Unitaid and Tuberculosis
... • Current MDR-TB regimens are complex, expensive, long, toxic, and often ineffective. Unitaid will speed up access to better, shorter MDR-TB treatments. • TB is one of the top 10 causes of death in children, and those with TB are treated with suboptimal medicines, if at all. Unitaid will scal ...
... • Current MDR-TB regimens are complex, expensive, long, toxic, and often ineffective. Unitaid will speed up access to better, shorter MDR-TB treatments. • TB is one of the top 10 causes of death in children, and those with TB are treated with suboptimal medicines, if at all. Unitaid will scal ...
How HIV Progresses to AIDS
... Once a person has been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the progress of the disease is influenced by factors both within and outside of the patient’s control. An effective form of HIV treatment, called highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), was introduced in 1996 and fore ...
... Once a person has been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the progress of the disease is influenced by factors both within and outside of the patient’s control. An effective form of HIV treatment, called highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), was introduced in 1996 and fore ...
Tetanus Factsheet
... Tetanus is sometimes found in dust and animal faeces. Infection may occur after minor injury (sometimes unnoticed punctures tto o the skin that are contaminated with soil, dust or manure) or after major injuries such as open fractures, dirty or deep penetrating wounds, and burns. Tetanus is not pass ...
... Tetanus is sometimes found in dust and animal faeces. Infection may occur after minor injury (sometimes unnoticed punctures tto o the skin that are contaminated with soil, dust or manure) or after major injuries such as open fractures, dirty or deep penetrating wounds, and burns. Tetanus is not pass ...
Document
... Clinical diagnosis of meningitis or septicaemia or other invasive disease where the public health physician, in consultation with the clinician and microbiologist, considers that diagnoses other than meningococcal disease are at least as likely. This category includes cases who may have been treated ...
... Clinical diagnosis of meningitis or septicaemia or other invasive disease where the public health physician, in consultation with the clinician and microbiologist, considers that diagnoses other than meningococcal disease are at least as likely. This category includes cases who may have been treated ...
Emerging Diseases: Causes and Effects
... of antigenic drifts and shifts in the virus. As of 2003, vaccines for malaria are currently in development. There is a vaccine against Lyme disease but prevention by minimizing exposure to ticks, is more common. There is a West Nile virus vaccine for livestock, and human vaccines are in development. ...
... of antigenic drifts and shifts in the virus. As of 2003, vaccines for malaria are currently in development. There is a vaccine against Lyme disease but prevention by minimizing exposure to ticks, is more common. There is a West Nile virus vaccine for livestock, and human vaccines are in development. ...
EVD - UNSSECAA
... Ebola virus disease outbreaks can devastate families and communities, but the infection can be controlled through the use of recommended protective measures in clinics and hospitals, at community gatherings, or at home. Preventive measures include public health messages focusing ...
... Ebola virus disease outbreaks can devastate families and communities, but the infection can be controlled through the use of recommended protective measures in clinics and hospitals, at community gatherings, or at home. Preventive measures include public health messages focusing ...
Medical arthropod
... a poison into the body of humans and animals. e.g. Biting from toxic spiders. ...
... a poison into the body of humans and animals. e.g. Biting from toxic spiders. ...
Standard Precautions and Bloodborne Pathogens
... with HIV, some people develop flu-like symptoms that last for a week or two, but others have no symptoms at all. People living with HIV may appear and feel healthy for several years. However, even if they feel healthy, HIV is still affecting their bodies. All people with HIV should be seen on a regu ...
... with HIV, some people develop flu-like symptoms that last for a week or two, but others have no symptoms at all. People living with HIV may appear and feel healthy for several years. However, even if they feel healthy, HIV is still affecting their bodies. All people with HIV should be seen on a regu ...
REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS/DISEASES IN FEMALE
... Supportive treatment with antibiotics. Brucellosis: (Bang’s disease). This disease is contagious as well as infectious. It is caused by the organism called Brucella abortus. It is usually found in pregnant uterus but can also localize in other tissues such as the udder or in the testes. The diseas ...
... Supportive treatment with antibiotics. Brucellosis: (Bang’s disease). This disease is contagious as well as infectious. It is caused by the organism called Brucella abortus. It is usually found in pregnant uterus but can also localize in other tissues such as the udder or in the testes. The diseas ...
