Document
... “What sets the carbon atom apart is that it is shamelessly promiscuous. It is the party animal of the atomic world, latching onto many other atoms (including itself) and holding tight, forming molecular conga lines of hearty robustness-the very trick of nature necessary to build proteins and DNA.” - ...
... “What sets the carbon atom apart is that it is shamelessly promiscuous. It is the party animal of the atomic world, latching onto many other atoms (including itself) and holding tight, forming molecular conga lines of hearty robustness-the very trick of nature necessary to build proteins and DNA.” - ...
SBI4U: Biochemistry Functional Groups Activity Molecular Shape
... other carbons to make chains, branches, and rings, and it can have single, double, or triple bonds! Using your molecule model kit, build each of the simple organic molecules listed below. Use the appropriate connectors specified by your teacher to distinguish between single and double bonds. 1. Etha ...
... other carbons to make chains, branches, and rings, and it can have single, double, or triple bonds! Using your molecule model kit, build each of the simple organic molecules listed below. Use the appropriate connectors specified by your teacher to distinguish between single and double bonds. 1. Etha ...
Organic Chemistry Notes
... Number the compound to give the double/triple bond the lowest possible number. If the number is the same starting from either end, start the numbering from the end closest to the first branch point (where a group is attached). Easy way to remember bond endings: Use alphabetical order: Single bonds ...
... Number the compound to give the double/triple bond the lowest possible number. If the number is the same starting from either end, start the numbering from the end closest to the first branch point (where a group is attached). Easy way to remember bond endings: Use alphabetical order: Single bonds ...
NACOS with Nitroxy Radicals as Cocatalysts: An Efficient, Green
... Introduction Selective oxidation of organic compounds, as highlighted by Technology Vision 2020 report, is one of the major challenges facing the chemical industry. The selective transformation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones, in particular, is among the most important synthetic operations in o ...
... Introduction Selective oxidation of organic compounds, as highlighted by Technology Vision 2020 report, is one of the major challenges facing the chemical industry. The selective transformation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones, in particular, is among the most important synthetic operations in o ...
Monosaccharide
... • Almost all natural monosaccharides belong to the D series. • The maximum number of possible stereoisomers is 2n, where n = number of chiral carbon atoms. • Half of stereoisomers are D and the other other half are L. ...
... • Almost all natural monosaccharides belong to the D series. • The maximum number of possible stereoisomers is 2n, where n = number of chiral carbon atoms. • Half of stereoisomers are D and the other other half are L. ...
Unit-8-Alcohols-Aldehydes
... The IUPAC rules for naming alcohols • Find the longest carbon chain containing the carbon to which the hydroxyl group is attached. • Remove the “-e” ending and replace with “-ol” • Number the carbon chain from the end closest to the ...
... The IUPAC rules for naming alcohols • Find the longest carbon chain containing the carbon to which the hydroxyl group is attached. • Remove the “-e” ending and replace with “-ol” • Number the carbon chain from the end closest to the ...
notes07
... Before learning how hydrocarbons react with oxygen in flames, we must first go over some nomenclature for the different classes of hydrocarbons. 2.1. Alkanes (paraffins): These molecules consist of carbon atoms which are all connected by single bonds and are saturated with hydrogen atoms (i.e. no mo ...
... Before learning how hydrocarbons react with oxygen in flames, we must first go over some nomenclature for the different classes of hydrocarbons. 2.1. Alkanes (paraffins): These molecules consist of carbon atoms which are all connected by single bonds and are saturated with hydrogen atoms (i.e. no mo ...
Boiling-Point Elevation of a Solution
... Aldehydes and ketones share the carbonyl functional group which features carbon doubly bonded to oxygen. In the case of ketones there are two carbon atoms bonded to the carbonyl carbon and no hydrogens. In the case of aldehydes there is at least one hydrogen bonded to the carbonyl carbon, the other ...
... Aldehydes and ketones share the carbonyl functional group which features carbon doubly bonded to oxygen. In the case of ketones there are two carbon atoms bonded to the carbonyl carbon and no hydrogens. In the case of aldehydes there is at least one hydrogen bonded to the carbonyl carbon, the other ...
Hydrogen bonding
... • The two other products of the reaction (sulphur dioxide and HCl) are both gases. That means that they separate themselves from the reaction mixture. ...
