haloalkanes (halogenoalkanes)
... mechanism • the nucleophile uses its lone pair to provide the electrons for a new bond • as carbon can only have 8 electrons in its outer shell a halide ion is displaced • the result is substitution following attack by a nucleophile ...
... mechanism • the nucleophile uses its lone pair to provide the electrons for a new bond • as carbon can only have 8 electrons in its outer shell a halide ion is displaced • the result is substitution following attack by a nucleophile ...
C7 Revision Notes 2015
... •They have distinctive pleasant (usually) smells. •They are responsible for the smells and flavours of fruits •They are used in products such as food, perfumes, solvents and plasticisers •Some esters used in perfumes are natural, while others are synthetic - made artificially. ...
... •They have distinctive pleasant (usually) smells. •They are responsible for the smells and flavours of fruits •They are used in products such as food, perfumes, solvents and plasticisers •Some esters used in perfumes are natural, while others are synthetic - made artificially. ...
Unit 1: METABOLIC PROCESSES - Emery
... monomer molecules added to a growing polymer chain NO molecules are eliminated in the process monomer is unsaturated (e.g., had a double bond) after an addition reaction it becomes saturated ...
... monomer molecules added to a growing polymer chain NO molecules are eliminated in the process monomer is unsaturated (e.g., had a double bond) after an addition reaction it becomes saturated ...
H3PO4 in a Direct Synthesis of Oligo–Poly(ethylene phosphate)
... Sc(OTf)3, which has been reported to be a good catalyst for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols under mild conditions,9 leads to linear macromolecules of moderate molar masses. The formation of higher polymers is hampered by the dealkylation process, as revealed in this communication ...
... Sc(OTf)3, which has been reported to be a good catalyst for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols under mild conditions,9 leads to linear macromolecules of moderate molar masses. The formation of higher polymers is hampered by the dealkylation process, as revealed in this communication ...
carbonyl chemistry 1
... Thus, the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or a ketone can be protected in the form of an acetal or ketal. Deprotection following reaction on other regions of the molecule then yields the carbonyl group again – this then is the first protection/deprotection protocol we have encountered. In general, sim ...
... Thus, the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or a ketone can be protected in the form of an acetal or ketal. Deprotection following reaction on other regions of the molecule then yields the carbonyl group again – this then is the first protection/deprotection protocol we have encountered. In general, sim ...
Summer Scholar Report
... tosylates as precursors to other organic compounds and as substrates in studies of organic mechanisms. Their utility derives chiefly from the properties of the tosylate group as an excellent leaving group in nucleophilic and other reactions. Methods for synthesis of primary and secondary tosylates f ...
... tosylates as precursors to other organic compounds and as substrates in studies of organic mechanisms. Their utility derives chiefly from the properties of the tosylate group as an excellent leaving group in nucleophilic and other reactions. Methods for synthesis of primary and secondary tosylates f ...
Document
... C. The denomination of ”secondary amine” indicates the type of the carbon atom at which the functional group is bound D. Diethylamine and methylamine have a greater degree of basicity than ammonia E. Phenylamine has a greater degree of basicity than ammonia 28. The following statements regarding ami ...
... C. The denomination of ”secondary amine” indicates the type of the carbon atom at which the functional group is bound D. Diethylamine and methylamine have a greater degree of basicity than ammonia E. Phenylamine has a greater degree of basicity than ammonia 28. The following statements regarding ami ...
Kinetics of Amide Formation through Carbodiimide/N
... amide were produced (>80%), the yield of the amide was only 14% in the absence of HOBt, and high levels of amino acid 3 and its decomposition products were obtained. We conclude from these results that the kinetics of the reactions are controlled by the reaction between the acid and EDCI to give the ...
... amide were produced (>80%), the yield of the amide was only 14% in the absence of HOBt, and high levels of amino acid 3 and its decomposition products were obtained. We conclude from these results that the kinetics of the reactions are controlled by the reaction between the acid and EDCI to give the ...
Demonstrate skill in organic chemistry techniques.
... Explore the use of alternative reaction media and reuse of reagents through synthesis and recrystallization of adipic acid. (exp 5) Demonstrate understanding of the use of mild reagents thorough the Glaser-Eglinton-Hay coupling. (exp 6) Compare methods of the preparation of stilbene dibromide. (exp ...
... Explore the use of alternative reaction media and reuse of reagents through synthesis and recrystallization of adipic acid. (exp 5) Demonstrate understanding of the use of mild reagents thorough the Glaser-Eglinton-Hay coupling. (exp 6) Compare methods of the preparation of stilbene dibromide. (exp ...