Chlamydia trachomatis
... (walking pneumonia) similar to those caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumoniae. In addition it can cause a pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and possibly atherosclerosis. The organism was originally called the TWAR strain from the names of the two original isolates - Taiwan (TW-183) ...
... (walking pneumonia) similar to those caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumoniae. In addition it can cause a pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and possibly atherosclerosis. The organism was originally called the TWAR strain from the names of the two original isolates - Taiwan (TW-183) ...
Wildlife diseases in South Africa: a review
... in the maintaining and cycling of rinderpest, which may then become endemic, especially if a milder strain of disease is involved (37). Rinderpest appears to be primarily a disease of cattle, which spills over into adjoining wild ungulate populations. But it can also cycle for a period in wild ungul ...
... in the maintaining and cycling of rinderpest, which may then become endemic, especially if a milder strain of disease is involved (37). Rinderpest appears to be primarily a disease of cattle, which spills over into adjoining wild ungulate populations. But it can also cycle for a period in wild ungul ...
John Cassel, The potentialities and limitations of epidemiology
... society. This change in the nature of our major health problems had only occurred over the last 40-50 years. During this period the diseases which for thousands of years have been the cripplers and killers of mankind have decreased to their lowest point in human history, but have been replaced by a ...
... society. This change in the nature of our major health problems had only occurred over the last 40-50 years. During this period the diseases which for thousands of years have been the cripplers and killers of mankind have decreased to their lowest point in human history, but have been replaced by a ...
Toxoplasmosis
... results in shedding of oocysts (eggs) in the faeces, but an immune response rapidly develops which halts both shedding of eggs and replication of the organism in the body. Despite the immune response, infection still persists in the form of microscopic cysts present in some tissues of the body, alth ...
... results in shedding of oocysts (eggs) in the faeces, but an immune response rapidly develops which halts both shedding of eggs and replication of the organism in the body. Despite the immune response, infection still persists in the form of microscopic cysts present in some tissues of the body, alth ...
Take a shot for good health
... Some reports have suggested a link between vaccines and serious health problems. These reports have not been confirmed. But still, some parents worry about vaccines. They question whether the benefits of getting a vaccine outweigh the risks of getting an illness — especially if they think their kid’ ...
... Some reports have suggested a link between vaccines and serious health problems. These reports have not been confirmed. But still, some parents worry about vaccines. They question whether the benefits of getting a vaccine outweigh the risks of getting an illness — especially if they think their kid’ ...
Bacterial blight of onion – fact sheet
... Initially, lesions are white flicks or pale spots often with water-soaked margins. Lesions enlarge, become tan to brown in colour and induce extensive watersoaking. Some cultivars may develop chlorotic streaks, extending the entire leaf length. As disease progresses, lesions coalesce, cause tip dieb ...
... Initially, lesions are white flicks or pale spots often with water-soaked margins. Lesions enlarge, become tan to brown in colour and induce extensive watersoaking. Some cultivars may develop chlorotic streaks, extending the entire leaf length. As disease progresses, lesions coalesce, cause tip dieb ...
Chapter 4: BASIC FACTS ABOUT TUBERCULOSIS (TB)
... The likelihood of and timing for developing active TB disease after becoming infected with TB bacteria is highly variable. Some people, particularly young children and those with advanced immune suppression (e.g., HIV/AIDS) are highly susceptible to developing TB disease soon afterward (primary TB d ...
... The likelihood of and timing for developing active TB disease after becoming infected with TB bacteria is highly variable. Some people, particularly young children and those with advanced immune suppression (e.g., HIV/AIDS) are highly susceptible to developing TB disease soon afterward (primary TB d ...
Rickettsial (Spotted and Typhus Fevers) and Related Infections
... Sennetsu fever can be contracted from consuming raw infected fish. Clinical Presentation Although the clinical presentation varies by pathogen, some common symptoms that typically develop within 1–2 weeks of exposure include fever, headache, malaise, and sometimes nausea and vomiting. Most tick-tran ...
... Sennetsu fever can be contracted from consuming raw infected fish. Clinical Presentation Although the clinical presentation varies by pathogen, some common symptoms that typically develop within 1–2 weeks of exposure include fever, headache, malaise, and sometimes nausea and vomiting. Most tick-tran ...
