CARBONYL COMPOUNDS ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
... of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. A variety of oxidizing agents can be used, including CrO3, Na2Cr2O7, K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4. Aldehydes are also oxidized selectively in the presence of other functional groups using silver(I) oxide in aqueous ammonium hydroxide. This is called Tollens reagent. Because ke ...
... of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. A variety of oxidizing agents can be used, including CrO3, Na2Cr2O7, K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4. Aldehydes are also oxidized selectively in the presence of other functional groups using silver(I) oxide in aqueous ammonium hydroxide. This is called Tollens reagent. Because ke ...
Sodium tungstate dihydrate - Revista Virtual de Química
... N-monoalkylhydroxylamines, important biologically active compounds, in the presence of UHP (urea-hydrogen peroxide adduct). This method can be applied for several primary amines, including chiral benzylic amines, α-1,2-hydroxylamines and α-amino esters, yields ranging from 65% to 80%.16 ...
... N-monoalkylhydroxylamines, important biologically active compounds, in the presence of UHP (urea-hydrogen peroxide adduct). This method can be applied for several primary amines, including chiral benzylic amines, α-1,2-hydroxylamines and α-amino esters, yields ranging from 65% to 80%.16 ...
Experiment 7-Reduction
... alcohols. Alternatively, if the R groups are identical the chiral ketone will produce an achiral alcohol. Since both NaBH4 and LiAlH4 are achiral, all reactions produce a racemic mixture. The activation energies leading to each enantiomer are of equal energy, so each will form in the same proportion ...
... alcohols. Alternatively, if the R groups are identical the chiral ketone will produce an achiral alcohol. Since both NaBH4 and LiAlH4 are achiral, all reactions produce a racemic mixture. The activation energies leading to each enantiomer are of equal energy, so each will form in the same proportion ...
Microsoft Word - Ethesis@nitr
... The most important methods for preparing this class of heterocycles are the reaction between hydrazines with β-difunctional compounds25 and 1, 3-dipolar cycloadditions of diazo compounds onto triple bonds26. The former process, considered to be the best method for the preparation of pyrazoles, invol ...
... The most important methods for preparing this class of heterocycles are the reaction between hydrazines with β-difunctional compounds25 and 1, 3-dipolar cycloadditions of diazo compounds onto triple bonds26. The former process, considered to be the best method for the preparation of pyrazoles, invol ...
CHEM 212B, Organic Chemistry - City College of San Francisco
... 2. Graded computer assignments for molecular modeling and NMR problems which include answering questions and interpretation of the results. 3. Written quizzes covering concepts from lab and lecture, such as determining the final product of a Diels-Alder reaction. 4. Written examinations requiring de ...
... 2. Graded computer assignments for molecular modeling and NMR problems which include answering questions and interpretation of the results. 3. Written quizzes covering concepts from lab and lecture, such as determining the final product of a Diels-Alder reaction. 4. Written examinations requiring de ...
Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical Enhancing
... and chlorination respectively. During chlorination very poor results were obtained and results of iodination were found to be compatible with the previous one (Table 1). To determine the accelerating effect of microwaves during the conversion, we determined the percentage of benzyl bromide formed fr ...
... and chlorination respectively. During chlorination very poor results were obtained and results of iodination were found to be compatible with the previous one (Table 1). To determine the accelerating effect of microwaves during the conversion, we determined the percentage of benzyl bromide formed fr ...
Catalytic Functionalization of Methyl Group on Silicon: Iridium
... been important feedstocks in the industrial production of siliconbased materials including silicone resins, elastomers, and oils. In addition to these oligomers and polymers, a number of organosilicon compounds have been synthesized from methylchlorosilanes and utilized in organic and inorganic synt ...
... been important feedstocks in the industrial production of siliconbased materials including silicone resins, elastomers, and oils. In addition to these oligomers and polymers, a number of organosilicon compounds have been synthesized from methylchlorosilanes and utilized in organic and inorganic synt ...