A Model for Catalytically Active Zinc(I1) Ion in Liver
... gave the product 10 in 7820% (corresponding to 62.4% consumption of the starting aldehyde), as illustrated in Figure 1. Other Zn" species 6-8 were virtually noncatalytic for this ADH-mimic reaction. Reaction 2 in 2-PrOH-d8 catalyzed by 5 was monitored by IH NMR for 40 h, which unequivocally proved t ...
... gave the product 10 in 7820% (corresponding to 62.4% consumption of the starting aldehyde), as illustrated in Figure 1. Other Zn" species 6-8 were virtually noncatalytic for this ADH-mimic reaction. Reaction 2 in 2-PrOH-d8 catalyzed by 5 was monitored by IH NMR for 40 h, which unequivocally proved t ...
Spring 2015 CH 421 Name ________________________________________ Section ___________ Post‐lab 3: The Grignard Reaction: Preparation of an Alcohol
... 5) Grignard reagents can also react with other electrophiles, such as epoxides. Draw the ring‐opened alcohol product that would be isolated after aqueous workup. ...
... 5) Grignard reagents can also react with other electrophiles, such as epoxides. Draw the ring‐opened alcohol product that would be isolated after aqueous workup. ...
Esterification Lab - mrs. leinweber`s wiki
... concentrated sulphuric acid in order to observe the smell of the esters formed. You would normally use small quantities of everything heated in a test tube stood in a hot water bath for a couple of minutes. Because the reactions are slow and reversible, you don't get a lot of ester produced in this ...
... concentrated sulphuric acid in order to observe the smell of the esters formed. You would normally use small quantities of everything heated in a test tube stood in a hot water bath for a couple of minutes. Because the reactions are slow and reversible, you don't get a lot of ester produced in this ...
Chapter 1 Organoaluminum Reagents for Selective Organic
... Chapter 3. Bulky Aluminum Reagents for Selective Organic Synthesis In chapter 2 we discussed several excellent methods of discriminating various functional groups using bulky aluminum reagents. In this section we focus on the reactions promoted with bulky aluminum reagents which could not be achiev ...
... Chapter 3. Bulky Aluminum Reagents for Selective Organic Synthesis In chapter 2 we discussed several excellent methods of discriminating various functional groups using bulky aluminum reagents. In this section we focus on the reactions promoted with bulky aluminum reagents which could not be achiev ...
MacWorks - Horace Mann Webmail
... alcohols and acids. These combinations for each test tube are listed in the table below. Place the reaction components in each test tube. Use the numbered dropper bottles for the liquids and be very careful to use the correct number of drops. ...
... alcohols and acids. These combinations for each test tube are listed in the table below. Place the reaction components in each test tube. Use the numbered dropper bottles for the liquids and be very careful to use the correct number of drops. ...
A Direct Access to 3-(2-Oxoalkyl)indoles via
... dropwise. The mixture was then stirred at 25 °C according to the time indicated in Table 1. A variety of acyl chlorides were used successfully in this AlCl3-mediated C-C bond-forming reaction, and the yields of the isolated products (3) after purifying by column chromatography were found to be moder ...
... dropwise. The mixture was then stirred at 25 °C according to the time indicated in Table 1. A variety of acyl chlorides were used successfully in this AlCl3-mediated C-C bond-forming reaction, and the yields of the isolated products (3) after purifying by column chromatography were found to be moder ...
New L-Serine Derivative Ligands as Cocatalysts for Diels
... totally suppressed. This suggests that the cation coordinates to the basic amine group of 6 and the resulting complex is not sufficiently acidic to catalyze the Diels-Alder reaction. The Boc-protection of serine 8 led to serine ligand 4. The addition of 4 to a suspension of Cu(OTf)2 in dichlorometha ...
... totally suppressed. This suggests that the cation coordinates to the basic amine group of 6 and the resulting complex is not sufficiently acidic to catalyze the Diels-Alder reaction. The Boc-protection of serine 8 led to serine ligand 4. The addition of 4 to a suspension of Cu(OTf)2 in dichlorometha ...
Chapter 1--Title - Chemistry Workshop
... The azo coupling results in compounds which are highly conjugated and which often absorb light in the visible region The -SO3-Na+ group is added to the molecule to confer water solubility and to link the dye to the polar fibers of wool, cotton etc. Orange II is made from 2-naphthol ...
... The azo coupling results in compounds which are highly conjugated and which often absorb light in the visible region The -SO3-Na+ group is added to the molecule to confer water solubility and to link the dye to the polar fibers of wool, cotton etc. Orange II is made from 2-naphthol ...
