Overcoming optical focus issues in handheld Raman systems for
... to identify that compound. The intensity of the spectrum is directly proportional to the concentration. Multiplex models can be built to determine the concentration of samples. However, the majority of the available portable and handheld systems use closely related sampling designs, which make the i ...
... to identify that compound. The intensity of the spectrum is directly proportional to the concentration. Multiplex models can be built to determine the concentration of samples. However, the majority of the available portable and handheld systems use closely related sampling designs, which make the i ...
chapter Anticholinergic Drugs Objectives
... orders, bradycardia, and Parkinson’s disease. They also are used before surgery and bronchoscopy. Drugs at a Glance: Selected Anticholinergic Drugs describes the therapeutic use, dosage and route of administration of selected anticholinergic medications. • GI disorders in which anticholinergics have ...
... orders, bradycardia, and Parkinson’s disease. They also are used before surgery and bronchoscopy. Drugs at a Glance: Selected Anticholinergic Drugs describes the therapeutic use, dosage and route of administration of selected anticholinergic medications. • GI disorders in which anticholinergics have ...
Do You Know Amphetamines
... The effects of amphetamines are often different from person to person. Amphetamines can make people: ·· alert, confident and energetic ·· talkative, restless and excited ·· feel a sense of power and superiority ·· tense and nervous ·· hostile and aggressive. In children who are hyperactive, however, ...
... The effects of amphetamines are often different from person to person. Amphetamines can make people: ·· alert, confident and energetic ·· talkative, restless and excited ·· feel a sense of power and superiority ·· tense and nervous ·· hostile and aggressive. In children who are hyperactive, however, ...
Stability Indicating HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of
... was developed for the simultaneous determination of mephenesin and diclofenac diethylamine, using a Spheri-5RP-18 column and a mobile phase composed of methanol: water (70:30, v/v), pH 3.0 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid. The retention times of mephenesin and diclofenac diethylamine were found to be ...
... was developed for the simultaneous determination of mephenesin and diclofenac diethylamine, using a Spheri-5RP-18 column and a mobile phase composed of methanol: water (70:30, v/v), pH 3.0 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid. The retention times of mephenesin and diclofenac diethylamine were found to be ...
fast pyrolysis characteristics of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose
... inexpensive and renewable resources, their conversion into synthetic fuels and chemical feedstock has emerged as an attractive alternative in the past decade.1 As a first stage of gasification and liquefaction of straw and other agricultural materials, pyrolysis is the key technology of the thermo-c ...
... inexpensive and renewable resources, their conversion into synthetic fuels and chemical feedstock has emerged as an attractive alternative in the past decade.1 As a first stage of gasification and liquefaction of straw and other agricultural materials, pyrolysis is the key technology of the thermo-c ...
(MDMA), Amphetamine, and LSD
... McDowell and Kleber, 1994). The mood changes after an LSD trip include lassitude and nervousness, together with cognitive and perceptual ¯ashbacks. The long-term neurochemical eects of repeated drug use are also a matter of concern. Cognitive performance de®cits have been demonstrated in regular MD ...
... McDowell and Kleber, 1994). The mood changes after an LSD trip include lassitude and nervousness, together with cognitive and perceptual ¯ashbacks. The long-term neurochemical eects of repeated drug use are also a matter of concern. Cognitive performance de®cits have been demonstrated in regular MD ...
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
... immunologically mediated. Unlike most adverse drug reactions, allergic drug reactions are unpredictable. Whereas some drug-induced allergic reactions may be easily classified into one of the four Gell and Coombs hypersensitivity categories, many others that appear to have an immunologic component ca ...
... immunologically mediated. Unlike most adverse drug reactions, allergic drug reactions are unpredictable. Whereas some drug-induced allergic reactions may be easily classified into one of the four Gell and Coombs hypersensitivity categories, many others that appear to have an immunologic component ca ...
