Three Rs Approaches in the Production and Quality
... recommendations agreed by the workshop participants are summarised in this report. Introduction Vaccines are considered to be the most costeffective tools in the prevention of infectious diseases; this applies, in particular, to avian live viral vaccines. The minimal requirements for the production ...
... recommendations agreed by the workshop participants are summarised in this report. Introduction Vaccines are considered to be the most costeffective tools in the prevention of infectious diseases; this applies, in particular, to avian live viral vaccines. The minimal requirements for the production ...
冷凍鹿精液之輸入檢疫條件草案
... Manual for the pertinent diseases of concern listed in the attached table. The results must be negative. (3) In case there are no prescribed methods in the OIE Aquatic Manual for sample collection and testing of pertinent diseases of concern listed in the attached table, then methods that have been ...
... Manual for the pertinent diseases of concern listed in the attached table. The results must be negative. (3) In case there are no prescribed methods in the OIE Aquatic Manual for sample collection and testing of pertinent diseases of concern listed in the attached table, then methods that have been ...
Vector Competence of California Mosquitoes for West Nile virus
... To identify the mosquito species competent for West Nile virus (WNV) transmission, we evaluated 10 California species that are known vectors of other arboviruses or major pests: Culex tarsalis, Cx. pipiens pipiens, Cx. p. quinquefasciatus, Cx. stigmatosoma, Cx. erythrothorax, Ochlerotatus dorsalis, ...
... To identify the mosquito species competent for West Nile virus (WNV) transmission, we evaluated 10 California species that are known vectors of other arboviruses or major pests: Culex tarsalis, Cx. pipiens pipiens, Cx. p. quinquefasciatus, Cx. stigmatosoma, Cx. erythrothorax, Ochlerotatus dorsalis, ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus
... many strains of feline coronaviruses. Strains of Feline Coronavirus that cause a mild intestinal disease (diarrhea) are called Feline Enteric Coronavirus (FECV). Strains that cause Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) are thought to be a form of the enteric virus (FECV) that has mutated into the leth ...
... many strains of feline coronaviruses. Strains of Feline Coronavirus that cause a mild intestinal disease (diarrhea) are called Feline Enteric Coronavirus (FECV). Strains that cause Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) are thought to be a form of the enteric virus (FECV) that has mutated into the leth ...
Feline Parvovirus (FPV)
... FPV from a contaminated environment via infected faeces rather than from direct contact with infected cats. The virus passes quickly through the cat and most cats will only shed FPV in their faeces for a couple of days, although shedding can occur for up to six weeks. However, the infection can be p ...
... FPV from a contaminated environment via infected faeces rather than from direct contact with infected cats. The virus passes quickly through the cat and most cats will only shed FPV in their faeces for a couple of days, although shedding can occur for up to six weeks. However, the infection can be p ...
Immunisation for babies
... getting vomiting and diarrhoea caused by rotavirus. And the more babies that have the vaccine, the more difficult it will be for the virus to spread. Side effects of the vaccine The vaccine has been used extensively in other countries and has a good safety record. Occasionally, babies who have had t ...
... getting vomiting and diarrhoea caused by rotavirus. And the more babies that have the vaccine, the more difficult it will be for the virus to spread. Side effects of the vaccine The vaccine has been used extensively in other countries and has a good safety record. Occasionally, babies who have had t ...
The basic reproduction ratio for a model of - Imecc
... The transmission of microparasites (specifically virus) depends on several features, as for example the environment where they circulate. Hence, favorable environmental and demographical conditions may cause an outbreak of the epidemic. The amount of circulating virus, however, depends on to the ext ...
... The transmission of microparasites (specifically virus) depends on several features, as for example the environment where they circulate. Hence, favorable environmental and demographical conditions may cause an outbreak of the epidemic. The amount of circulating virus, however, depends on to the ext ...
Rabies virus
... deaths by 2030 was launched by WHO and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations (FAO) and the Global Alliance for Rabies Control. This initiative marks the first time that the human and animal health sectors have co ...
