ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SOME HERBAL DRUG
... Jain, S., Gaurav, B., Rakesh, B., Praveen, K., Avnish, J. and Vinod, K. D. (2010). Antidiabetic activity of Paspalum scrobiculatum (Linn). In alloxan induced diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 127: pp 325-328. Kareru, P. G. (2008). Ethnomedicine Practices, Analysis and Standardization of H ...
... Jain, S., Gaurav, B., Rakesh, B., Praveen, K., Avnish, J. and Vinod, K. D. (2010). Antidiabetic activity of Paspalum scrobiculatum (Linn). In alloxan induced diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 127: pp 325-328. Kareru, P. G. (2008). Ethnomedicine Practices, Analysis and Standardization of H ...
Atoms and Elements: Are they Related?
... • What are the most commonly occurring elements in the food labels? • What items seemed to have the most amount of elements in them? • Can you predict what that means about the food item? • Why do you think the baby formula has such a variety of elements? • Can you predict what the other items on th ...
... • What are the most commonly occurring elements in the food labels? • What items seemed to have the most amount of elements in them? • Can you predict what that means about the food item? • Why do you think the baby formula has such a variety of elements? • Can you predict what the other items on th ...
Enhanced water solubility for enhanced oral drug delivery via the
... A paclitaxel prodrug containing a disulfide moiety was described as an anticancer compound. The rationale behind the design of these molecules is based on the recognition of disulfide subunit by the enzyme glutathione, which releases the paclitaxel. High levels of this enzyme have been described in ca ...
... A paclitaxel prodrug containing a disulfide moiety was described as an anticancer compound. The rationale behind the design of these molecules is based on the recognition of disulfide subunit by the enzyme glutathione, which releases the paclitaxel. High levels of this enzyme have been described in ca ...
Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Alfuzosin Extended Release
... acrylic polymer did not affect the drug release rate as indicated by f 2 calculation. Among MethocelEudragit w/w ratio of 90/60, 90/90 and 90/120, the first formulation was taken as reference (Rt). The data indicates up to 40% Eudragit is not sufficient for reducing release of freely soluble drug li ...
... acrylic polymer did not affect the drug release rate as indicated by f 2 calculation. Among MethocelEudragit w/w ratio of 90/60, 90/90 and 90/120, the first formulation was taken as reference (Rt). The data indicates up to 40% Eudragit is not sufficient for reducing release of freely soluble drug li ...
Herbal Compositions for Appetite Suppression and Weight
... approved 1999) [5], lorcaserin (Belviq®; FDA approved 2012, a potent and selective agonist of 5-HT2C receptor marketed for appetite suppression) [6] and Qysmia (phentermine-asympathomimetic amine anorectic and topiramate extended release- an antiepileptic drug, FDA approved 2012) [7] cannot be the m ...
... approved 1999) [5], lorcaserin (Belviq®; FDA approved 2012, a potent and selective agonist of 5-HT2C receptor marketed for appetite suppression) [6] and Qysmia (phentermine-asympathomimetic amine anorectic and topiramate extended release- an antiepileptic drug, FDA approved 2012) [7] cannot be the m ...
Inappropriate drug use and mortality in community
... type of risk. Moreover, eGFR threshold may vary according to substance within an ATC class. In that case, each substance was assigned its own specific eGFR threshold. (Table 1) Finally, because drug doses were not recorded, only renal contraindications were certain. However, the 3C study started bef ...
... type of risk. Moreover, eGFR threshold may vary according to substance within an ATC class. In that case, each substance was assigned its own specific eGFR threshold. (Table 1) Finally, because drug doses were not recorded, only renal contraindications were certain. However, the 3C study started bef ...
Overview of Drug Testing g g Methods
... e ca ionization o at o to identify the compound. Concentration determined by determining ratio of tested drug to internal standard. ...
... e ca ionization o at o to identify the compound. Concentration determined by determining ratio of tested drug to internal standard. ...
Antimycobacterial drugs
... There is no cross-resistance between streptomycin and amikacin, but kanamycin resistance often indicates resistance to amikacin as well. Amikacin must be used in combination with at least one and preferably two or three other drugs to which the isolate is susceptible for treatment of drug-resistant ...
... There is no cross-resistance between streptomycin and amikacin, but kanamycin resistance often indicates resistance to amikacin as well. Amikacin must be used in combination with at least one and preferably two or three other drugs to which the isolate is susceptible for treatment of drug-resistant ...
Antiviral Agents: Structural Basis of Action and Rational Design
... Drug discovery programs start with the identification of suitable drug targets (Fig. 20.1). A drug target can be defined as a biomolecule (usually a single protein or a protein complex) linked to a disease and containing a suitable binding site that can be exploited to modulate its function. These t ...
... Drug discovery programs start with the identification of suitable drug targets (Fig. 20.1). A drug target can be defined as a biomolecule (usually a single protein or a protein complex) linked to a disease and containing a suitable binding site that can be exploited to modulate its function. These t ...
File
... A Local Effect: occurs when the drug activity is at the site of administration (e.g. eyes, ears, nose, skin). A Systemic Effect: occurs when the drug is introduced into the circulatory system by any route of administration and carried by the blood to the site of action. ...
... A Local Effect: occurs when the drug activity is at the site of administration (e.g. eyes, ears, nose, skin). A Systemic Effect: occurs when the drug is introduced into the circulatory system by any route of administration and carried by the blood to the site of action. ...