100 Problems and Exercises in Organometallic Chemistry Anil J. Elias
... 5. Reduction by sodium amalgam (Na/Hg), of η5-(CH3C5H4)MCl4 compounds (M = Mo, W) were found to give dimeric molecules as products which are at the same time neutral, symmetrical, and tetrachlorinated in nature. Given that the new tungsten complex is a 16 electron species and the molybdenum complex ...
... 5. Reduction by sodium amalgam (Na/Hg), of η5-(CH3C5H4)MCl4 compounds (M = Mo, W) were found to give dimeric molecules as products which are at the same time neutral, symmetrical, and tetrachlorinated in nature. Given that the new tungsten complex is a 16 electron species and the molybdenum complex ...
The role of drug metabolism in drug discovery and
... reactive metabolites, need further research. The thesis reviews the role of drug metabolism in the drug discovery and development process from the point of view of metabolism and metabolites. Special emphasis is put on reviewing the metabolism behind human toxicity and safety, and the roles of circu ...
... reactive metabolites, need further research. The thesis reviews the role of drug metabolism in the drug discovery and development process from the point of view of metabolism and metabolites. Special emphasis is put on reviewing the metabolism behind human toxicity and safety, and the roles of circu ...
2. Species differences in CYP enzymes
... inducers of the total CYP450 content in vivo. Unfortunately, no other species was used as a reference to compare the potency of induction and profile of CYP enzymes involved. Two bands in Western blotting were detected after b-naphthofalvone induction, a well-known inducer of CYP1A enzymes. The expr ...
... inducers of the total CYP450 content in vivo. Unfortunately, no other species was used as a reference to compare the potency of induction and profile of CYP enzymes involved. Two bands in Western blotting were detected after b-naphthofalvone induction, a well-known inducer of CYP1A enzymes. The expr ...
Gr. 11 Chemistry Student Workbook (Spring 2016)
... An active science program presents some hazards to both staff and students. All attempts will be made however, to identify hazards and manage risks so that they become minimal. Before each activity, instructions will be given to reduce any risks. Teachers will assess the readiness level of students ...
... An active science program presents some hazards to both staff and students. All attempts will be made however, to identify hazards and manage risks so that they become minimal. Before each activity, instructions will be given to reduce any risks. Teachers will assess the readiness level of students ...
Functional materials from cellulose: tissue scaffolds, formulation
... percent inclusion in aqueous (and other) formulations; and 3. robust, flame retardant composites in a range of formats from beads to sheets. ...
... percent inclusion in aqueous (and other) formulations; and 3. robust, flame retardant composites in a range of formats from beads to sheets. ...
Antibody–drug conjugates nonclinical support: from early to late
... analyte of some ADCs. The plasma matrix is thus preferred for LC–MS-based quantitation of the antibody-conjugated small molecule drug and/or the released unconjugated small molecule drug and its metabolites [9] . But the plasma processing is also associated with its own set of challenges such as the ...
... analyte of some ADCs. The plasma matrix is thus preferred for LC–MS-based quantitation of the antibody-conjugated small molecule drug and/or the released unconjugated small molecule drug and its metabolites [9] . But the plasma processing is also associated with its own set of challenges such as the ...
![Cucurbit[n]urils as excipients in pharmaceutical dosage forms](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/005393778_1-462b4ddd8a98f7dba6c184d59041de9f-300x300.png)
Cucurbit[n]urils as excipients in pharmaceutical dosage forms
... neurotoxicity. While both CB[6] and CB[7] both displayed some myotoxicity via a presynaptic effect, the toxicity was only observed at concentrations much higher than what would ordinarily be used in the clinic. Both CB[6] and CB[7] also displayed some cardiotoxicity, as measured by changes in the fo ...
... neurotoxicity. While both CB[6] and CB[7] both displayed some myotoxicity via a presynaptic effect, the toxicity was only observed at concentrations much higher than what would ordinarily be used in the clinic. Both CB[6] and CB[7] also displayed some cardiotoxicity, as measured by changes in the fo ...
