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MODELING DNA REPLICATION
MODELING DNA REPLICATION

... The Steps of DNA Replication 1. Start with the two white DNA strands joined together. Twist the joined strands to represent the double helix and then let it go. The enzyme DNA helicase unwinds the DNA strands before replication can occur. 2. Find the origin of replication site (ori) and separate the ...
Functional Equivalence of Translation Factor eIF5B from Candida
Functional Equivalence of Translation Factor eIF5B from Candida

... along with additional factors, and the resulting 43S complex then binds mRNA at its 5′ end, forming a 48S complex that scans to locate the AUG start codon. Basepairing between the Met-tRNA in the ribosomal complex and the AUG codon triggers GTP hydrolysis. The 48S complex joins with the large 60S ri ...
Felis domesticus papillomavirus, isolated from a skin lesion, is
Felis domesticus papillomavirus, isolated from a skin lesion, is

... by amino acid and nucleotide sequence homology and contains the novel NCR-2 region. PVs are considered highly speciesspecific and are not thought to cross the species barrier ; however, there are exceptions in the veterinary literature (Perrott et al., 2000 ; Sundberg & OhBanion, 1989). Nevertheless ...
Introduction 1
Introduction 1

... (CG)n repeats. ...
Part I - Punjabi University
Part I - Punjabi University

... 1. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of reducing and total sugars by biochemical and biophysical techniques. 2. Determination of acid value of a fat/oil. 3. Determination of cholesterol-total, free and esterified. 4. Isolation, qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipids. 5. Qualitative and ...
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... Restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes) are like molecular scissors than can cut DNA at a specific base-pair sequence (its recognition site) Most recognition sites are 4 to 8 base pairs long and are usually palindromic ...
dna and its structure
dna and its structure

... What is the human genome project? • A project designed by the U.S. department of Energy and National Institute of Health to: • Identify all the approximately 30,000 genes in human DNA • Determine the sequence of the 3 billion chemical base pairs (nucleotides) • Store the information in databases • ...
Supplementary material S1, S2 (doc 572K)
Supplementary material S1, S2 (doc 572K)

... positive breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7, and the ER- negative cell lines MDA MB231 and HeLa. Moreover, at 40 hours after the addition of VPA, around 25% of cells were found to have a DNA content less than in Go/G1 (figure S1(b)), indicating that a proportion of cells are apoptotic. VPA also induc ...
si RNA
si RNA

... (Dicer) to produce short double-stranded siRNA molecules. Argonaute proteins are then required to bind siRNA molecules to form a complex known as RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex). RISCs may then promote epigentic silencing through RNA-directed DNA methylation or by target RNA cleavage. Though pr ...
Chapter 4 Outline
Chapter 4 Outline

... A. Introduction: Because enzymes regulate metabolic pathways that allow cells to survive, cells must have the information for producing these special proteins. Recall from Chapter 2, that in addition to enzymes, proteins have several important functions in cells, including structure (keratin), trans ...
Solution structure of the Drosha double-stranded RNA-binding domain Open Access
Solution structure of the Drosha double-stranded RNA-binding domain Open Access

... further processed by Dicer enzymes to produce mature miRNA [8-13]. Drosha contains two RNase III domains that form the enzyme’s catalytic center. At the C-terminus is a double-stranded RNA-binding domain (dsRBD), which is essential for pri-miRNA processing [14]. To process pri-miRNA, Drosha forms an ...
CHAPTER 4: CELLULAR METABOLISM
CHAPTER 4: CELLULAR METABOLISM

... A. Introduction: Because enzymes regulate metabolic pathways that allow cells to survive, cells must have the information for producing these special proteins. Recall from Chapter 2, that in addition to enzymes, proteins have several important functions in cells, including structure (keratin), trans ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... Gly-X-Y repeat important - single change results in disease Osteogenesis imperfecta - abnormal bone formation in babies Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - loose joints Both diseases involve: mutation of Gly to a different amino acid ...
Karakterisasi Molekular Fragmen Gen mexB Isolat Pseudomonas
Karakterisasi Molekular Fragmen Gen mexB Isolat Pseudomonas

... ABSTRACT Antibiotics have been widely used in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, their effectiveness has been questioned due to the tendency of some bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa among others has been known to be resistant to several antibiotics due to its M ...
The MOLECULES of LIFE
The MOLECULES of LIFE

... conservative mutation from tryptophan (W), other than to itself, is to ______, which has a score of ______. Answer: tyrosine, 2 11. Many soluble human proteins can be expressed in the E. coli bacteria or using an in vitro translation system. How can these proteins fold without the cellular machiner ...
DNA amplification 2
DNA amplification 2

... proved very important in recombinant DNA technology and is used in a range of applications in medicine and forensic science. That method is PCR. a) What is PCR? PCR stands for the Polymerase Chain Reaction and was developed in 1987 by Kary Mullis and associates. PCR is capable of producing enormous ...
VI. Tools Used for Systems Biology and Drug Discovery
VI. Tools Used for Systems Biology and Drug Discovery

... another. In some cases, cellular transformations of small molecules do not require enzymes, and these metabonates can generate toxically or allergenically active species further complicating the determination of enzyme-controlled pathways [5], [6]. Biological systems are also robust, maintaining the ...
1. ATP powers cellular processes by coupling exergonic and
1. ATP powers cellular processes by coupling exergonic and

... volcanic activity which stimulated terrestrial mutations ...
AP Biology Deoxyribonucleic acid
AP Biology Deoxyribonucleic acid

... http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/large_molecules/06t.html ...
A phage library and two cosmid libraries were
A phage library and two cosmid libraries were

... sets of identical FRs. These identical subregions are shared by otherwise different polypeptide chains. The results were interpreted as an assembly of FR1-FR4 in which 'germline dictionaries of minigenes1 (6) are used. The first sequences of germline V L genes (7,8) soon revealed that FR1 to CDR3 ar ...
Identification of Pseudomonas proteins coordinately
Identification of Pseudomonas proteins coordinately

... contribute to plant growth by biofertilization, by secretion of growth hormones or by the production of antibiotics that control pathogenic fungi and competing bacteria (Bloemberg & Lugtenberg, 2001). In recent years, several groups have initiated projects with the aim of elucidating the interaction ...
LS1a Fall 2014 Practice Problem Set 6 1. Name three ways in which
LS1a Fall 2014 Practice Problem Set 6 1. Name three ways in which

... iii. This aspartate hydrogen bonds to the -NH2 group of ATP helping to properly position the nucleotide in the enzyme binding pocket (i.e., “orientation effects”). iv. The positively charged nitrogen of the arginine helps stabilize the partially negatively charge on the oxygen of the phosphate group ...
Clostridium difficile toxin synthesis is negatively regulated by TcdC
Clostridium difficile toxin synthesis is negatively regulated by TcdC

Recitation Notes for RDM Day 1 1. Module Overview –
Recitation Notes for RDM Day 1 1. Module Overview –

... There are normally 4-5 components in a given reaction. 1- DNA which will be digested. Must have specific site for enzyme. Also needs to be free of contaminants such as phenol, alcohol, excessive salts, which interfere with enzyme activity. 2- the enzyme- RE are fragile! Need to be treated carefully ...
Applied Environmnetal Microbiology
Applied Environmnetal Microbiology

... Protein analysis. The E. coli cells harboring the cloned crystal protein genes were grown in LB medium (1% tryptone [Difco], 0.5% yeast extract [Difco], 0.5% NaCl [pH 7.0]) for 24 h. After detection of inclusion bodies in cells by phase-contrast microscopic observations, the cultured broths were con ...
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Silencer (genetics)

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