Salame - The City College of New York
... Any student who misses more than four classes will be dropped from the course. Statement on Academic Integrity The CCNY policy on academic integrity will be followed in this course. The document can be found through the CCNY website by clicking on Current Students Academic Services Policy on Aca ...
... Any student who misses more than four classes will be dropped from the course. Statement on Academic Integrity The CCNY policy on academic integrity will be followed in this course. The document can be found through the CCNY website by clicking on Current Students Academic Services Policy on Aca ...
Nucleophilic substitution at saturated carbon
... In the transition state, the angles are increasing towards 120° and all interactions with the leaving group are diminishing as it moves away. There is steric acceleration in the SN1 reaction rather than steric hindrance. This, as well as the stability of t-alkyl cations, is why t-alkyl compounds rea ...
... In the transition state, the angles are increasing towards 120° and all interactions with the leaving group are diminishing as it moves away. There is steric acceleration in the SN1 reaction rather than steric hindrance. This, as well as the stability of t-alkyl cations, is why t-alkyl compounds rea ...
Chapter 24. Amines
... is chiral (in principle but not in practice): the lone pair of electrons is the fourth substituent Most amines that have 3 different substituents on N are not resolved because the molecules interconvert by pyramidal inversion ...
... is chiral (in principle but not in practice): the lone pair of electrons is the fourth substituent Most amines that have 3 different substituents on N are not resolved because the molecules interconvert by pyramidal inversion ...
( +)-Limonene Oxidation with Selenium Dioxide
... hydrogen peroxide and only a catalytic amount of selenium dioxide. Among the oxidation products was a new 1,4-epoxide derivative (6 in Scheme I) whose structure was determined and whose mechanism for formation was explored. Table I lists the products identified from selenium dioxide-hydrogen peroxid ...
... hydrogen peroxide and only a catalytic amount of selenium dioxide. Among the oxidation products was a new 1,4-epoxide derivative (6 in Scheme I) whose structure was determined and whose mechanism for formation was explored. Table I lists the products identified from selenium dioxide-hydrogen peroxid ...
Experiment 7 — Nucleophilic Substitution
... Pre-lab preparation (1) Textbook Ch 8 covers the SN2 and SN1 mechanisms. Read/review as necessary. (2) Write the SN2 reaction of 1-bromobutane with NaI. Illustrate the electron flow with curved arrows. Since this is a one-step reaction, you've just written the mechanism. (3) Write a balanced equatio ...
... Pre-lab preparation (1) Textbook Ch 8 covers the SN2 and SN1 mechanisms. Read/review as necessary. (2) Write the SN2 reaction of 1-bromobutane with NaI. Illustrate the electron flow with curved arrows. Since this is a one-step reaction, you've just written the mechanism. (3) Write a balanced equatio ...
Page 1 - WordPress.com
... (i) Write an equation for the incomplete combustion of the alkane C8H18 to produce carbon monoxide and water only. (ii) One isomer of C8H18 is 2,2,3-‐trimethylpentane. Draw the ...
... (i) Write an equation for the incomplete combustion of the alkane C8H18 to produce carbon monoxide and water only. (ii) One isomer of C8H18 is 2,2,3-‐trimethylpentane. Draw the ...
Chapter 20. Aldehydes and Ketones
... From cyclopentane and any other organic compounds of 3 carbons or less. ...
... From cyclopentane and any other organic compounds of 3 carbons or less. ...
4.14 Halogenation of Alkanes RH + X2 → RX + HX RH + X2 → RX +
... Percentage of Product that Results from Substitution of Indicated Hydrogen if Every Collision with Chlorine Atoms is ...
... Percentage of Product that Results from Substitution of Indicated Hydrogen if Every Collision with Chlorine Atoms is ...
