(part 1)
... with mutually fusible components which have a different temperature of drowning. Melt petrolatum (t - 60-62 °С), to the got fusion at stirring add a paraffin (t - 50-54 °С) and in the last turn - oil naphthalini. An alloy is mixed in a warm mortar to the ...
... with mutually fusible components which have a different temperature of drowning. Melt petrolatum (t - 60-62 °С), to the got fusion at stirring add a paraffin (t - 50-54 °С) and in the last turn - oil naphthalini. An alloy is mixed in a warm mortar to the ...
Advice to The Expert Advisory Committee on drugs on: LSD
... suggestive of a revival in interest in the drug in the last few years. After a longterm downward trend dating back to the 1990s, both the number and the quantity of seizures increased from 2003 but might be declining again7. LSD retail prices (adjusted for inflation) have been slightly declining sin ...
... suggestive of a revival in interest in the drug in the last few years. After a longterm downward trend dating back to the 1990s, both the number and the quantity of seizures increased from 2003 but might be declining again7. LSD retail prices (adjusted for inflation) have been slightly declining sin ...
Chemistry: Percent Yield
... proportion. A chemical compound can be broken down by chemical means. A chemical compound can be represented by a specific chemical formula and assigned a name based on the IUPAC system. 35: 3.3f The percent composition by mass of each element in a compound can be calculated mathematically 37: 3.3iv ...
... proportion. A chemical compound can be broken down by chemical means. A chemical compound can be represented by a specific chemical formula and assigned a name based on the IUPAC system. 35: 3.3f The percent composition by mass of each element in a compound can be calculated mathematically 37: 3.3iv ...
Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations
... the operations of art and nature, nothing is created; an equal amount of matter exists both before and after the experiment. Upon this principle, the whole art of performing chemical ...
... the operations of art and nature, nothing is created; an equal amount of matter exists both before and after the experiment. Upon this principle, the whole art of performing chemical ...
Queensland Health Presentation Template - Dark Blue
... Fentanyl is the fastest acting opiate available; particularly applicable when used for break through pain. Fentanyl patches can be effective in treating neuropathic pain. Patches are useful when oral opioids cannot be used because of vomiting, difficulty swallowing or inability to administer v ...
... Fentanyl is the fastest acting opiate available; particularly applicable when used for break through pain. Fentanyl patches can be effective in treating neuropathic pain. Patches are useful when oral opioids cannot be used because of vomiting, difficulty swallowing or inability to administer v ...
Cp min = 8mg /l
... plasma conc of phenytoin is within the therapeutic range , to prevent any undesirable side effects associated with increased level of phenytoin in plasma). The time to sample phenytoin varies from patient to patient , depending mainly on the disease state the patient is treated from and his clinic ...
... plasma conc of phenytoin is within the therapeutic range , to prevent any undesirable side effects associated with increased level of phenytoin in plasma). The time to sample phenytoin varies from patient to patient , depending mainly on the disease state the patient is treated from and his clinic ...
Molly: The Not So Convincing Truth of MDMA
... have lurked in the shadows, scaring off anyone who has a ‘decent’ amount of common sense. However, these rumors are just that- rumors. The truth is, the long held stigmas about MDMA have little support through scientific evidence and the opposite may in fact be true- MDMA should not be a schedule 1 ...
... have lurked in the shadows, scaring off anyone who has a ‘decent’ amount of common sense. However, these rumors are just that- rumors. The truth is, the long held stigmas about MDMA have little support through scientific evidence and the opposite may in fact be true- MDMA should not be a schedule 1 ...
Complaint Filed in US District Court, Midland
... Plaintiffs are state licensed pharmacies which, at all times, have been and remain in good standing with the Boards of Pharmacy of their respective states. This is an action to declare as unauthorized and contrary to law and preliminarily and permanently enjoin the FDA’s recent unauthorized inspecti ...
... Plaintiffs are state licensed pharmacies which, at all times, have been and remain in good standing with the Boards of Pharmacy of their respective states. This is an action to declare as unauthorized and contrary to law and preliminarily and permanently enjoin the FDA’s recent unauthorized inspecti ...
Methadone—metabolism, pharmacokinetics and interactions
... metabolism is not clearly defined. Kreek [30,31] hypothesizes that the abnormal kinetics of methadone that are observed in some patients can be explained by the functional insufficiency of the hepatic microsomal system. The elimination of methadone and its metabolites occurs mainly through the kidne ...
