Populations - Elmwood Park Memorial High School
... • The movement of individuals from one population to another can cause genetic change. • The movement of individuals to or from a population, called migration, creates gene flow, the movement of alleles into or out of a population. • Gene flow occurs because new individuals (immigrants) add alleles ...
... • The movement of individuals from one population to another can cause genetic change. • The movement of individuals to or from a population, called migration, creates gene flow, the movement of alleles into or out of a population. • Gene flow occurs because new individuals (immigrants) add alleles ...
Ch. 16 Genetic Equilibrium and Selection
... fitness than individuals with an average form of the trait. ...
... fitness than individuals with an average form of the trait. ...
statgen3
... these examples of natural selection certain phenotypes are better able than others to contribute their genes to the next generation. Thus, by Darwin's standards, they are more fit. The outcome is a gradual change in the gene frequencies in that population. ...
... these examples of natural selection certain phenotypes are better able than others to contribute their genes to the next generation. Thus, by Darwin's standards, they are more fit. The outcome is a gradual change in the gene frequencies in that population. ...
The adaptive evolution of social traits
... ―> sisters should bias the sex ratio of siblings towards 1 male : 3 females ―> if sisters do use this option, then mating success of females is 1/3 that of males ―> the 3/1 advantage of rearing sisters is therefore cancelled by the 1/3 reduction in mating success ...
... ―> sisters should bias the sex ratio of siblings towards 1 male : 3 females ―> if sisters do use this option, then mating success of females is 1/3 that of males ―> the 3/1 advantage of rearing sisters is therefore cancelled by the 1/3 reduction in mating success ...
AP Chapter 23 Lecture - TJ
... A. Deviations from H-W equilibrium is a potential cause of evolution 1. New mutations a. Rare, so usually not significant enough to cause great change from generation to generation 2. Nonrandom mating a. Can affect homo & hetero genotypes but usually does not affect allele frequency in a gene pool ...
... A. Deviations from H-W equilibrium is a potential cause of evolution 1. New mutations a. Rare, so usually not significant enough to cause great change from generation to generation 2. Nonrandom mating a. Can affect homo & hetero genotypes but usually does not affect allele frequency in a gene pool ...
Evolution Keystone Presentation Part 1
... gradually change over many generations through natural selection. Important things to consider: • No individual organism can evolve, but given the right conditions over enough time, traits within a population will gradually change until the entire population is different. • Populations tend to evolv ...
... gradually change over many generations through natural selection. Important things to consider: • No individual organism can evolve, but given the right conditions over enough time, traits within a population will gradually change until the entire population is different. • Populations tend to evolv ...
evolution_2010
... genetically inherited trait, increases in populations of Drosophila melanogaster the closer the population is to an alcohol source in wine cellars and vineyards. ...
... genetically inherited trait, increases in populations of Drosophila melanogaster the closer the population is to an alcohol source in wine cellars and vineyards. ...
Genetic Drift
... Natural Selection How does natural selection work? Adaptation Selection of new beneficial traits according to selective pressures at the time Natural selection produces adaptation of an organism ...
... Natural Selection How does natural selection work? Adaptation Selection of new beneficial traits according to selective pressures at the time Natural selection produces adaptation of an organism ...
1 Lecture 9 Studying Adaptation: Evolutionary Analysis of Form
... a. X lives in environment Y. The word ‘adapted’ says nothing about how these properties were acquired, only the positive outcome of possessing them. o The above statement may mean that properties of X constrain it to live only in Y. b. For an evolutionary ecologist, X is adapted to live in Y will us ...
... a. X lives in environment Y. The word ‘adapted’ says nothing about how these properties were acquired, only the positive outcome of possessing them. o The above statement may mean that properties of X constrain it to live only in Y. b. For an evolutionary ecologist, X is adapted to live in Y will us ...
Evolution as Genetic Change
... Now… have have 30,000 seals With Reduced VARIATION from Bottleneck ...
... Now… have have 30,000 seals With Reduced VARIATION from Bottleneck ...