... deaths by 2030 was launched by WHO and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations (FAO) and the Global Alliance for Rabies Control. This initiative marks the first time that the human and animal health sectors have co ...
An Overview of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chickens Abbreviated t
... virus or possibly some strains of IBV could infect pheasants (Ignjatovic and Sapats, 2000). ...
... virus or possibly some strains of IBV could infect pheasants (Ignjatovic and Sapats, 2000). ...
Use of RT-PCR for diagnosis of infectious salmon anaemia virus
... (21, 54, 119 and 135 d after challenge) were used to challenge 4 groups of salmon, SS21, SS54, SS119 and SS135, respectively (Table 2). Blood from 5 trout in each group was mixed, sonicated, filtered, and diluted l:? with HBSS and 0.2 m1 injected i.p. into 30 salmon in each of the 4 groups. Group SS ...
... (21, 54, 119 and 135 d after challenge) were used to challenge 4 groups of salmon, SS21, SS54, SS119 and SS135, respectively (Table 2). Blood from 5 trout in each group was mixed, sonicated, filtered, and diluted l:? with HBSS and 0.2 m1 injected i.p. into 30 salmon in each of the 4 groups. Group SS ...
Smallpox: how serious is the threat?
... buildings, buses, and trains. Humans are the only natural hosts of variola. Smallpox is not known to be transmitted by insects or animals. There is no proven treatment for smallpox, but there are some promising candidates such as Cidofovir, a potent FDA-approved antiviral drug that is currently lice ...
... buildings, buses, and trains. Humans are the only natural hosts of variola. Smallpox is not known to be transmitted by insects or animals. There is no proven treatment for smallpox, but there are some promising candidates such as Cidofovir, a potent FDA-approved antiviral drug that is currently lice ...
Approach to the Adult Patient with Fever of Unknown Origin
... studies should be based on abnormalities found in the initial laboratory work-up and not represent a haphazard use of costly or invasive modalities. Skin testing for tuberculosis with purified protein derivative (PPD) is an inexpensive screening tool that should be used in all patients with FUO who ...
... studies should be based on abnormalities found in the initial laboratory work-up and not represent a haphazard use of costly or invasive modalities. Skin testing for tuberculosis with purified protein derivative (PPD) is an inexpensive screening tool that should be used in all patients with FUO who ...
What are Antibiotics?
... by a germ but does not look or feel sick. This person may carry the germ in their nose, throat, or stomach. They can pass the germ to others by coughing, sneezing, or by not washing their hands properly. ...
... by a germ but does not look or feel sick. This person may carry the germ in their nose, throat, or stomach. They can pass the germ to others by coughing, sneezing, or by not washing their hands properly. ...
Introduction Dengue viruses are RNA viruses belong to the family
... it was not until 1943 in Japan and 1945 in Hawaii that the first two dengue viruses were isolated (named DENV1 and DENV2, respectively) .In the latter half of the 20th century, DENV transmission followed the spread of its principal mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti , and was likely accelerated by urban ...
... it was not until 1943 in Japan and 1945 in Hawaii that the first two dengue viruses were isolated (named DENV1 and DENV2, respectively) .In the latter half of the 20th century, DENV transmission followed the spread of its principal mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti , and was likely accelerated by urban ...
Polio - Interhealth
... Polio is spread by person-to-person contact and only affects humans. Transmission most often occurs through contact with faeces from an infected person and less commonly via cough and sneeze droplets. It can be contracted by eating or drinking contaminated food or water, swimming in dirty water or b ...
... Polio is spread by person-to-person contact and only affects humans. Transmission most often occurs through contact with faeces from an infected person and less commonly via cough and sneeze droplets. It can be contracted by eating or drinking contaminated food or water, swimming in dirty water or b ...
100 years of Rous sarcoma virus - The Journal of Experimental
... for RSV was devised by Temin and Rubin (1958), led to the identification of oncogenes, which were initially found in retroviruses (Toyoshima and Vogt, 1969; Duesberg and Vogt, 1970; Martin, 1970) and were later found in cells (Stehelin et al., 1976). The src oncogene of RSV became the prototype for ...
