DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION
... 30μg/ml, 60μg/ml, 90μg/ml, 120μg/ml, and 150μg/ml solutions respectively. Then measure the absorbance of these solutions at the λ max of 271nm using distilled water as blank. Then, the calibration curve was plotted by taking concentration on X-axis and absorbance on Y-axis (in fig.2). The curve show ...
... 30μg/ml, 60μg/ml, 90μg/ml, 120μg/ml, and 150μg/ml solutions respectively. Then measure the absorbance of these solutions at the λ max of 271nm using distilled water as blank. Then, the calibration curve was plotted by taking concentration on X-axis and absorbance on Y-axis (in fig.2). The curve show ...
lec-5-211(optical is..
... Any material that rotates the plane of polarized light is said to be optically active. Optically active compound is nonsuperimposable on its mirror image. If a molecule is superimposable on its mirror image, the compound does not rotate the plane polarized light; it is optically inactive. Example: ...
... Any material that rotates the plane of polarized light is said to be optically active. Optically active compound is nonsuperimposable on its mirror image. If a molecule is superimposable on its mirror image, the compound does not rotate the plane polarized light; it is optically inactive. Example: ...
Solanum pubescens Willd., PARACETAMOL INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ALBINO RATS Research Article
... superoxide anion radical (O2), hydrogen peroxide radical (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical are often generated as byproducts of biological reactions or from exogenous factors. The involvement of these species in the pathogenesis of a large number of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis ...
... superoxide anion radical (O2), hydrogen peroxide radical (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical are often generated as byproducts of biological reactions or from exogenous factors. The involvement of these species in the pathogenesis of a large number of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis ...
practical approach to medical management of glaucoma
... Following factors to be kept in mind • Efficacy • Compliance • Safety • Persistence • Affordability • If cost effective & minimum dosage then compliance improves. ...
... Following factors to be kept in mind • Efficacy • Compliance • Safety • Persistence • Affordability • If cost effective & minimum dosage then compliance improves. ...
Unexpected similarities between the
... amino acids including dimethyl-proline, eight other amino acid derivatives including creatine, creatinine, and taurine, and ten carnitines. Thus, 24 of 32 compounds are derived from three categories, namely, methylated amino acids, other amino acids, and carnitines. These three categories illustrate ...
... amino acids including dimethyl-proline, eight other amino acid derivatives including creatine, creatinine, and taurine, and ten carnitines. Thus, 24 of 32 compounds are derived from three categories, namely, methylated amino acids, other amino acids, and carnitines. These three categories illustrate ...
IN VIVO Research Article RANJITA SHEGOKAR AND KAMALINDER K. SINGH*
... and drug permeation across rectal membrane.5 The rectal absorption occurs mainly by passive diffusion and the drug release from suppository is likely to be an important factor in determining the drug concentration in the rectal fluids and hence its absorption rate. This means, both the drug solubili ...
... and drug permeation across rectal membrane.5 The rectal absorption occurs mainly by passive diffusion and the drug release from suppository is likely to be an important factor in determining the drug concentration in the rectal fluids and hence its absorption rate. This means, both the drug solubili ...
PREPARATION, STRUCTURAL STUDIES AND CHEMICAL
... currently under intensive development. A good illustration of this trend is the number of published research papers; with SciFinder indicating that more than half of about 10000 works have been published since 2000 year. There are many factors that attract research interest to this field. The most i ...
... currently under intensive development. A good illustration of this trend is the number of published research papers; with SciFinder indicating that more than half of about 10000 works have been published since 2000 year. There are many factors that attract research interest to this field. The most i ...
PowerPoint
... A chemical equation uses chemical formulas and other symbols showing what reactants are the starting materials in a reaction and what products are formed. • The reactants are written on the left. ...
... A chemical equation uses chemical formulas and other symbols showing what reactants are the starting materials in a reaction and what products are formed. • The reactants are written on the left. ...
Marketing authorisation of new medicines in the EU: towards
... crucial to understand whether non-approval was due to failed drugs or due to failed drug development plans [12]. So far, only few studies focused on the application dossiers for new medicinal products to regulatory authorities to provide this crucial knowledge [30-34]. In 2002, Pignatti et al for ex ...
