PPT - Institute for Mathematical Sciences
... the 763 children remained uninfected in this outbreak, which is inconsistent with an R in excess of ~3 (assuming a well-mixed population)” - Also, how do they know that these boys were uninfected? No symptoms? Was there any subtype-specific influenza A laboratory confirmation performed for all ‘infe ...
... the 763 children remained uninfected in this outbreak, which is inconsistent with an R in excess of ~3 (assuming a well-mixed population)” - Also, how do they know that these boys were uninfected? No symptoms? Was there any subtype-specific influenza A laboratory confirmation performed for all ‘infe ...
Full Text
... [28]. Disease outbreaks usually occur during the rainy season when insect activity is high and epidemics are often associated with heavy rain fall [29]. Transmission Different types of biting and blood feeding arthropods (including mosquitoes and other flies such astabanids, Culicoides, biting midge ...
... [28]. Disease outbreaks usually occur during the rainy season when insect activity is high and epidemics are often associated with heavy rain fall [29]. Transmission Different types of biting and blood feeding arthropods (including mosquitoes and other flies such astabanids, Culicoides, biting midge ...
Bluetongue: a review
... ABSTRACT: Bluetongue is a non-contagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by a virus within the Orbivirus genus of the family Reoviridae and transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. It is a reportable disease of considerable socioeconomic concern and of major importance for the internat ...
... ABSTRACT: Bluetongue is a non-contagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by a virus within the Orbivirus genus of the family Reoviridae and transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. It is a reportable disease of considerable socioeconomic concern and of major importance for the internat ...
The Effect of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1
... commercial poultry. In Nigeria, backyard poultry has been identified as one of the two major source populations for the HPAI H5N1 virus in northern Nigeria for its frequent contact with wild birds (Fusaro et al., 2010). This is evident in our result which showed that of the 170 HPAI H5N1 cases, most ...
... commercial poultry. In Nigeria, backyard poultry has been identified as one of the two major source populations for the HPAI H5N1 virus in northern Nigeria for its frequent contact with wild birds (Fusaro et al., 2010). This is evident in our result which showed that of the 170 HPAI H5N1 cases, most ...
Avian Flu: Preparing for a Pandemic
... With increasing urgency over the past year, a variety of governments, nongovernmental organizations, industry groups, and media outlets have trumpeted the potential dangers of avian influenza, commonly called “bird flu.” Of the 139 people known to have been infected with avian flu as of the publicat ...
... With increasing urgency over the past year, a variety of governments, nongovernmental organizations, industry groups, and media outlets have trumpeted the potential dangers of avian influenza, commonly called “bird flu.” Of the 139 people known to have been infected with avian flu as of the publicat ...
VIRAL HEPATITIS: CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT
... Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, usually producing swelling and, in many cases, permanent damage to liver tissues. A number of agents can cause hepatitis, including infectious diseases, chemical poisons, drugs, and alcohol. In the 1940s doctors began to suspect that many hepatitis cases were ...
... Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, usually producing swelling and, in many cases, permanent damage to liver tissues. A number of agents can cause hepatitis, including infectious diseases, chemical poisons, drugs, and alcohol. In the 1940s doctors began to suspect that many hepatitis cases were ...
Biosafety Levels - Advanced BioFuels USA
... BSL‐1 is suitable for work involving well‐characterized agents not known to consistently cause disease in immunocompetent adult humans, and present minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. All bacterial, parasitic, fungal, viral, rickettsial, and chlamydial agents whi ...
... BSL‐1 is suitable for work involving well‐characterized agents not known to consistently cause disease in immunocompetent adult humans, and present minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. All bacterial, parasitic, fungal, viral, rickettsial, and chlamydial agents whi ...
Epizootiologic investigations of selected infectious disease
... 1999; Leutenegger et al., 1999a), suggesting that the virus does not represent a major health problem for this species. If intraspecific contacts are rare, an infectious agent can only persist within the population if it causes latent infection, it is nonpathogenic, or the disease development is ver ...
... 1999; Leutenegger et al., 1999a), suggesting that the virus does not represent a major health problem for this species. If intraspecific contacts are rare, an infectious agent can only persist within the population if it causes latent infection, it is nonpathogenic, or the disease development is ver ...
THE ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE CONTROL POSITION IN
... All farms in Denmark are registered in the national farm and Livestock register under the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries. The register contains a special section for veterinary matters including the name and address of the practising veterinarian at the farm. Animals in Danish herds mus ...