Infectious disease surveillance
... indicative of some disease”, usually unidentified The syndrome may be associated with one or more disease entities A diagnosis is sought (for surveillance) only when a cluster of the syndrome is detected ...
... indicative of some disease”, usually unidentified The syndrome may be associated with one or more disease entities A diagnosis is sought (for surveillance) only when a cluster of the syndrome is detected ...
Swine Disease Manual, 4th Edition (sample pages)
... Disease topics are listed as individual entities. The student should be reminded that in reality, the occurrence and severity of disease outbreaks are strongly influenced by production practices, housing, environment, nutrition, and genetics. Diseases may occur concurrently in modern production syst ...
... Disease topics are listed as individual entities. The student should be reminded that in reality, the occurrence and severity of disease outbreaks are strongly influenced by production practices, housing, environment, nutrition, and genetics. Diseases may occur concurrently in modern production syst ...
Infectious Diseases and How they Spread
... behind. If you then touch your eyes, mouth or nose before washing your hands, you may become infected. ...
... behind. If you then touch your eyes, mouth or nose before washing your hands, you may become infected. ...
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... tuberculous lymphadenitis. The c teria are (1) a positive PPD skin t result, (2) an abnormal chest radiograph, and (3) cont Up to 80% of acute unilateral cervical lymphadenitis in with a person who has infectious TB. The PPD may be p children younger than age 5 years are due to infections with Staph ...
... tuberculous lymphadenitis. The c teria are (1) a positive PPD skin t result, (2) an abnormal chest radiograph, and (3) cont Up to 80% of acute unilateral cervical lymphadenitis in with a person who has infectious TB. The PPD may be p children younger than age 5 years are due to infections with Staph ...
Vaccination ofChicks with Experimental Newcastle Disease and
... antigen, and resulted in prolonging immunization (Payla 1991). As weil as, an inactivated GE vaccine is used against AI infection (Brug et al 1979). The disease is produced by an antigenically diverse group oftype A influenza viruses, and protection induced by influenza vaccine is primarily dependen ...
... antigen, and resulted in prolonging immunization (Payla 1991). As weil as, an inactivated GE vaccine is used against AI infection (Brug et al 1979). The disease is produced by an antigenically diverse group oftype A influenza viruses, and protection induced by influenza vaccine is primarily dependen ...
Epidemiology 231 - UCLA School of Public Health
... They are fleet afoot, and the pace of our research must keep up with them, or they will overtake us. Microbes were here on earth 2 billion years before humans arrived, learning every trick for survival, and it is likely that they will be here 2 billion years after we depart (Krause 1998). 15 October ...
... They are fleet afoot, and the pace of our research must keep up with them, or they will overtake us. Microbes were here on earth 2 billion years before humans arrived, learning every trick for survival, and it is likely that they will be here 2 billion years after we depart (Krause 1998). 15 October ...
Neglected tropical diseases
Neglected tropical diseases are a medically diverse group of tropical infections which are especially common in low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. They are caused by a variety of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths. Different organizations define the set of diseases differently. In sub-Saharan Africa, the impact of these diseases as a group is comparable to malaria and tuberculosis. Some of these diseases have known preventive measures or acute medical treatments which are available in the developed world but which are not universally available in poorer areas. In some cases, the treatments are relatively inexpensive. For example, the treatment for schistosomiasis is USD $0.20 per child per year. Nevertheless, control of neglected diseases is estimated to require funding of between US$2 billion to US$3 billion over the next five to seven years.These diseases are contrasted with the big three diseases (HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria), which generally receive greater treatment and research funding. The neglected diseases can also make HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis more deadly. However, some pharmaceutical companies have committed to donating all the drug therapies required, and mass drug administration (for example mass deworming) has been successfully accomplished in several countries.Seventeen neglected tropical diseases are prioritized by WHO. These diseases are common in 149 countries, affecting more than 1.4 billion people (including more than 500 million children) and costing developing economies billions of dollars every year. They resulted in 142,000 deaths in 2013 –down from 204,000 deaths in 1990. Of these 17, two are targeted for eradication (dracunculiasis (guinea-worm disease) by 2015 and yaws by 2020) and four for elimination (blinding trachoma, human African trypanosomiasis, leprosy and lymphatic filariasis by 2020).