... crucial to understand whether non-approval was due to failed drugs or due to failed drug development plans [12]. So far, only few studies focused on the application dossiers for new medicinal products to regulatory authorities to provide this crucial knowledge [30-34]. In 2002, Pignatti et al for ex ...
Adverse Reactions to Radiopharmaceuticals
... rarely more than one or two exposures to these radioactive drugs, so immunization is less likely to occur. Radiopharmaceuticals are employed, not for a pharmacologic action, but because a specific localization occurs due to a physiologic mechanism. They were not developed for a pharmacologic action ...
... rarely more than one or two exposures to these radioactive drugs, so immunization is less likely to occur. Radiopharmaceuticals are employed, not for a pharmacologic action, but because a specific localization occurs due to a physiologic mechanism. They were not developed for a pharmacologic action ...
Week 2
... • One way to do this was to arrange the elements in a manner that would establish categories of elements having similar physical and chemical properties. • Dimitri Mendeleev published the first successful arrangement, called a periodic table, in 1869. • In its modern form, the periodic table organiz ...
... • One way to do this was to arrange the elements in a manner that would establish categories of elements having similar physical and chemical properties. • Dimitri Mendeleev published the first successful arrangement, called a periodic table, in 1869. • In its modern form, the periodic table organiz ...
FABRICATION, EVALUATION AND PRELIMINARY CLINICAL STUDY OF BI-LAYER OROBUCCAL
... bacteria from tooth surface and beneath gum. Scaling was followed by root planning to smoothen the root surfaces discouraging further build up of tartar [16]. One bi-layer device was applied at the base of the periodontal pocket and each pocket was inserted Treated sites were evaluated during two we ...
... bacteria from tooth surface and beneath gum. Scaling was followed by root planning to smoothen the root surfaces discouraging further build up of tartar [16]. One bi-layer device was applied at the base of the periodontal pocket and each pocket was inserted Treated sites were evaluated during two we ...
Design of Tight-Binding Human Immunodeficiency
... disease to mankind. Until this day, human immune deficiency virus, HIV, has caused the death of many humans and infected patients have little chance to become healthy. In the beginning, people become exposed to HIV mainly by unsafe sex with HIV positive person of the same sex. But the situation has ...
... disease to mankind. Until this day, human immune deficiency virus, HIV, has caused the death of many humans and infected patients have little chance to become healthy. In the beginning, people become exposed to HIV mainly by unsafe sex with HIV positive person of the same sex. But the situation has ...
EFFECT OF LICORICE AND GRAPEFRUIT JUICE ON PARACETAMOL PHARMACOKINETICS IN
... It is well documented that CYP450 isoenzymes are key enzymes in food-drug interactions 17. For example, CYP3A4-related interaction by food components may be related to the high level of expression of CYP3A4 in the small intestine, as well as its broad substrate specificity, as CYP3A4 is responsible ...
... It is well documented that CYP450 isoenzymes are key enzymes in food-drug interactions 17. For example, CYP3A4-related interaction by food components may be related to the high level of expression of CYP3A4 in the small intestine, as well as its broad substrate specificity, as CYP3A4 is responsible ...
Dept. of Quality Assurance
... predetermined quality standards and specifications. Cleaning processes for manufacturing equipment are closely inspected because inadequate cleaning procedures, method of sampling analysis can result in adulterated or contaminated products. An important factor in that control is validating cleanline ...
... predetermined quality standards and specifications. Cleaning processes for manufacturing equipment are closely inspected because inadequate cleaning procedures, method of sampling analysis can result in adulterated or contaminated products. An important factor in that control is validating cleanline ...
Is GERD a Factor in Osteonecrosis of the Jaw? Evidence of
... insufficiency, because vitamin C is present in high concentrations in the adrenal glands, where it enables the synthesis of sulfated hormones such as DHEA sulfate and sulfated corticosteroids. As we will show later, deficiencies in DHEA sulfate are linked to Sjögren’s syndrome, and we argue here th ...