... All farms in Denmark are registered in the national farm and Livestock register under the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries. The register contains a special section for veterinary matters including the name and address of the practising veterinarian at the farm. Animals in Danish herds mus ...
PDF
... is stronger (the H – O bond of water is almost the strongest bond known) than the existing O – Cl covalent bond; the O – Cl bond is disrupted by the ejection of nascent oxygen. This leads to the dissociation of the acidic proton from chlorine and the formation of the hypochlorous ion (ClO-) and sodi ...
... is stronger (the H – O bond of water is almost the strongest bond known) than the existing O – Cl covalent bond; the O – Cl bond is disrupted by the ejection of nascent oxygen. This leads to the dissociation of the acidic proton from chlorine and the formation of the hypochlorous ion (ClO-) and sodi ...
Overview of replication competent viral vectors
... class 2 pathogens and humans are their primary and almost exclusive host. In general, AdV infections are asymptomatic but they can be associated with diseases of the respiratory, ocular and gastrointestinal system with AdV-C viruses primarily causing mild respiratory and alimentary tract infections ...
... class 2 pathogens and humans are their primary and almost exclusive host. In general, AdV infections are asymptomatic but they can be associated with diseases of the respiratory, ocular and gastrointestinal system with AdV-C viruses primarily causing mild respiratory and alimentary tract infections ...
Hepatitis B Vaccine
... . liver damage (cinhosis) . liver cancer . death Chronic infection is more common among infants and children than among adults. People who are chronically infected can spread hepatitis B virus to others, even if they don't look or feel sick. I.Jp to 1.4 million people in the United States may have c ...
... . liver damage (cinhosis) . liver cancer . death Chronic infection is more common among infants and children than among adults. People who are chronically infected can spread hepatitis B virus to others, even if they don't look or feel sick. I.Jp to 1.4 million people in the United States may have c ...
Biological Hazards - The OHS Body of Knowledge
... agents or products of such agents that cause human disease,” and biological agents as “any microorganism, cell culture, or human endoparasite, including any which have been genetically modified, which may cause any infection, allergy toxicity, or otherwise create a hazard to human health.” However, ...
... agents or products of such agents that cause human disease,” and biological agents as “any microorganism, cell culture, or human endoparasite, including any which have been genetically modified, which may cause any infection, allergy toxicity, or otherwise create a hazard to human health.” However, ...
Genital Herpes - Jason Carter MD
... The acyclic nucleoside analogues acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir are available for the management of genital herpes.24 All are effective for the treatment of a first episode of genital herpes,25-27 for episodic treatment of recurrent genital herpes,28-32 and when taken daily for the prevent ...
... The acyclic nucleoside analogues acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir are available for the management of genital herpes.24 All are effective for the treatment of a first episode of genital herpes,25-27 for episodic treatment of recurrent genital herpes,28-32 and when taken daily for the prevent ...
C difficile
... most common bacterial agent in a general population (1980) • Lyerly and colleagues purify two toxins, A and B, from C. difficile and also produce an important anti-toxin against these organisms (1982) ...
... most common bacterial agent in a general population (1980) • Lyerly and colleagues purify two toxins, A and B, from C. difficile and also produce an important anti-toxin against these organisms (1982) ...
Evidence of existence of infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic
... cultivated penaeid shrimps, 24 wild crabs and 106 other crustaceans (artemia, nereidae rotatoria) from the rearing ponds analyzed for IHHNV detection based on 1-step PCR. In total, 154 out of 299 (51.5%) penaeid shrimp samples and 2 out of 24 (8.3%) crab samples were positive for the target virus. I ...
... cultivated penaeid shrimps, 24 wild crabs and 106 other crustaceans (artemia, nereidae rotatoria) from the rearing ponds analyzed for IHHNV detection based on 1-step PCR. In total, 154 out of 299 (51.5%) penaeid shrimp samples and 2 out of 24 (8.3%) crab samples were positive for the target virus. I ...
Infection control in paediatric office settings
... cile and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) [28][30]. Children who lack immunity to the infecting agent and those who are ill, debilitated or immunocompromised are at increased risk for disease. The risk of transmission between patients may be less in an office than on a hospital ward. In offic ...
... cile and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) [28][30]. Children who lack immunity to the infecting agent and those who are ill, debilitated or immunocompromised are at increased risk for disease. The risk of transmission between patients may be less in an office than on a hospital ward. In offic ...