... • The two other products of the reaction (sulphur dioxide and HCl) are both gases. That means that they separate themselves from the reaction mixture. ...
week 4_carbohydrates
... water. Mutarotation produces an equilibrium mixture of α and β- forms in both furanose and pyranose ring structures. ...
... water. Mutarotation produces an equilibrium mixture of α and β- forms in both furanose and pyranose ring structures. ...
Ethers and Epoxides
... Ethers • R–O–R ~ tetrahedral bond angle (112° in dimethyl ether) • Oxygen is sp3-hybridized • Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight dipole moment • Diethyl ether prepared industrially by sulfuric acid– catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
... Ethers • R–O–R ~ tetrahedral bond angle (112° in dimethyl ether) • Oxygen is sp3-hybridized • Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight dipole moment • Diethyl ether prepared industrially by sulfuric acid– catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
Common aldehydes and ketones
... • A compound containing a carbonyl group (C=O) is normally in rapid equilibrium with an enol tautomer, which contains a pair of doubly bonded carbon atoms adjacent to a hydroxyl (−OH) group, C=C-OH. The keto form predominates at equilibrium for most ketones. Nonetheless, the enol form is important f ...
... • A compound containing a carbonyl group (C=O) is normally in rapid equilibrium with an enol tautomer, which contains a pair of doubly bonded carbon atoms adjacent to a hydroxyl (−OH) group, C=C-OH. The keto form predominates at equilibrium for most ketones. Nonetheless, the enol form is important f ...
Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry
... recognize and name carboxylic acids both by common and IUPAC names. describe the physical properties of carboxylic acids, especially with respect to their intermolecular interactions. describe the acidity or carboxylic acids with particular emphasis as compared to mineral acids. describe resonance a ...
... recognize and name carboxylic acids both by common and IUPAC names. describe the physical properties of carboxylic acids, especially with respect to their intermolecular interactions. describe the acidity or carboxylic acids with particular emphasis as compared to mineral acids. describe resonance a ...
Fig. 7
... CH3-OH CH3CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH ...
... CH3-OH CH3CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH ...
Contents - Personal WWW Pages
... contains 16 or 18 electrons. (N.B. significant concentration is defined as one which can be detected either spectroscopically or inferred from kinetics). Rule 2: Organometallic reactions proceed by a series of elementary steps involving only intermediates with 16 or 18 electrons. These rules, togeth ...
... contains 16 or 18 electrons. (N.B. significant concentration is defined as one which can be detected either spectroscopically or inferred from kinetics). Rule 2: Organometallic reactions proceed by a series of elementary steps involving only intermediates with 16 or 18 electrons. These rules, togeth ...
Activity - OChemOnline
... Do not quench your inspiration and your imagination; do not become the slave of your model. Vincent Van Gogh ...
... Do not quench your inspiration and your imagination; do not become the slave of your model. Vincent Van Gogh ...
Notes: Alcohols, Ethers, Phenols and Thiols
... An ether is a hydrocarbon with an oxygen sandwiched between the carbons. They are very useful in organic chemistry. They tend to by very good solvents, much like water, and have relatively low reactivity. They are very resistant to oxidizing agents like potassium dichromate and potassium permanganat ...
... An ether is a hydrocarbon with an oxygen sandwiched between the carbons. They are very useful in organic chemistry. They tend to by very good solvents, much like water, and have relatively low reactivity. They are very resistant to oxidizing agents like potassium dichromate and potassium permanganat ...
Chapter 14
... single bonds in cyclohexane to make a 1,6-diol with two extra carbons! So, rather than looking at the starting material, look at the target molecule and look at the first disconnection shown by the wavy line. If we had the dialdehyde (dihexanal) then we could do a Grignard reaction with methyl magne ...
... single bonds in cyclohexane to make a 1,6-diol with two extra carbons! So, rather than looking at the starting material, look at the target molecule and look at the first disconnection shown by the wavy line. If we had the dialdehyde (dihexanal) then we could do a Grignard reaction with methyl magne ...
Alkene
In organic chemistry, an alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon double bond. Alkene, olefin, and olefine are used often interchangeably (see nomenclature section below). Acyclic alkenes, with only one double bond and no other functional groups, known as mono-enes, form a homologous series of hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n. Alkenes have two hydrogen atoms less than the corresponding alkane (with the same number of carbon atoms). The simplest alkene, ethylene (C2H4), which has the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) name ethene is the organic compound produced on the largest scale industrially. Aromatic compounds are often drawn as cyclic alkenes, but their structure and properties are different and they are not considered to be alkenes.