ALDEN, an Algorithm for Assessment of Drug Causality in Stevens
... causality in 321 drugs that the case–control analysis had described as “probably not associated” and in 22/233 drugs that had been described as inconclusive exposures. Being more sensitive than a general method, ALDEN, which correlates well with case–control analysis results, can be considered a ref ...
... causality in 321 drugs that the case–control analysis had described as “probably not associated” and in 22/233 drugs that had been described as inconclusive exposures. Being more sensitive than a general method, ALDEN, which correlates well with case–control analysis results, can be considered a ref ...
Drug-drug interactions of Rantidine with other medications used in
... management advice to the patient and their doctor. This advice may include discussing dose alteration strategies or alternative non-interacting drug combinations [2]. Not all drug interactions listed in texts and tables are clinically significant and individual variability in pharmacokinetics (what ...
... management advice to the patient and their doctor. This advice may include discussing dose alteration strategies or alternative non-interacting drug combinations [2]. Not all drug interactions listed in texts and tables are clinically significant and individual variability in pharmacokinetics (what ...
The Basics of Drug Development Science
... Everything I say can be applied to other drug development efforts with appropriate modifications ...
... Everything I say can be applied to other drug development efforts with appropriate modifications ...
Experimental method and procedure
... • To stimulate M- cholinergic receptors can induce intestine contraction, and to block them induce intestine relaxation. On the contrary, to stimulate β- adrenergic receptors induce intestine relaxation, and to block them induce intestine contraction. All of the above effects ultimately depend on Ca ...
... • To stimulate M- cholinergic receptors can induce intestine contraction, and to block them induce intestine relaxation. On the contrary, to stimulate β- adrenergic receptors induce intestine relaxation, and to block them induce intestine contraction. All of the above effects ultimately depend on Ca ...
Introduction
... and in prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with a high risk of future fractures, could be approved. This is an abridged application. The applicant claims essential similarity, under article 10.1 (a)(iii) 1st par.of Directive 2001/83/EC, to Livial, tablets, N.V.Organon, Oss, Netherland ...
... and in prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with a high risk of future fractures, could be approved. This is an abridged application. The applicant claims essential similarity, under article 10.1 (a)(iii) 1st par.of Directive 2001/83/EC, to Livial, tablets, N.V.Organon, Oss, Netherland ...
drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic viruses and the immune system
... the interaction of drugs, viruses and immune responses during this complex adverse-drug reaction. ...
... the interaction of drugs, viruses and immune responses during this complex adverse-drug reaction. ...
5 6 4 ‘00 OCT pz 3
... “an organism’s usual food and drink,” and “substance” generically refers to “that which has mass, occupies space, and can be perceived. ” “Dietary substance,” therefore, means anything commonly perceived as part of man’s usual food or drink. Selegiline is the active ingredient in an approved NDA, sp ...
... “an organism’s usual food and drink,” and “substance” generically refers to “that which has mass, occupies space, and can be perceived. ” “Dietary substance,” therefore, means anything commonly perceived as part of man’s usual food or drink. Selegiline is the active ingredient in an approved NDA, sp ...
The use of electric current – Iontophoresis for transcutaneous drug
... The method by which a drug is delivered can have a significant effect on its efficacy. Some drugs have an optimum concentration range within which maximum benefit is delivered, and concentrations above or below this range can be toxic or produce no therapeutic benefit at all. On the other hand, the ...
... The method by which a drug is delivered can have a significant effect on its efficacy. Some drugs have an optimum concentration range within which maximum benefit is delivered, and concentrations above or below this range can be toxic or produce no therapeutic benefit at all. On the other hand, the ...
methamphetamine has a high potential for abuse
... systolic and diastolic blood pressures and weak bronchodilator and respiratory stimulant action. Drugs of this class used in obesity are commonly known as "anorectics" or "anorexigenics". It has not been established, however, that the action of such drugs in treating obesity is primarily one of appe ...
... systolic and diastolic blood pressures and weak bronchodilator and respiratory stimulant action. Drugs of this class used in obesity are commonly known as "anorectics" or "anorexigenics". It has not been established, however, that the action of such drugs in treating obesity is primarily one of appe ...
CLASS EFFECTS AND THE RATIONAL COMPARISON OF DRUGS
... groups”, and “many drugs within each group are very similar…”. Typically, groupings are built around some original or prototypical drug about which much is known, and other group members are then studied in terms of similarities and/or differences between these drugs and the original. Such groupings ...
... groups”, and “many drugs within each group are very similar…”. Typically, groupings are built around some original or prototypical drug about which much is known, and other group members are then studied in terms of similarities and/or differences between these drugs and the original. Such groupings ...
(Agonist) of Nuclear Receptor
... A macromolecular component of the organism that binds the drug and initiates its effect. ...
... A macromolecular component of the organism that binds the drug and initiates its effect. ...
- Gondwana University, Gadchiroli
... 8) Fundamental concepts of Inorganic Chemistry by E.S. Gilreath McGraw Holl book co. 9) Modern Inorganic Chemistry by W.L. Jolly McGraw Holl Int. 10) Chemistry Fact Patterns & Principles by Kneen Rogers and Simpson ELBS. 11) Theorotical Principles of Inorganic Chemistry by G.S. Manku Tata McGraw Hil ...
... 8) Fundamental concepts of Inorganic Chemistry by E.S. Gilreath McGraw Holl book co. 9) Modern Inorganic Chemistry by W.L. Jolly McGraw Holl Int. 10) Chemistry Fact Patterns & Principles by Kneen Rogers and Simpson ELBS. 11) Theorotical Principles of Inorganic Chemistry by G.S. Manku Tata McGraw Hil ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.