Pathology of Pulmonary Infections
... infection Chronic infection described in many body sites – lung, gut, kidneys, lymph nodes, skin…. Pathology characterised by delayed (type IV) hypersensitivity (granulomas with necrosis) ...
... infection Chronic infection described in many body sites – lung, gut, kidneys, lymph nodes, skin…. Pathology characterised by delayed (type IV) hypersensitivity (granulomas with necrosis) ...
APŽVALGINIS STRAIPSNIS
... Key words: tuberculosis; tuberculin skin test; interferon-gamma; ELISPOT; T-SPOT TB. Summary. Tuberculosis is one of the biggest global health problems. One-third of the worlds population (2 billion) is latently infected with tuberculosis. The tuberculin skin test is commonly used to diagnose tuber ...
... Key words: tuberculosis; tuberculin skin test; interferon-gamma; ELISPOT; T-SPOT TB. Summary. Tuberculosis is one of the biggest global health problems. One-third of the worlds population (2 billion) is latently infected with tuberculosis. The tuberculin skin test is commonly used to diagnose tuber ...
Module 1.2 Slides
... the lungs (pulmonary TB, or PTB) but can also attack any part of the body (extrapulmonary TB, or EPTB) ...
... the lungs (pulmonary TB, or PTB) but can also attack any part of the body (extrapulmonary TB, or EPTB) ...
Case Study- Germ Theory
... Tuberculosis • Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that has plagued humankind for most or all of its history. • Evidence of the disease has been found in mummified Egyptian and Peruvian remains from as early as 4000 years ago. • The pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb), was identified in 18 ...
... Tuberculosis • Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that has plagued humankind for most or all of its history. • Evidence of the disease has been found in mummified Egyptian and Peruvian remains from as early as 4000 years ago. • The pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb), was identified in 18 ...
Prevention of Tuberculosis in Kuwait
... laryngeal) TB which are sputum smear-positive and culture-positive (if culture is available). • Potentially infectious TB: all cases of respiratory (pulmonary or laryngeal) TB which are sputum smearnegative and culture-positive (susceptible, MDR-TB or XDR-TB). • Non-infectious TB: all cases of respi ...
... laryngeal) TB which are sputum smear-positive and culture-positive (if culture is available). • Potentially infectious TB: all cases of respiratory (pulmonary or laryngeal) TB which are sputum smearnegative and culture-positive (susceptible, MDR-TB or XDR-TB). • Non-infectious TB: all cases of respi ...
MenACWY Information Pack
... The MenACWY vaccine does not protect against all causes of meningitis and septicaemia ...
... The MenACWY vaccine does not protect against all causes of meningitis and septicaemia ...
Latent TB Infection - National Center for Health in Public Housing
... *All races are non-Hispanic. Persons reporting two or more races accounted for less than 1% of all cases. ** American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander accounted for less than 1% of foreign-born cases and are not shown. ...
... *All races are non-Hispanic. Persons reporting two or more races accounted for less than 1% of all cases. ** American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander accounted for less than 1% of foreign-born cases and are not shown. ...
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS ANNUAL UPDATE
... Flu-like, fatigue, appetite loss; Colon ulcers & inflammation; Lung disease, anemia increase; Jaundice; Liver problems; Fever, acne, and joint pain. ...
... Flu-like, fatigue, appetite loss; Colon ulcers & inflammation; Lung disease, anemia increase; Jaundice; Liver problems; Fever, acne, and joint pain. ...
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
... According to [1], prevention has focused on identifying infected individuals early, especially those who run the highest risk of developing active disease and treating them with drugs in a programme of directly observed therapy. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) pointe ...
... According to [1], prevention has focused on identifying infected individuals early, especially those who run the highest risk of developing active disease and treating them with drugs in a programme of directly observed therapy. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) pointe ...
Fundamentals of TB Pre- and Post
... 3. What is the most common site for TB disease? a. larynx b. pleura c. lungs d. lymph nodes e. brain 4. A definitive diagnosis of TB is made with a: a. Mantoux tuberculin skin test b. chest x-ray c. smear d. culture e. thorough medical history 5. Which of the following medical conditions places a pe ...
... 3. What is the most common site for TB disease? a. larynx b. pleura c. lungs d. lymph nodes e. brain 4. A definitive diagnosis of TB is made with a: a. Mantoux tuberculin skin test b. chest x-ray c. smear d. culture e. thorough medical history 5. Which of the following medical conditions places a pe ...
DOC - Global Tuberculosis Institute
... 3. What is the most common site for TB disease? a. larynx b. pleura c. lungs d. lymph nodes e. brain 4. A definitive diagnosis of TB is made with a: a. Mantoux tuberculin skin test b. chest x-ray c. smear d. culture e. thorough medical history 5. Which of the following medical conditions places a pe ...
... 3. What is the most common site for TB disease? a. larynx b. pleura c. lungs d. lymph nodes e. brain 4. A definitive diagnosis of TB is made with a: a. Mantoux tuberculin skin test b. chest x-ray c. smear d. culture e. thorough medical history 5. Which of the following medical conditions places a pe ...
Common Infectious Disease Review
... 2. What is a virus? And how do they differ from other pathogens? A virus is the smallest pathogen that can only multiply after entering a living cell. ...
... 2. What is a virus? And how do they differ from other pathogens? A virus is the smallest pathogen that can only multiply after entering a living cell. ...
