 4 ...
Experiment 4: Damped Oscillations and Resonance in RLC Circuits
Experiment 4: Damped Oscillations and Resonance in RLC Circuits

Worksheet for Exploration 31.5
Worksheet for Exploration 31.5

... Worksheet for Exploration 31.5: RL Circuits and Phasors Assume an ideal power supply. The graph shows the voltage as a function of time across the source (red), the resistor (blue), and the inductor (green) (voltage is given in volts and time is given in seconds). Restart. To analyze the currents an ...
Resistors in Microwave Applications
Resistors in Microwave Applications

hw2
hw2

PH4705/ET4305:Instrumentation Amp
PH4705/ET4305:Instrumentation Amp

... This modification improves the input impedance of our circuit. The sensor is now connected via “Unity Gain Buffer”, an Op Amp with its –ve input connected directly to its output. This configuration has gain of 1 and an input impedance ≥109Ω so presenting virtually no load to the sensor. Gain and CMR ...
Analog Telephony Overview
Analog Telephony Overview

... The gain of the telephone sending and receiving electro-acoustic paths should be of similar value for both low and high signal levels in order to faithfully reproduce various tone levels that are present in the speech. Otherwise, usually due to non-linear operation which produces less gain of higher ...
I = 200 .. 800 A
I = 200 .. 800 A

POWER NOTES
POWER NOTES

... of concern for end-users. Sometimes this radio interference can affect other customers in the neighborhood of the VFD application. The rise time of the VFD output waveform and the switching frequency of the inverter determine the frequency of the radiated and conducted noise. The switching frequenc ...
File - Dr Muhammad Arif
File - Dr Muhammad Arif

... • Kirchhoff’s current law (node law) states that the algebraic sum of all currents entering and leaving a node is zero. • Kirchhoff’s voltage law (loop or mesh law) states that at any given instant the algebraic sum of the voltages around any loop in an electrical circuit is zero. • A mathematical m ...
AlexanderCh14finalR1
AlexanderCh14finalR1

CI36507510
CI36507510

transmission lines.
transmission lines.

Lab 16 - ece.unm.edu
Lab 16 - ece.unm.edu

1. Transmission Lines
1. Transmission Lines

< 1 ... 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 ... 93 >

Standing wave ratio



In radio engineering and telecommunications, standing wave ratio (SWR) is a measure of impedance matching of loads to the characteristic impedance of a transmission line or waveguide. Impedance mismatches result in standing waves along the transmission line, and SWR is defined as the ratio of the partial standing wave's amplitude at an antinode (maximum) to the amplitude at a node (minimum) along the line.The SWR is usually thought of in terms of the maximum and minimum AC voltages along the transmission line, thus called the voltage standing wave ratio or VSWR (sometimes pronounced ""viswar""). For example, the VSWR value 1.2:1 denotes an AC voltage due to standing waves along the transmission line reaching a peak value 1.2 times that of the minimum AC voltage along that line. The SWR can as well be defined as the ratio of the maximum amplitude to minimum amplitude of the transmission line's currents, electric field strength, or the magnetic field strength. Neglecting transmission line loss, these ratios are identical.The power standing wave ratio (PSWR) is defined as the square of the VSWR, however this terminology has no physical relation to actual powers involved in transmission.The SWR can be measured with an instrument called an SWR meter. Since SWR is defined relative to the transmission line's characteristic impedance, the SWR meter must be constructed for that impedance; in practice most transmission lines used in these applications are coaxial cables with an impedance of either 50 or 75 ohms. Checking the SWR is a standard procedure in a radio station, for instance, to verify impedance matching of the antenna to the transmission line (and transmitter). Unlike connecting an impedance analyzer (or ""impedance bridge"") directly to the antenna (or other load), the SWR does not measure the actual impedance of the load, but quantifies the magnitude of the impedance mismatch just performing a measurement on the transmitter side of the transmission line.
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