... for RSV was devised by Temin and Rubin (1958), led to the identification of oncogenes, which were initially found in retroviruses (Toyoshima and Vogt, 1969; Duesberg and Vogt, 1970; Martin, 1970) and were later found in cells (Stehelin et al., 1976). The src oncogene of RSV became the prototype for ...
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore
... a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors, such as infectious disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune diseases. In humans, "disease" is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dy ...
... a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors, such as infectious disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune diseases. In humans, "disease" is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dy ...
hepatitis e
... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hepatitis Division, Division of Viral and ...
... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hepatitis Division, Division of Viral and ...
Everything there is to know about vaccination
... • More rarely leads to severe unwanted reactions. • It was developed in an attempt to reduce the adverse reactions of the vaccine. • The majority of developed countries use exclusively this type of vaccine against pertussis (USA, Canada, UK, Germany, Austria, Italy, Sweden, Belgium, Slovenia, etc.). ...
... • More rarely leads to severe unwanted reactions. • It was developed in an attempt to reduce the adverse reactions of the vaccine. • The majority of developed countries use exclusively this type of vaccine against pertussis (USA, Canada, UK, Germany, Austria, Italy, Sweden, Belgium, Slovenia, etc.). ...
Heatley-ZoonosesOfWildlife
... All non fatal, humans faster recovery with antibiotics Glaucomys volans Handled, squirrels nests, pets in home ...
... All non fatal, humans faster recovery with antibiotics Glaucomys volans Handled, squirrels nests, pets in home ...
questions you might be asked
... and infects people. This is what we have seen recently in the cases in South East Asia. How does avian flu affect people? Until recently, it was thought that avian flu only rarely affected people and caused only mild disease such as conjunctivitis. Since 1997, however, more severe illness has occurr ...
... and infects people. This is what we have seen recently in the cases in South East Asia. How does avian flu affect people? Until recently, it was thought that avian flu only rarely affected people and caused only mild disease such as conjunctivitis. Since 1997, however, more severe illness has occurr ...
History and eradication of smallpox in Turkey
... the same ancestor. Babkin and Babkina7 suggested that the taterapox, camelpox and variola viruses originated from the same ancestor around the Horn of Africa and spread to East Africa through camel movements dating back 3500 years. Manifesting itself with fever and flaky skin, the disease has four di ...
... the same ancestor. Babkin and Babkina7 suggested that the taterapox, camelpox and variola viruses originated from the same ancestor around the Horn of Africa and spread to East Africa through camel movements dating back 3500 years. Manifesting itself with fever and flaky skin, the disease has four di ...
Prevalence of respiratory pathogens detected in dogs with kennel
... primarily caused by the combination of CHV and another pathogen, which may indicate a chronic form of the disease. This theory is confirmed by the results of serological and molecular tests performed by Erles et al. (2004), in which the occurrence of particular viruses depending on the disease stage ...
... primarily caused by the combination of CHV and another pathogen, which may indicate a chronic form of the disease. This theory is confirmed by the results of serological and molecular tests performed by Erles et al. (2004), in which the occurrence of particular viruses depending on the disease stage ...
Effects of the number of genome segments on primary and systemic
... Effects of the number of genome segments on primary and systemic infection for a multipartite plant RNA virus ...
... Effects of the number of genome segments on primary and systemic infection for a multipartite plant RNA virus ...
Outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa - ECDC
... outbreaks in central Africa, and clearly distinct from the Taï Forest ebolavirus that was isolated in Côte d’Ivoire from 1994–1995 [2,15,16]. The first cases were reported from south-eastern Guinea and the capital Conakry. By May, the first cases were reported from Sierra Leone and Liberia [17,18] t ...
... outbreaks in central Africa, and clearly distinct from the Taï Forest ebolavirus that was isolated in Côte d’Ivoire from 1994–1995 [2,15,16]. The first cases were reported from south-eastern Guinea and the capital Conakry. By May, the first cases were reported from Sierra Leone and Liberia [17,18] t ...