Heritability: The evolution of quantitative traits by artificial selection
... assessing the genetic contribution to traits, VG is critical to understanding how traits might evolve. The genotype by environment interaction term accounts for the fact that differences in the environment do not have a uniform effect among all genotypes in the population. For example, one genotype ...
... assessing the genetic contribution to traits, VG is critical to understanding how traits might evolve. The genotype by environment interaction term accounts for the fact that differences in the environment do not have a uniform effect among all genotypes in the population. For example, one genotype ...
Patterns of Evolution
... Coevolution is the process of change in 2 or more species that are dependent on each other. An evolutionary change in one organism may also be followed by a change in another organism. Examples: ...
... Coevolution is the process of change in 2 or more species that are dependent on each other. An evolutionary change in one organism may also be followed by a change in another organism. Examples: ...
Evolution in space and time
... Genetic variation across a geographic area Any consistent change in gene frequency heritable phenotype, across a geographical range -- known as a cline. Clines occur because dispersal across a region is limited, because the whole geographical area does not form a single panmictic population. (Popula ...
... Genetic variation across a geographic area Any consistent change in gene frequency heritable phenotype, across a geographical range -- known as a cline. Clines occur because dispersal across a region is limited, because the whole geographical area does not form a single panmictic population. (Popula ...
Lecture #10 Date
... heterozygotes is represented by 2pq. This gives you the percent of the population that is heterozygous for ...
... heterozygotes is represented by 2pq. This gives you the percent of the population that is heterozygous for ...
Chapter 26
... The evolution of parthenogenesis probably resulted from genetic changes in one female individual. Because only one individual is involved, there can be rapid reproduction, the offspring of which are all clones of the original mutant. These animals have become reproductively isolated from sympatric p ...
... The evolution of parthenogenesis probably resulted from genetic changes in one female individual. Because only one individual is involved, there can be rapid reproduction, the offspring of which are all clones of the original mutant. These animals have become reproductively isolated from sympatric p ...
No Slide Title
... “hype” than other methods. For example, GA software ads: – “…can handle the most complex problems, including problems unsolvable by any other method.” – “…uses GAs to solve any optimization problem!” ...
... “hype” than other methods. For example, GA software ads: – “…can handle the most complex problems, including problems unsolvable by any other method.” – “…uses GAs to solve any optimization problem!” ...
The Evolution of Altruism
... genetic mutations within the individuals of a population arise through errors in DNA replication. Some fraction of these mutations will lead to measurable differences in the traits comprising the affected individual. Those traits that increase their host’s reproductive success will ensure their grea ...
... genetic mutations within the individuals of a population arise through errors in DNA replication. Some fraction of these mutations will lead to measurable differences in the traits comprising the affected individual. Those traits that increase their host’s reproductive success will ensure their grea ...
ESR173U7LecA
... selection explains the unity and diversity of life as “descent with modification” – Parents pass traits to their offspring (heredity) – Individuals within a population vary in those traits (variation) – Some individuals have traits that are better adapted to particular circumstances and conditions t ...
... selection explains the unity and diversity of life as “descent with modification” – Parents pass traits to their offspring (heredity) – Individuals within a population vary in those traits (variation) – Some individuals have traits that are better adapted to particular circumstances and conditions t ...
APBio Feb7 PopGen
... Natural Selection, the Break Down • “differential reproduction” = some animals are better at making offspring than others • “of genotypes” = those new offspring will inherit the genes of its parents • “caused by factors in the environment” = the differential reproduction often depends on an organis ...
... Natural Selection, the Break Down • “differential reproduction” = some animals are better at making offspring than others • “of genotypes” = those new offspring will inherit the genes of its parents • “caused by factors in the environment” = the differential reproduction often depends on an organis ...
here
... The law of the gutter. compare drift versus select + drift The larger the population the longer it takes for an allele to become fixed. Note: Even though an allele conveys a strong selective advantage of 10%, the allele has a rather large chance to go extinct. Note#2: Fixation is faster under select ...
... The law of the gutter. compare drift versus select + drift The larger the population the longer it takes for an allele to become fixed. Note: Even though an allele conveys a strong selective advantage of 10%, the allele has a rather large chance to go extinct. Note#2: Fixation is faster under select ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.