Methodology for the olefination of aldehydes and ketones via the Meyer-Schuster reaction
... Our lab was faced with a synthetic challenge during studies towards the total synthesis of the anti-malaria drug, artemisinin. Known methods such as the Aldol condensation, the HornerWadsworth-Emmons and the Wittig reactions were ineffective for the olefination of hindered ketones. We were required ...
... Our lab was faced with a synthetic challenge during studies towards the total synthesis of the anti-malaria drug, artemisinin. Known methods such as the Aldol condensation, the HornerWadsworth-Emmons and the Wittig reactions were ineffective for the olefination of hindered ketones. We were required ...
Chapter 9 Stoichiometry
... The Heat of Reaction At the start of a reaction the reactants have a great heat content. Enthalpy is the amount of heat that a substance has at a given temperature and pressure (see Table 8.1 pg 190) The heat of a reaction is the heat that is released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. Heat of ...
... The Heat of Reaction At the start of a reaction the reactants have a great heat content. Enthalpy is the amount of heat that a substance has at a given temperature and pressure (see Table 8.1 pg 190) The heat of a reaction is the heat that is released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. Heat of ...
Alkyl and Aryl Halides
... nucleophile, resulting in inversion of configuration at a stereogenic center. Stereochemistry of the SN2 reaction ...
... nucleophile, resulting in inversion of configuration at a stereogenic center. Stereochemistry of the SN2 reaction ...
Preparation of Cyclic Urethanes from Amino Alcohols and Carbon
... of amino alcohols with urea can produce cyclic urethanes with good yields [8-10]. However, these reactions will require the recovery of ammonia, if they are employed for the production of cyclic urethane in large scales. This can be an economical disadvantage of them. Under these circumstances, the ...
... of amino alcohols with urea can produce cyclic urethanes with good yields [8-10]. However, these reactions will require the recovery of ammonia, if they are employed for the production of cyclic urethane in large scales. This can be an economical disadvantage of them. Under these circumstances, the ...
Demonstrate skill in organic chemistry techniques.
... Predict reactions of alkenes. Learning Objectives Demonstrate understanding of electrophilic additions. Predict products of reactions of alkenes, including regiochemistry and stereochemistry. Explain observed products of alkene reactions using a mechanistic approach. Solve multistep synthesis proble ...
... Predict reactions of alkenes. Learning Objectives Demonstrate understanding of electrophilic additions. Predict products of reactions of alkenes, including regiochemistry and stereochemistry. Explain observed products of alkene reactions using a mechanistic approach. Solve multistep synthesis proble ...
ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS
... conditions remain key problems. It is especially important to identify reactions that are based on readily available starting materials and reagents. Although mixing metal complexes and ligands in situ is a common way to evaluate catalyst performance and is used widely in organic synthesis, in many ...
... conditions remain key problems. It is especially important to identify reactions that are based on readily available starting materials and reagents. Although mixing metal complexes and ligands in situ is a common way to evaluate catalyst performance and is used widely in organic synthesis, in many ...
Discodermolide
(+)-Discodermolide is a polyketide natural product found to stabilize microtubule. (+)-discodermolide was isolated by Gunasekera and his co-workers at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute from the deep-sea sponge Discodermia dissoluta in 1990. (+)-Discodermolide was found to be a potent inhibitor of tumor cell growth in several MDR cancer cell lines. (+)-discodermolide also shows some unique characters, including a linear backbone structure, immunosuppressive properties both in vitro and in vivo, potent induction of an accelerated senescence phenotype, and synergistic antiproliferative activity in combination with paclitaxel. Discodermolide was recognized as one of the most potent natural promoters of tubulin assembly. A large number of efforts toward the total synthesis of (+)-discodermolide were directed by its interesting biological activities and extreme scarcity of natural sources (0.002% w/w from frozen marine sponge). The compound supply necessary for complete clinical trials cannot be met by harvesting, isolation, and purification. As of 2005, attempts at synthesis or semi-synthesis by fermentation have proven unsuccessful. As a result, all discodermolide used in preclinical studies and clinical trials has come from large-scale total synthesis.