“The function and synthesis of ribosomes.” Nature Reviews Mol Cell
... proteins. At present, the primary function of the ribosomal proteins seems to be the stabilization of highly compact rRNA structures. To achieve this, proteins are intimately intertwined with the RNAs, making extensive interactions that often stabilize interhelical contacts between RNA domains, espe ...
... proteins. At present, the primary function of the ribosomal proteins seems to be the stabilization of highly compact rRNA structures. To achieve this, proteins are intimately intertwined with the RNAs, making extensive interactions that often stabilize interhelical contacts between RNA domains, espe ...
Dissecting the protein–RNA interface
... package was used to select a single structure with the best resolution in cases where proteins in different complexes had >30% sequence identity (with all other options set to their default) (11). After processing with PISCES, 122 non-redundant complexes were obtained. It was necessary to distinguis ...
... package was used to select a single structure with the best resolution in cases where proteins in different complexes had >30% sequence identity (with all other options set to their default) (11). After processing with PISCES, 122 non-redundant complexes were obtained. It was necessary to distinguis ...
Differential expression of vasa homologue gene in the germ cells
... tilapia vas expression in germ cells during gonadogenesis and gametogenesis of both sexes (fry 0±100 days after hatching, dah). All genetic females and males were used. To identify primordial germ cells (PGC), we also stained germ cells immunohistochemically with SGSA-1 antibody which stains gonial ...
... tilapia vas expression in germ cells during gonadogenesis and gametogenesis of both sexes (fry 0±100 days after hatching, dah). All genetic females and males were used. To identify primordial germ cells (PGC), we also stained germ cells immunohistochemically with SGSA-1 antibody which stains gonial ...
Crystal Structures of Two Viral IRES RNA Domains Bound to the
... the attached amino acid in the large ribosomal subunit. The peptide linkage is then formed by joining amino acids at the transferase center of the large subunit. The two ribosomal subunits coordinate in reading through the mRNA sequence extending the corresponding polypeptide chain which then folds ...
... the attached amino acid in the large ribosomal subunit. The peptide linkage is then formed by joining amino acids at the transferase center of the large subunit. The two ribosomal subunits coordinate in reading through the mRNA sequence extending the corresponding polypeptide chain which then folds ...
Document
... – Is catalyzed by RNA polymerase, which pries the DNA strands apart and hooks together the RNA nucleotides – Follows the same base-pairing rules as DNA, except that in RNA, uracil substitutes for ...
... – Is catalyzed by RNA polymerase, which pries the DNA strands apart and hooks together the RNA nucleotides – Follows the same base-pairing rules as DNA, except that in RNA, uracil substitutes for ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... A major difference in the production of mRNA depends on the locations where transcription and translation occur: In bacteria, mRNA is transcribed and translated in the single cellular compartment; and the two processes are so closely linked that they occur simultaneously. Since ribosomes attach t ...
... A major difference in the production of mRNA depends on the locations where transcription and translation occur: In bacteria, mRNA is transcribed and translated in the single cellular compartment; and the two processes are so closely linked that they occur simultaneously. Since ribosomes attach t ...
Transcription and Translation RNA
... The ribosomal subunits are named according to their Svedberg coefficients (S). This is a unit of measure that describes the sedimentation rate of a particle in a centrifuge. It is particularly useful with very large macromolecular complexes. The greater the mass the larger is the Svedberg coefficien ...
... The ribosomal subunits are named according to their Svedberg coefficients (S). This is a unit of measure that describes the sedimentation rate of a particle in a centrifuge. It is particularly useful with very large macromolecular complexes. The greater the mass the larger is the Svedberg coefficien ...
Ricinus communis - Scientific Research Publishing
... establishment of dormancy [11]. Recently, WRINKLED 1 (WRI1) transcription factor has been identified to be an important regulator for a set of carbohydrate metabolism and FAS in maturing Arabidopsis seed [8,12]. TAGs contents in the WRI1 mutant seeds decreases by 80% compared with that in wild type ...
... establishment of dormancy [11]. Recently, WRINKLED 1 (WRI1) transcription factor has been identified to be an important regulator for a set of carbohydrate metabolism and FAS in maturing Arabidopsis seed [8,12]. TAGs contents in the WRI1 mutant seeds decreases by 80% compared with that in wild type ...