Chapter 1--Title
... The azo coupling results in compounds which are highly conjugated and which often absorb light in the visible region The -SO3-Na+ group is added to the molecule to confer water solubility and to link the dye to the polar fibers of wool, cotton etc. Orange II is made from 2-naphthol ...
... The azo coupling results in compounds which are highly conjugated and which often absorb light in the visible region The -SO3-Na+ group is added to the molecule to confer water solubility and to link the dye to the polar fibers of wool, cotton etc. Orange II is made from 2-naphthol ...
Chemistry
... concept of Armaticity; Huckel Rule. Electrophilic substitution reactions. Orientation and reactivity. Applications in Synthesis; Oxidat6ion of side Chain of aromatic hydrocarbons; Elementary treatment of aromaticity of pyridine and comparison of its reactivity with that of benzene. A brief introduct ...
... concept of Armaticity; Huckel Rule. Electrophilic substitution reactions. Orientation and reactivity. Applications in Synthesis; Oxidat6ion of side Chain of aromatic hydrocarbons; Elementary treatment of aromaticity of pyridine and comparison of its reactivity with that of benzene. A brief introduct ...
MOLECULAR FORMULAS N C H H C N H HHH HH
... 4. (9 points) Gold, Au, is dissolved from rock by treating the rock with NaCN in the presence of oxygen. 4 Au(s) + 8 NaCN(aq) + O2(g) + 2 H2O(l) → 4 NaAu(CN)2(aq) + 4 NaOH(aq) (a) If you have 0.050 mol of gold, the number of moles of NaCN required is __________ mol and the number of moles of O2 requ ...
... 4. (9 points) Gold, Au, is dissolved from rock by treating the rock with NaCN in the presence of oxygen. 4 Au(s) + 8 NaCN(aq) + O2(g) + 2 H2O(l) → 4 NaAu(CN)2(aq) + 4 NaOH(aq) (a) If you have 0.050 mol of gold, the number of moles of NaCN required is __________ mol and the number of moles of O2 requ ...
Chapter 7 Alkenes and Alkynes I
... The second step of the E1 mechanism in which the carbocation forms is rate determining The transition state for this reaction has carbocation character Tertiary alcohols react the fastest because they have the most stable tertiary carbocation-like transition state in the second step Chapter 7 ...
... The second step of the E1 mechanism in which the carbocation forms is rate determining The transition state for this reaction has carbocation character Tertiary alcohols react the fastest because they have the most stable tertiary carbocation-like transition state in the second step Chapter 7 ...
13. amines - WordPress.com
... towards nitrogen and thus makes the unshared electron pair more available for sharing with the proton of the acid. Also the substituted ammonium ion formed from the amine gets stabilized charge by the +I effect of the alkyl group. Hence, alkyl amines are stronger bases than ammonia. The basic nature ...
... towards nitrogen and thus makes the unshared electron pair more available for sharing with the proton of the acid. Also the substituted ammonium ion formed from the amine gets stabilized charge by the +I effect of the alkyl group. Hence, alkyl amines are stronger bases than ammonia. The basic nature ...
reactions.html Reaction 1. Electrophilic addition of
... PCC (pyridinium chlorochromate) for oxidation of 1o alcohols to aldehydes (2o alcohols are oxidized to ketones with PCC) Jones' reagent (CrO3/H2SO4/H2O/acetone) or dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) for oxidation of 1o alcohols to carboxylic acids and 2o alcohols to ketones ...
... PCC (pyridinium chlorochromate) for oxidation of 1o alcohols to aldehydes (2o alcohols are oxidized to ketones with PCC) Jones' reagent (CrO3/H2SO4/H2O/acetone) or dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) for oxidation of 1o alcohols to carboxylic acids and 2o alcohols to ketones ...
Petasis reaction
The Petasis reaction (alternatively called the Petasis borono–Mannich (PBM) reaction) is the chemical reaction of an amine, aldehyde, and vinyl- or aryl-boronic acid to form substituted amines.Reported in 1993 by Nicos Petasis as a practical method towards the synthesis of a geometrically pure antifungal agent, naftifine, the Petasis reaction can be described as a variation of the Mannich reaction. Rather than generating an enolate to form the substituted amine product, in the Petasis reaction, the vinyl group of the organoboronic acid serves as the nucleophile. In comparison to other methods of generating allyl amines, the Petasis reaction tolerates a multifunctional scaffold, with a variety of amines and organoboronic acids as potential starting materials. Additionally, the reaction does not require anhydrous or inert conditions. As a mild, selective synthesis, the Petasis reaction is useful in generating α-amino acids, and is utilized in combinatorial chemistry and drug discovery.