... insufficiency, because vitamin C is present in high concentrations in the adrenal glands, where it enables the synthesis of sulfated hormones such as DHEA sulfate and sulfated corticosteroids. As we will show later, deficiencies in DHEA sulfate are linked to Sjögren’s syndrome, and we argue here th ...
amikai
... maximizing its corporate value. Sankyo and Daiichi Pharmaceutical have a broad range of major drug products on the Japanese market, including the antihypertensive Benicar® (olmesartan medoxomil) and the synthetic antibacterial agent Cravit® (levofloxacin). Both companies have used their cumulative k ...
... maximizing its corporate value. Sankyo and Daiichi Pharmaceutical have a broad range of major drug products on the Japanese market, including the antihypertensive Benicar® (olmesartan medoxomil) and the synthetic antibacterial agent Cravit® (levofloxacin). Both companies have used their cumulative k ...
Inhibition and induction of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes
... their quantitation in in vitro incubations, it is possible to employ ` diagnostic ’ inhibitors (table 2) and to look which of them, and at which concentrations, inhibit metabolic routes. It is also possible to use enzyme-speci® c antibodies and to test which metabolic routes are inhibited and to wha ...
... their quantitation in in vitro incubations, it is possible to employ ` diagnostic ’ inhibitors (table 2) and to look which of them, and at which concentrations, inhibit metabolic routes. It is also possible to use enzyme-speci® c antibodies and to test which metabolic routes are inhibited and to wha ...
Chapter 4 Power Point: Consciousness
... • Hypothalamus – tiny section of the brain that influences the glandular system. • suprachiasmatic nucleus – deep within the hypothalamus; the internal clock that tells people when to wake up and when to fall asleep. • Tells pineal gland to secrete melatonin, which makes a person ...
... • Hypothalamus – tiny section of the brain that influences the glandular system. • suprachiasmatic nucleus – deep within the hypothalamus; the internal clock that tells people when to wake up and when to fall asleep. • Tells pineal gland to secrete melatonin, which makes a person ...
Heterogeneity of Concentrated Prescribing Behavior
... effective in treating the positive than the negative symptoms, but frequently resulted in extrapyramidal side effects (such as tardive dyskinesia—an involuntary movement disorder characterized by puckering of the lips and tongue, or writhing of the arms or legs) that may persist even after the drug ...
... effective in treating the positive than the negative symptoms, but frequently resulted in extrapyramidal side effects (such as tardive dyskinesia—an involuntary movement disorder characterized by puckering of the lips and tongue, or writhing of the arms or legs) that may persist even after the drug ...
Presented at ICAAC 2015, San Diego, CA, USA
... • apparent clearance was 5–9 L/h; apparent volume of distribution, 70–132 L • urinary excretion was low, with ≤ 0.03% of the dose excreted unchanged into urine and very low values for renal clearance (1.6–2.6 mL/h) compared with plasma clearance ...
... • apparent clearance was 5–9 L/h; apparent volume of distribution, 70–132 L • urinary excretion was low, with ≤ 0.03% of the dose excreted unchanged into urine and very low values for renal clearance (1.6–2.6 mL/h) compared with plasma clearance ...
Osmium Tetroxide - Duke Safety Office
... Always work with osmium tetroxide in a chemical fume hood – never on an open benchtop. Use of a Biological Safety Cabinet for working with osmium tetroxide is not appropriate because it sublimes and the BSC is not designed to prevent exposure to vapors. Consult OESO at 919-684-8822 if you need ...
... Always work with osmium tetroxide in a chemical fume hood – never on an open benchtop. Use of a Biological Safety Cabinet for working with osmium tetroxide is not appropriate because it sublimes and the BSC is not designed to prevent exposure to vapors. Consult OESO at 919-684-8822 if you need ...
Hyoscyamine Sulfate Tablets, USP
... treatment of peptic ulcer. They can also be used to control gastric secretion, visceral spasm and hypermotility in spastic colitis, spastic bladder, cystitis, pylorospasm, and associated abdominal cramps. May be used in functional intestinal disorders to reduce symptoms such as those seen in mild dy ...
... treatment of peptic ulcer. They can also be used to control gastric secretion, visceral spasm and hypermotility in spastic colitis, spastic bladder, cystitis, pylorospasm, and associated abdominal cramps. May be used in functional intestinal disorders to reduce symptoms such as those seen in mild dy ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.