... metabolism is not clearly defined. Kreek [30,31] hypothesizes that the abnormal kinetics of methadone that are observed in some patients can be explained by the functional insufficiency of the hepatic microsomal system. The elimination of methadone and its metabolites occurs mainly through the kidne ...
Design and physicochemical characterisation of novel
... Analyser/light microscopy set-up for investigation of physical properties of microneedles (C) and Franz cell set-up for in vitro transdermal drug release studies (D). Indication of biological testing of microneedles in 3D (E) and 2D (F) cell culture models. ...
... Analyser/light microscopy set-up for investigation of physical properties of microneedles (C) and Franz cell set-up for in vitro transdermal drug release studies (D). Indication of biological testing of microneedles in 3D (E) and 2D (F) cell culture models. ...
Methysergide Potentiates the Hyperactivity Produced by MDMA in
... effects of MDMA (activity attributed to the + isomer) may be due to neurotoxic effects on serotonergic neurons. In addition to its indirect releasing properties, studies of MDMA binding have found nearly equal 'affinity for 5-HT_ and 5-HT._,sites and Iow affinity for dopamine._,sites [15]. A separat ...
... effects of MDMA (activity attributed to the + isomer) may be due to neurotoxic effects on serotonergic neurons. In addition to its indirect releasing properties, studies of MDMA binding have found nearly equal 'affinity for 5-HT_ and 5-HT._,sites and Iow affinity for dopamine._,sites [15]. A separat ...
Antifungals and their use in veterinary ophthalmology - GEAC-UFV
... development of new agents has been slow [29,30], because fungi are eukaryotic organisms; therefore, agents that inhibit protein, RNA, or DNA biosynthesis in fungi have a greater potential for host toxicity [31,32]. In addition, the incidence of life-threatening fungal infections has been reported as ...
... development of new agents has been slow [29,30], because fungi are eukaryotic organisms; therefore, agents that inhibit protein, RNA, or DNA biosynthesis in fungi have a greater potential for host toxicity [31,32]. In addition, the incidence of life-threatening fungal infections has been reported as ...
Mastic Gum Kills Helicobacter pylori
... To the Editor: Even low doses of mastic gum - 1 g per day for two weeks - can cure peptic ulcers very rapidly, but the mechanism responsible has not been clear. We have found that mastic is active against Helicobacter pylori, which could explain its therapeutic effect in patients with peptic ulcers. ...
... To the Editor: Even low doses of mastic gum - 1 g per day for two weeks - can cure peptic ulcers very rapidly, but the mechanism responsible has not been clear. We have found that mastic is active against Helicobacter pylori, which could explain its therapeutic effect in patients with peptic ulcers. ...
COMPOUNDING OPHTHALMIC LIQUIDS Y. Pramar, Ph.D
... 1. Prepare the solution in a manner similar to a parenteral preparation, using aseptic technique with sterile parenteral drug products as the solution ingredients, and packaging the solution in a clean, particle-free, sterile container. 2. Prepare the solution using non-sterile but high-quality ing ...
... 1. Prepare the solution in a manner similar to a parenteral preparation, using aseptic technique with sterile parenteral drug products as the solution ingredients, and packaging the solution in a clean, particle-free, sterile container. 2. Prepare the solution using non-sterile but high-quality ing ...
Making sense of itraconazole pharmacokinetics
... The triazole, itraconazole, has a wide spectrum of antifungal activity in vitro. Confirming this activity in vivo has been a long and difficult task because of problems with formulation, delivery and uncertainty about effective bioavailability. The physicochemical properties of the drug make it inso ...
... The triazole, itraconazole, has a wide spectrum of antifungal activity in vitro. Confirming this activity in vivo has been a long and difficult task because of problems with formulation, delivery and uncertainty about effective bioavailability. The physicochemical properties of the drug make it inso ...
guess paper class xii
... 16 In a fuel cell (a device for producing electricity directly from chemical reaction) , methanol is used as fuel and oxygen gas is used as an oxidizer. The reaction is: CH3OH (l) + 3/2 O2 CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) Calculate the standard Gibbs energy change for the reaction that can be converted into elect ...