Mutational Analysis Defines the Roles of Conserved Amino Acid
... character of this residue and its involvement in stabilization of the target base (Figure 2). It is intriguing that the MTase activity of the N101A mutant in vitro is reduced only to 10% of the wt enzyme, while we found it is inactive in vivo. Both the apparent dissociation constant and KM for RNA o ...
... character of this residue and its involvement in stabilization of the target base (Figure 2). It is intriguing that the MTase activity of the N101A mutant in vitro is reduced only to 10% of the wt enzyme, while we found it is inactive in vivo. Both the apparent dissociation constant and KM for RNA o ...
by plasmid
... (5) Control mechanisms of plasmid replication (5) (using ColE1-derive plasmid as an example) i. Replication is regulated mostly through a small plasmidencoded RNA I which interferes with the processing of RNA II ii. RNA II is cleaved by the RNA endonuclease RNase H, releasing a 3’ hydroxyl group th ...
... (5) Control mechanisms of plasmid replication (5) (using ColE1-derive plasmid as an example) i. Replication is regulated mostly through a small plasmidencoded RNA I which interferes with the processing of RNA II ii. RNA II is cleaved by the RNA endonuclease RNase H, releasing a 3’ hydroxyl group th ...
HiSeq 2500 Applications Brochure
... individual transcripts and isoforms, discover new genes, and identify regulatory non-coding RNAs. ...
... individual transcripts and isoforms, discover new genes, and identify regulatory non-coding RNAs. ...
I. Molecular mechanism for polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of
... Malonyl-CoA is a negative metabolite effector of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (24). Consequently, a PUFAmediated decrease in hepatic malonyl-CoA favors fatty acid entry into the mitochondria and peroxisomes and leads to enhanced fatty acid oxidation (24). Whether PUFA suppress malonyl-CoA levels i ...
... Malonyl-CoA is a negative metabolite effector of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (24). Consequently, a PUFAmediated decrease in hepatic malonyl-CoA favors fatty acid entry into the mitochondria and peroxisomes and leads to enhanced fatty acid oxidation (24). Whether PUFA suppress malonyl-CoA levels i ...
She2p Is a Novel RNA Binding Protein
... the budding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents one of the best-characterized examples of mRNA translocation (reviewed in Chartrand et al. [2001], Darzacq et al. [2003]). Upon nutrient deprivation, diploid S. cerevisiae cells undergo meiosis, which results in four haploid spores, two pairs belong ...
... the budding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents one of the best-characterized examples of mRNA translocation (reviewed in Chartrand et al. [2001], Darzacq et al. [2003]). Upon nutrient deprivation, diploid S. cerevisiae cells undergo meiosis, which results in four haploid spores, two pairs belong ...
to the reprint.
... Purpose: To identify homeobox-containing genes that may play a role in the differentiation of ocular tissues. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from microdissected chicken embryo eye tissues at 3.5 days of development (embryonic day 3.5; E3.5). An "anchor-oligo-dT primer" was used for the synthesis of ...
... Purpose: To identify homeobox-containing genes that may play a role in the differentiation of ocular tissues. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from microdissected chicken embryo eye tissues at 3.5 days of development (embryonic day 3.5; E3.5). An "anchor-oligo-dT primer" was used for the synthesis of ...
Molecular and Immunological Methods
... fluorescent. It’s a functional group which absorbs a specific wavelength of light and re-emits the energy at a different, specific wavelength. The wavelength absorbed is the excitation frequency, while the wavelength emitted is the emission frequency. The wavelength shift is due to a loss in energy ...
... fluorescent. It’s a functional group which absorbs a specific wavelength of light and re-emits the energy at a different, specific wavelength. The wavelength absorbed is the excitation frequency, while the wavelength emitted is the emission frequency. The wavelength shift is due to a loss in energy ...
PHYS 4xx Intro 2 1 PHYS 4xx Intro 2
... A protein chain of high molecular mass will be built up as this reaction occurs repeatedly; for example, the two inequivalent spectrin proteins in the human erythrocyte have molecular masses of ~220 000 and ~230 000 Da. Amino acids appear in a protein with varying relative abundance, and some, such ...
... A protein chain of high molecular mass will be built up as this reaction occurs repeatedly; for example, the two inequivalent spectrin proteins in the human erythrocyte have molecular masses of ~220 000 and ~230 000 Da. Amino acids appear in a protein with varying relative abundance, and some, such ...
Translational Termination
... – Prevent termination by inserting an amino acid – Allow ribosome to move on to the next codon ...
