Five agents of evolutionary change
... drift due to formation of a new colony with organisms with distinctly different phenotypes ...
... drift due to formation of a new colony with organisms with distinctly different phenotypes ...
evolution and natural selection - CAPE Biology Unit 1 Haughton
... selection pressure comes from the natural surroundings or environment of the populations. • Artificial selection: occurs when man determines which population possess the favourable trait and so encourages the survival and continuation of that population. ...
... selection pressure comes from the natural surroundings or environment of the populations. • Artificial selection: occurs when man determines which population possess the favourable trait and so encourages the survival and continuation of that population. ...
Experimental design II: artificial selection
... This artificial selection experiment on 6-week body weight mice (carried out over 30 generations in the upward and 24 generations in the downward direction) demonstrates how the intensity of selection (proportion selected) predicts the response to selection. Natural selection opposing artificial sel ...
... This artificial selection experiment on 6-week body weight mice (carried out over 30 generations in the upward and 24 generations in the downward direction) demonstrates how the intensity of selection (proportion selected) predicts the response to selection. Natural selection opposing artificial sel ...
Clicker review
... 19. Who prompted Darwin to publish his book by coming up with similar ideas on evolution? A Lamarck B Lyell C Cuvier D Wallace E Malthus 20. If an earthquake hit a small island so that all but a tiny group of lizards were eliminated and survivors spread out over the island, this would be an instance ...
... 19. Who prompted Darwin to publish his book by coming up with similar ideas on evolution? A Lamarck B Lyell C Cuvier D Wallace E Malthus 20. If an earthquake hit a small island so that all but a tiny group of lizards were eliminated and survivors spread out over the island, this would be an instance ...
Processes of Evolution
... • At the end, you should be able to explain how natural selection works has caused the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. (Note it is bacteria that become resistant, not people. Bacteria do not become “immune” — they do not have immune ...
... • At the end, you should be able to explain how natural selection works has caused the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. (Note it is bacteria that become resistant, not people. Bacteria do not become “immune” — they do not have immune ...
BIO 370 1
... without the aid of selection. 3. Such trends need not be adaptive, and could drive a species toward extinction. (contrast with teleology) 4. E.g. Irish elk (Megaceros giganteus) reputably became extinct because it could not stop evolving larger and larger antlers which became too unwieldy for the be ...
... without the aid of selection. 3. Such trends need not be adaptive, and could drive a species toward extinction. (contrast with teleology) 4. E.g. Irish elk (Megaceros giganteus) reputably became extinct because it could not stop evolving larger and larger antlers which became too unwieldy for the be ...
lecture 8
... Frequency dependent vs non-frequency dependent selection Does the fitness of a phenotype depend on its frequency relative to other phenotypes in the population? If it does then the selection surface is like a water bed – other individuals affect the fitness optima. ...
... Frequency dependent vs non-frequency dependent selection Does the fitness of a phenotype depend on its frequency relative to other phenotypes in the population? If it does then the selection surface is like a water bed – other individuals affect the fitness optima. ...
Natural Selection
... Note: The things Darwin saw were common everyday things in nature – nothing special – in fact, you have probably noticed many of the same things yourself! Darwin had four observations that led him to formulate his theory of evolution by natural selection. ...
... Note: The things Darwin saw were common everyday things in nature – nothing special – in fact, you have probably noticed many of the same things yourself! Darwin had four observations that led him to formulate his theory of evolution by natural selection. ...
Exam 2 Practice Questions
... under K or r-selection? What does this type of spatial distribution tell you about the level of competition? K-selection, high competition ...
... under K or r-selection? What does this type of spatial distribution tell you about the level of competition? K-selection, high competition ...
BIO 373 Exam 2 Practice Questions
... under K or r-selection? What does this type of spatial distribution tell you about the level of competition? K-selection, high competition ...
... under K or r-selection? What does this type of spatial distribution tell you about the level of competition? K-selection, high competition ...
The Evolution of Populations The Evolution of Populations
... 1) Genetic variation: Individuals within a species differ from each other 2) Inheritance: Offspring are similar to their parents 3) Excess of reproduction: More offspring are generally produced than those to survive to maturity. Factors like predation, disease and competition take place ...
... 1) Genetic variation: Individuals within a species differ from each other 2) Inheritance: Offspring are similar to their parents 3) Excess of reproduction: More offspring are generally produced than those to survive to maturity. Factors like predation, disease and competition take place ...