... 16 In a fuel cell (a device for producing electricity directly from chemical reaction) , methanol is used as fuel and oxygen gas is used as an oxidizer. The reaction is: CH3OH (l) + 3/2 O2 CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) Calculate the standard Gibbs energy change for the reaction that can be converted into elect ...
Marine Origin Polysaccharides in Drug Delivery Systems
... and purification processes [1,2]. Marine biomaterials have wide applicability in biomedicine because of their noncytotoxic characteristics, biodegradability and biocompatibility. These biological properties have allowed the discovery of a broad range of novel bioactive compounds with pharmacological ...
... and purification processes [1,2]. Marine biomaterials have wide applicability in biomedicine because of their noncytotoxic characteristics, biodegradability and biocompatibility. These biological properties have allowed the discovery of a broad range of novel bioactive compounds with pharmacological ...
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF OXCARBAZEPINE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS Research Article M. A. SATHISH AND G. NAGENDRAPPA*
... determination of OXC in biological fluids but only a few methods 20,41 are describing its determination in pharmaceutical formulations. In addition some of those methods are requiring expensive equipments, reagents and are also time‐consuming. In some cases, the methods are requi ...
... determination of OXC in biological fluids but only a few methods 20,41 are describing its determination in pharmaceutical formulations. In addition some of those methods are requiring expensive equipments, reagents and are also time‐consuming. In some cases, the methods are requi ...
Prescribing Dispensing Policies to Address Harms
... disorder, respectively. Certain opioids are also used to manage opioid dependence; e.g., methadone. These drugs are important therapeutic options in clinical practice, with the potential to improve the quality of life of patients. However, they also have the potential to be misused, abused, and dive ...
... disorder, respectively. Certain opioids are also used to manage opioid dependence; e.g., methadone. These drugs are important therapeutic options in clinical practice, with the potential to improve the quality of life of patients. However, they also have the potential to be misused, abused, and dive ...
Selective Suppression of Cocaine- versus Food
... 2002; Wee et al., 2005). This suggests that dual dopamine/ serotonin releasers might have lower abuse liability than amphetamine and other more selective releasers of dopamine versus serotonin (Rothman et al., 2007). Moreover, withdrawal from cocaine is associated with depression-like behavioral and ...
... 2002; Wee et al., 2005). This suggests that dual dopamine/ serotonin releasers might have lower abuse liability than amphetamine and other more selective releasers of dopamine versus serotonin (Rothman et al., 2007). Moreover, withdrawal from cocaine is associated with depression-like behavioral and ...
Definitions Related to the Medical Use of Opioids: Evolution
... related to a subjective and individual appreciation of the effects of the drug” (p. 13).32 In 1969, the WHO Expert Committee on Dependence Producing Drugs was renamed the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. The Committee reconceptualized the definition of “drug dependence” to include significan ...
... related to a subjective and individual appreciation of the effects of the drug” (p. 13).32 In 1969, the WHO Expert Committee on Dependence Producing Drugs was renamed the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. The Committee reconceptualized the definition of “drug dependence” to include significan ...
A bitter pill. Overview of ecstasy (MDMA, MDA) related
... tremor and nystagmus (Gillmann 1999; Schifano et al. 2003b). The serotonin syndrome seems to be the direct consequence of MDMA-induced 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptor stimulation, which results in a marked increase of central serotonin levels (Liechti and Vollenweider 2001). Some of the MDMA acute eff ...
... tremor and nystagmus (Gillmann 1999; Schifano et al. 2003b). The serotonin syndrome seems to be the direct consequence of MDMA-induced 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptor stimulation, which results in a marked increase of central serotonin levels (Liechti and Vollenweider 2001). Some of the MDMA acute eff ...
Cannabis
... schizophrenic patients as will other mood altering, mild hallucinogenic drugs such as MDMA ...
... schizophrenic patients as will other mood altering, mild hallucinogenic drugs such as MDMA ...
Express Scripts 2015 Drug Trend Report Workers` Compensation
... at the pharmacy. For workers’ compensation patients, many compounded prescriptions consist of pain medications that are incorporated into an ointment or cream base for topical application. Often these compounds contain ingredients that are available in similar doses in a commercially available produ ...
... at the pharmacy. For workers’ compensation patients, many compounded prescriptions consist of pain medications that are incorporated into an ointment or cream base for topical application. Often these compounds contain ingredients that are available in similar doses in a commercially available produ ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.