DESIGNING OF A POTENT ANALOG AGAINST DRUG RESISTANT HIV-1 PROTEASE:... STUDY Research Article
... proteins. The necessity of this enzyme (HIV-1 Protease) for the maturation of provirus and completion of virus life cycle makes it a promising target for Anti-Retroviral therapy. Fortunately for HIV virus and unfortunately for humans the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme lacks proofreading activity ...
... proteins. The necessity of this enzyme (HIV-1 Protease) for the maturation of provirus and completion of virus life cycle makes it a promising target for Anti-Retroviral therapy. Fortunately for HIV virus and unfortunately for humans the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme lacks proofreading activity ...
Development of 5-Substituted N-Methylmorphinan-6
... related to opioid use are severe and often lead to early discontinuation and inadequate analgesia. The development of more effective and safer medications for the management of pain still remains a major direction in pharmaceutical research. Chemical approaches towards the identification of novel MOR ...
... related to opioid use are severe and often lead to early discontinuation and inadequate analgesia. The development of more effective and safer medications for the management of pain still remains a major direction in pharmaceutical research. Chemical approaches towards the identification of novel MOR ...
a homeopathic remedy for cardiac ailment
... diseases and have played a major role in human pharmacotherapy. Plant constituents are used in/as various commercial preparations for example atropine, digitoxin, ephedrine, reserpine etc. However, there is a need of careful scientific assessment of these herbal drugs about their toxic effect and/or ...
... diseases and have played a major role in human pharmacotherapy. Plant constituents are used in/as various commercial preparations for example atropine, digitoxin, ephedrine, reserpine etc. However, there is a need of careful scientific assessment of these herbal drugs about their toxic effect and/or ...
Chemistry Education in Talent Training of Mineral Processing
... With rich connotation and broad extension, physical chemistry covers all aspects of flotation such as mineral rock, slurry solution, organic molecules, the interaction between the gas medium in froth flotation with the mineral, etc. Physical chemistry is a critical course in mineral processing engin ...
... With rich connotation and broad extension, physical chemistry covers all aspects of flotation such as mineral rock, slurry solution, organic molecules, the interaction between the gas medium in froth flotation with the mineral, etc. Physical chemistry is a critical course in mineral processing engin ...
M.Sc. Part-I Chemistry - North Maharashtra University
... The student should perform minimum of 09 experiments from each Semester that is ...
... The student should perform minimum of 09 experiments from each Semester that is ...
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl
... 5-HT2 sites with high affinity; for example, 11 binds with aKi value of 4 nM.6 Incorporation of this carbonyl moiety into anilino analogue 9 had little effect on affinity (12; Ki = 70 nM) but resulted in an agent that is essentiallyinactive at 5-HTlc sites (Le., in a >ldO-fold selectivity for 5-HTz ...
... 5-HT2 sites with high affinity; for example, 11 binds with aKi value of 4 nM.6 Incorporation of this carbonyl moiety into anilino analogue 9 had little effect on affinity (12; Ki = 70 nM) but resulted in an agent that is essentiallyinactive at 5-HTlc sites (Le., in a >ldO-fold selectivity for 5-HTz ...
SEIKO ABUBAKARI - Kwame Nkrumah University of Science
... Malaria is a public health problem worldwide, especially in tropical Africa where it kills around a million of people a year, of which 75% are children under 5 years of age, drug assessment in this group is lower which complicate the choice of appropriate treatment. Quinine is re-emerging as an impo ...
... Malaria is a public health problem worldwide, especially in tropical Africa where it kills around a million of people a year, of which 75% are children under 5 years of age, drug assessment in this group is lower which complicate the choice of appropriate treatment. Quinine is re-emerging as an impo ...
Epilepsy in elderly: Neelima Thakur, M.D.
... Delayed esophageal emptying Altered gastric pH Delayed gastric emptying Increased intestinal transit time ...
... Delayed esophageal emptying Altered gastric pH Delayed gastric emptying Increased intestinal transit time ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.