Clicker review
... 19 Who prompted Darwin to publish his book by coming up with similar ideas on evolution? A Lamarck B Lyell C Cuvier D Wallace E Malthus 20. If an earthquake hit a small island so that all but a tiny group of lizards were eliminated and survivors spread out over the island, this would be an instance ...
... 19 Who prompted Darwin to publish his book by coming up with similar ideas on evolution? A Lamarck B Lyell C Cuvier D Wallace E Malthus 20. If an earthquake hit a small island so that all but a tiny group of lizards were eliminated and survivors spread out over the island, this would be an instance ...
Lecture 10: Learning - Genetic algorithms
... • Roulette wheel selection – compute each individual’s contribution to the global fitness as – The choice of the pairs for reproduction consists of randomly choosing the individuals (with replacement) with distribution given by P ...
... • Roulette wheel selection – compute each individual’s contribution to the global fitness as – The choice of the pairs for reproduction consists of randomly choosing the individuals (with replacement) with distribution given by P ...
Genes Within Populations
... • The first five editions of Darwin’s book, On the Origin of the Species, never used the term! • Rather, he used the phrase “descent with modification”. • It still captures the essence of evolution – all species arise from other, pre-existing species – however, through time they accumulate differenc ...
... • The first five editions of Darwin’s book, On the Origin of the Species, never used the term! • Rather, he used the phrase “descent with modification”. • It still captures the essence of evolution – all species arise from other, pre-existing species – however, through time they accumulate differenc ...
Natural Selection - Indiana University Bloomington
... Interaction of the three evolutionary forces: Mutation, Selection, and RGD Only naive theories about evolution assume that Natural Selection leads a population to achieve an optimal level of adaptation. Because Mutation introduces harmful alleles into populations and because they can become fixed b ...
... Interaction of the three evolutionary forces: Mutation, Selection, and RGD Only naive theories about evolution assume that Natural Selection leads a population to achieve an optimal level of adaptation. Because Mutation introduces harmful alleles into populations and because they can become fixed b ...
UNIT 4: Microscopes and Intro to Cells (Prokaryotic vs
... Workbook Pages: 7.1 pgs. 111-114 #’s 1-19 (pgs. 96-100 #1-9 Level B) Standards: 3a. Both ___________ _________ and _________ factors are causes of _________ and _________ of organisms. 3b. The reasoning used by _________ ________ in reaching his conclusion that _________ _________ is the mechanism o ...
... Workbook Pages: 7.1 pgs. 111-114 #’s 1-19 (pgs. 96-100 #1-9 Level B) Standards: 3a. Both ___________ _________ and _________ factors are causes of _________ and _________ of organisms. 3b. The reasoning used by _________ ________ in reaching his conclusion that _________ _________ is the mechanism o ...
The Evolution of Populations
... Founder effect Occurs after a small number of individual s colonize a new area. These gene pools are often different from those of the larger population ...
... Founder effect Occurs after a small number of individual s colonize a new area. These gene pools are often different from those of the larger population ...
Chap. 20 Evolution Video Notes Outline
... What was Jean-Baptist Lamarck’s theory of evolution? __________________________________________________________ Use an example other than the one given in the video to explain Lamarck’s theory. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ...
... What was Jean-Baptist Lamarck’s theory of evolution? __________________________________________________________ Use an example other than the one given in the video to explain Lamarck’s theory. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ...
BUILT-IN BIOSAFETY DESIGN Ollie Wright - 29/04/13
... If selection coefficient is weak, traditionally need large number of microbial generations before sampling - in the order of 10 to 1,000 years, if ever... ...
... If selection coefficient is weak, traditionally need large number of microbial generations before sampling - in the order of 10 to 1,000 years, if ever... ...
Microevolution - Phillips Scientific Methods
... -causes divergence; splitting apart of the extreme phenotypes -extreme traits are favored -intermediate traits become elimanated ...
... -causes divergence; splitting apart of the extreme phenotypes -extreme traits are favored -intermediate traits become elimanated ...
Study Guides
... Key Concept: New species can arise when populations are isolated. Vocabulary reproductive isolation speciation behavioral isolation ...
... Key Concept: New species can arise when populations are isolated. Vocabulary reproductive isolation speciation behavioral isolation ...
Genetic Algorithms
... In classification tasks, the Fitness function typically has a component that scores the classification accuracy over a set of provided training examples. Other criteria can be added (e.g., complexity or generality of the rule) ...
... In classification tasks, the Fitness function typically has a component that scores the classification accuracy over a set of provided training examples. Other criteria can be added (e.g., complexity or generality of the rule) ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.