Reporting Tuberculosis and Suspected Cases in California Fact Sheet
... amplification test (NAAT) which is positive for M. tuberculosis complex on a clinical specimen. 3. Any person who 1) demonstrates signs and symptoms compatible with TB (e.g. abnormal chest radiograph or other chest imaging study, or clinical evidence of current disease such as: fever, night sweats, ...
... amplification test (NAAT) which is positive for M. tuberculosis complex on a clinical specimen. 3. Any person who 1) demonstrates signs and symptoms compatible with TB (e.g. abnormal chest radiograph or other chest imaging study, or clinical evidence of current disease such as: fever, night sweats, ...
Tuberculosis - GEOCITIES.ws
... coughed/sneezed. This will largely affect the respiratory tract – therefore causing pulmonary tuberculosis – agent being: mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ingestion of milk can also cause TB – agent being: mycobacterium bovis. Virulence (Robbins pg 349) The pathogenicity of M.tuberculosis is characterise ...
... coughed/sneezed. This will largely affect the respiratory tract – therefore causing pulmonary tuberculosis – agent being: mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ingestion of milk can also cause TB – agent being: mycobacterium bovis. Virulence (Robbins pg 349) The pathogenicity of M.tuberculosis is characterise ...
Tuberculosis - Ministry of Health
... Once a person with pulmonary TB has been commenced on effective treatment, the risk of transmission declines over 2–4 weeks to negligible levels in most cases. Therefore most people with pulmonary TB who have been on at least 2 weeks of effective antituberculous treatment can be considered non-infec ...
... Once a person with pulmonary TB has been commenced on effective treatment, the risk of transmission declines over 2–4 weeks to negligible levels in most cases. Therefore most people with pulmonary TB who have been on at least 2 weeks of effective antituberculous treatment can be considered non-infec ...
Routes of Bacterial Infection
... activation of CD4+ T-cells, leading to tissue destruction by a cell-mediated response with characteristics of a delayed type hypersensitivity ...
... activation of CD4+ T-cells, leading to tissue destruction by a cell-mediated response with characteristics of a delayed type hypersensitivity ...
Lecture 9: Tuberculosis
... • Tuberculosis is more common in elderly persons. • More than one-fourth of the nearly 23,000 cases of TB reported in the United States in 1995 developed in people above age 65. • Many elderly patients developed the infection some years ago when the disease was more widespread. • Those living in nur ...
... • Tuberculosis is more common in elderly persons. • More than one-fourth of the nearly 23,000 cases of TB reported in the United States in 1995 developed in people above age 65. • Many elderly patients developed the infection some years ago when the disease was more widespread. • Those living in nur ...
erythema nodosum - Dr. Raj Kumar Sharma
... CHARACTERISED BY TENDER, ERYTHEMATOOUS SUB CUTANEOUS NODULES PRIMARILY AFFECTING THE LOWER EXTREMITIES MOST COMMEN TYPE OF PANNICULITIS AGE 20 TO 30 YEARS BUT ANY AGE GROUP MAY BE AFFECTED FEMALE:MALE 3-6 :1 ...
... CHARACTERISED BY TENDER, ERYTHEMATOOUS SUB CUTANEOUS NODULES PRIMARILY AFFECTING THE LOWER EXTREMITIES MOST COMMEN TYPE OF PANNICULITIS AGE 20 TO 30 YEARS BUT ANY AGE GROUP MAY BE AFFECTED FEMALE:MALE 3-6 :1 ...
Tuberculosis
... in the development of granulomas. The infiltration of cells into the lungs during the early innate response becomes organised into a primary granuloma with centrally located macrophages. This leads to the formation of a larger well-organised solid granuloma when adaptive immunity is initiated with t ...
... in the development of granulomas. The infiltration of cells into the lungs during the early innate response becomes organised into a primary granuloma with centrally located macrophages. This leads to the formation of a larger well-organised solid granuloma when adaptive immunity is initiated with t ...
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB (short for tubercle bacillus), in the past also called phthisis, phthisis pulmonalis, or consumption, is a widespread, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air when people who have an active TB infection cough, sneeze, or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air. Most infections do not have symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis. About one in ten latent infections eventually progresses to active disease which, if left untreated, kills more than 50% of those so infected.The classic symptoms of active TB infection are a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss (the last of these giving rise to the formerly common term for the disease, ""consumption""). Infection of other organs causes a wide range of symptoms. Diagnosis of active TB relies on radiology (commonly chest X-rays), as well as microscopic examination and microbiological culture of body fluids. Diagnosis of latent TB relies on the tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or blood tests. Treatment is difficult and requires administration of multiple antibiotics over a long period of time. Household, workplace and social contacts are also screened and treated if necessary. Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem in multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) infections. Prevention relies on early detection and treatment of cases and on screening programs and vaccination with the bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine.One-third of the world's population is thought to have been infected with M. tuberculosis, and new infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. In 2007, an estimated 13.7 million chronic cases were active globally, while in 2013, an estimated 9 million new cases occurred. In 2013 there were between 1.3 and 1.5 million associated deaths, most of which occurred in developing countries. The total number of tuberculosis cases has been decreasing since 2006, and new cases have decreased since 2002. The rate of tuberculosis in different areas varies across the globe; about 80% of the population in many Asian and African countries tests positive in tuberculin tests, while only 5–10% of the United States population tests positive. More people in the developing world contract tuberculosis because of a poor immune system, largely due to high rates of HIV infection and the corresponding development of AIDS.