... – Prevent termination by inserting an amino acid – Allow ribosome to move on to the next codon ...
Luciferase Reporter Vector Protocol
... Panomics’ Luciferase Reporter Vectors are designed to monitor transcription factor binding activity in vivo through the use of the standard luciferase assay. Each Luciferase Reporter Vector contains multiple repeats of a specific transcription factor binding element. Binding at this recognition site ...
... Panomics’ Luciferase Reporter Vectors are designed to monitor transcription factor binding activity in vivo through the use of the standard luciferase assay. Each Luciferase Reporter Vector contains multiple repeats of a specific transcription factor binding element. Binding at this recognition site ...
History and Function
... ONE-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION The abilitiy to diffuse in one dimension can accelerate the formation of a site-specific interaction within a linear biopolymer by up to 103fold. Such facilitated diffusion is used by transcription factors and restriction endonucleases to locate specific sites on double-str ...
... ONE-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION The abilitiy to diffuse in one dimension can accelerate the formation of a site-specific interaction within a linear biopolymer by up to 103fold. Such facilitated diffusion is used by transcription factors and restriction endonucleases to locate specific sites on double-str ...
Chapter 17 Lecture PowerPoint - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... • Small RNAs with proteins can affect mRNA secondary structure to control translation initiation • Riboswitches can be used to control translation initiation via mRNA 2° structure – 5’-untranslated region of E. coli thiM mRNA contain a riboswitch – This includes an aptamer that binds thiamine and it ...
... • Small RNAs with proteins can affect mRNA secondary structure to control translation initiation • Riboswitches can be used to control translation initiation via mRNA 2° structure – 5’-untranslated region of E. coli thiM mRNA contain a riboswitch – This includes an aptamer that binds thiamine and it ...
Optical Tweezers: Measuring Piconewton Forces
... activity of a single enzyme acting on a DNA molecule and watch tiny molecular motors exert forces on biological molecules. We can directly test the effects of DNA binding proteins on the properties of DNA and use these measurements to determine their energy of interaction. A detailed knowledge of in ...
... activity of a single enzyme acting on a DNA molecule and watch tiny molecular motors exert forces on biological molecules. We can directly test the effects of DNA binding proteins on the properties of DNA and use these measurements to determine their energy of interaction. A detailed knowledge of in ...
TAR-RNA binding by HIV-1 Tat protein is
... that SELEX can be a powerful tool for the selection of nucleic acid sequences having very high affinity for a variety of biological molecules, including HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (43). Nolte’s 38mer L-RNA, originally developed as a ligand for L-arginine, is sequence-wise unrelated to TAR and binds ...
... that SELEX can be a powerful tool for the selection of nucleic acid sequences having very high affinity for a variety of biological molecules, including HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (43). Nolte’s 38mer L-RNA, originally developed as a ligand for L-arginine, is sequence-wise unrelated to TAR and binds ...
An enzyme within the ribosome catalyzes a synthesis reaction to
... 1. To start protein synthesis, a ribosome binds to mRNA. The ribosome has two binding sites for tRNA with its amino acid. Note that the first codon to associate with a tRNA is AUG, the start codon, which codes for methionine. The codon of mRNA and the anitcodon of tRNA are aligned and joined. The ot ...
... 1. To start protein synthesis, a ribosome binds to mRNA. The ribosome has two binding sites for tRNA with its amino acid. Note that the first codon to associate with a tRNA is AUG, the start codon, which codes for methionine. The codon of mRNA and the anitcodon of tRNA are aligned and joined. The ot ...
Inquiry into Life Twelfth Edition
... Eukaryotic initiation factors and general functions: • eIF2 binds Met-tRNA to ribosomes • eIF2B activates eIF2 replacing its GDP with GTP • eIF1 and eIF1A aid in scanning to initiation codon • eIF3 binds to 40S ribosomal subunit, inhibits reassociation with 60S subunit • eIF4 is a cap-binding protei ...
... Eukaryotic initiation factors and general functions: • eIF2 binds Met-tRNA to ribosomes • eIF2B activates eIF2 replacing its GDP with GTP • eIF1 and eIF1A aid in scanning to initiation codon • eIF3 binds to 40S ribosomal subunit, inhibits reassociation with 60S subunit • eIF4 is a cap-binding protei ...
Eukaryotic transcription
Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of RNA replica. Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes (including humans) comes in three variations, each encoding a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control.