Read Me - hcaf.biz
... Excess deaths were associated with a limited range of diagnoses which are loosely associated with immune function impairment or dysfunction and its consequences. Many of these excess deaths could potentially be explained by undiagnosed active infection with the persistent herpes virus, cytomegalovir ...
... Excess deaths were associated with a limited range of diagnoses which are loosely associated with immune function impairment or dysfunction and its consequences. Many of these excess deaths could potentially be explained by undiagnosed active infection with the persistent herpes virus, cytomegalovir ...
A Quick Guide To Common Childhood Diseases
... Signs and symptoms of chickenpox may include: ¾ Slight fever may be present before a rash develops. ¾ Rash usually first appears on body, face, and scalp. It then spreads to limbs. ¾ Rash begins as small, red, flat spots that develop into itchy fluidfilled blisters. ¾ Blisters are usually less than ...
... Signs and symptoms of chickenpox may include: ¾ Slight fever may be present before a rash develops. ¾ Rash usually first appears on body, face, and scalp. It then spreads to limbs. ¾ Rash begins as small, red, flat spots that develop into itchy fluidfilled blisters. ¾ Blisters are usually less than ...
A Quick Guide To Common Childhood Diseases
... Signs and symptoms of chickenpox may include: ¾ Slight fever may be present before a rash develops. ¾ Rash usually first appears on body, face, and scalp. It then spreads to limbs. ¾ Rash begins as small, red, flat spots that develop into itchy fluidfilled blisters. ¾ Blisters are usually less than ...
... Signs and symptoms of chickenpox may include: ¾ Slight fever may be present before a rash develops. ¾ Rash usually first appears on body, face, and scalp. It then spreads to limbs. ¾ Rash begins as small, red, flat spots that develop into itchy fluidfilled blisters. ¾ Blisters are usually less than ...
HVT recombinant vaccines are new to the poultry industry. Follow
... The live ILT vaccines produced in chicken embryos can spread from bird-to-bird, house-to-house or farm-to-farm. They can produce respiratory or ocular reactions. Live ILT vaccines compete with Newcastle Disease, infectious bronchitis and live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines in the respiratory tra ...
... The live ILT vaccines produced in chicken embryos can spread from bird-to-bird, house-to-house or farm-to-farm. They can produce respiratory or ocular reactions. Live ILT vaccines compete with Newcastle Disease, infectious bronchitis and live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines in the respiratory tra ...
Wild and Domestic Pig Interactions at the Wildlife–Livestock
... wildlife–livestock interactions potentially contribute to infectious disease emergence has led to an increase of interest on this topic (1). The opportunities for such interactions to occur have escalated due to the expansion of human population and subsequent encroachment into wildlife habitats (2) ...
... wildlife–livestock interactions potentially contribute to infectious disease emergence has led to an increase of interest on this topic (1). The opportunities for such interactions to occur have escalated due to the expansion of human population and subsequent encroachment into wildlife habitats (2) ...
HEPATITIS A
... to liver cirrhosis and primary liver cell carcinoma. The vast majority of the more than 400 million hepatitis B carriers live in developing countries. Worldwide the hepatitis B virus is therefore a major cause of liver cirrhosis and primary liver cell carcinoma. The World Health Organization puts he ...
... to liver cirrhosis and primary liver cell carcinoma. The vast majority of the more than 400 million hepatitis B carriers live in developing countries. Worldwide the hepatitis B virus is therefore a major cause of liver cirrhosis and primary liver cell carcinoma. The World Health Organization puts he ...
Lowering standards of clinical waste management: do
... Department of Health fully supports these guidelines.15 Although not intended to dictate waste management procedures in healthcare establishments or elsewhere, the CDC’s Universal/Standard Precautions inevitably impact upon waste management activities as they provide overarching guidance for the pre ...
... Department of Health fully supports these guidelines.15 Although not intended to dictate waste management procedures in healthcare establishments or elsewhere, the CDC’s Universal/Standard Precautions inevitably impact upon waste management activities as they provide overarching guidance for the pre ...
Henipavirus
Henipavirus is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales containing three established species: Hendra virus, Nipah virus and Cedar virus. The henipaviruses are naturally harboured by Pteropid fruit bats (flying foxes) and some microbat species. Henipavirus is characterised by a large genome, a wide host range, and their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans.In 2009, RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known Henipaviruses were detected in Eidolon helvum (the African straw-colored fruit bat) in Ghana. The finding of these novel putative Henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of Henipaviruses extends to Africa.