Active Transport of Fentanyl by the Blood-Brain Barrier1
... cell cultures were washed twice with serum-free BBMEC culture medium. Subsequently, the BBMEC monolayers were incubated with 0.25 ml serum-free BBMEC culture medium containing either 50 nM [3H]fentanyl (0.447 mCi) or 4 mM R123 for 60 min at 37°C. After incubation was complete, the culture media was ...
... cell cultures were washed twice with serum-free BBMEC culture medium. Subsequently, the BBMEC monolayers were incubated with 0.25 ml serum-free BBMEC culture medium containing either 50 nM [3H]fentanyl (0.447 mCi) or 4 mM R123 for 60 min at 37°C. After incubation was complete, the culture media was ...
DESIGNER & CLUB DRUGS IN OUR COMMUNITY Patricia Junquera, MD
... At least 19 young people are reported to have died after taking 25I- 25C- or 25B-NBOMe between March 2012 and August 2013. Junquera & Castellanos, 2014 ...
... At least 19 young people are reported to have died after taking 25I- 25C- or 25B-NBOMe between March 2012 and August 2013. Junquera & Castellanos, 2014 ...
Acetaminophen
... medicinal use of acetaminophen. However, in light of the widespread use of this drug, it seems to be a very rare side-effect, and will probably represent a negligible risk at the low exposure doses from cosmetics. ii) Acetaminophen is commonly used and the recommended daily drug dose has the potenti ...
... medicinal use of acetaminophen. However, in light of the widespread use of this drug, it seems to be a very rare side-effect, and will probably represent a negligible risk at the low exposure doses from cosmetics. ii) Acetaminophen is commonly used and the recommended daily drug dose has the potenti ...
Improving anti-drug antibody assay performance in
... parts. Humanized Abs differs from chimeric Abs in the variable parts which are composed of both human and murine parts (Figure 1) (Keizer et al. 2010). Today mAbs are used as targeting therapies for several diseases including autoimmune and infectious diseases, oncological disorders and transplant ...
... parts. Humanized Abs differs from chimeric Abs in the variable parts which are composed of both human and murine parts (Figure 1) (Keizer et al. 2010). Today mAbs are used as targeting therapies for several diseases including autoimmune and infectious diseases, oncological disorders and transplant ...
Over-the-Counter Medications
... relax. In fiscal year 2007, according to data provided by the Prescription Project (a policy-advocacy organization), companies spent more than $50 million marketing ...
... relax. In fiscal year 2007, according to data provided by the Prescription Project (a policy-advocacy organization), companies spent more than $50 million marketing ...
Genetic polymorphisms and drug interactions modulating
... Co-administration of the CYP3A inducer rifampin has been associated with negative urine oxycodone screening (Lee et al., 2006), as well as with a dramatic reduction in oxycodone exposure and pharmacodynamic effects in healthy volunteers (Nieminen et al., 2009). Inversely voriconazole increased oxyco ...
... Co-administration of the CYP3A inducer rifampin has been associated with negative urine oxycodone screening (Lee et al., 2006), as well as with a dramatic reduction in oxycodone exposure and pharmacodynamic effects in healthy volunteers (Nieminen et al., 2009). Inversely voriconazole increased oxyco ...
Inhaled and intranasal fluticasone propionate and haematoma
... fluticasone propionate related haematomas or purpura. These symptoms were reported both in users and non-users of the fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination preparation, so confounding by concomitant use of salmeterol due to an unknown ADR is unlikely. Concomitant use of medications leading t ...
... fluticasone propionate related haematomas or purpura. These symptoms were reported both in users and non-users of the fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination preparation, so confounding by concomitant use of salmeterol due to an unknown ADR is unlikely. Concomitant use of medications leading t ...
Pharmaceutical Blister Packaging, Part I
... runs PP and needs new equipment, it must go through a precise validation process, performing various tests on PP to satisfy FDA requirements. As a result, PP is virtually nonexistent in pharmaceutical blister packaging in the United States, and it still appears to be used minimally for that purpose ...
... runs PP and needs new equipment, it must go through a precise validation process, performing various tests on PP to satisfy FDA requirements. As a result, PP is virtually nonexistent in pharmaceutical blister packaging in the United States, and it still appears to be used minimally for that purpose ...
Alberta Drug Benefit List
... Administered by Alberta Blue Cross on behalf of Alberta Health. The Drug Benefit List (DBL) is a list of drugs for which coverage may be provided to program participants. The DBL is not intended to be, and must not be used as a diagnostic or prescribing tool. Inclusion of a drug on the DBL does not ...
... Administered by Alberta Blue Cross on behalf of Alberta Health. The Drug Benefit List (DBL) is a list of drugs for which coverage may be provided to program participants. The DBL is not intended to be, and must not be used as a diagnostic or prescribing tool. Inclusion of a drug on the DBL does not ...
Conclusion - Concordia College
... Design- The concentration of Se in fertilizer increased from <1.0 to >800 µg/g. Results- When Se was increased, it inhibited the present of colon cancer in rats; however it also reduced the sulforaphane content by >80% and inhibited production of most phenolic acids. Conclusion- Selenium enhancement ...
... Design- The concentration of Se in fertilizer increased from <1.0 to >800 µg/g. Results- When Se was increased, it inhibited the present of colon cancer in rats; however it also reduced the sulforaphane content by >80% and inhibited production of most phenolic acids. Conclusion- Selenium enhancement ...
Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
... Aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients have developed reactions (rhinorrhoea, tightness of chest, wheezing, dyspnoea) when challenged with diclofenac in doses of 10 to 25 mg1 and the UK CSM has received a report of an aspirinsensitive patient who died from acute asthma 4 hours after a single 25-mg dos ...
... Aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients have developed reactions (rhinorrhoea, tightness of chest, wheezing, dyspnoea) when challenged with diclofenac in doses of 10 to 25 mg1 and the UK CSM has received a report of an aspirinsensitive patient who died from acute asthma 4 hours after a single 25-mg dos ...
Stoichiometry - Social Circle City Schools
... particles is called Avogadro’s number (NA) and has a value of 6.0221415 × 1023. In most cases we will use 6.022 × 1023 or 6.02 × 1023 for Avogadro’s number. One mole of any element contains 6.0221415 × 1023 atoms of that element, and one mole of a molecular compound contains 6.0221415 × 1023 molecul ...
... particles is called Avogadro’s number (NA) and has a value of 6.0221415 × 1023. In most cases we will use 6.022 × 1023 or 6.02 × 1023 for Avogadro’s number. One mole of any element contains 6.0221415 × 1023 atoms of that element, and one mole of a molecular compound contains 6.0221415 × 1023 molecul ...
licensing opportunity propylene glycol free minoxidil
... product. According to the different international regulatory agencies, there are two options to provide this information: 1. Results from an in vivo bioequivalence study. 2. A waiver of the in vivo bioequivalence study supported with expert justifications and/or data from in vitro assays. Bionanoplu ...
... product. According to the different international regulatory agencies, there are two options to provide this information: 1. Results from an in vivo bioequivalence study. 2. A waiver of the in vivo bioequivalence study supported with expert justifications and/or data from in vitro assays. Bionanoplu ...
capecitabine - Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
... Xeloda 150 mg and 500 mg film-coated tablets, which were first licensed to Roche Registration Limited on 02 February 2001 via the Centralised Procedure (EU/1/00/163/002). Capecitabine is a non-cytotoxic fluoropyrimidine carbamate, which functions as an orally administered precursor of the cytotoxic ...
... Xeloda 150 mg and 500 mg film-coated tablets, which were first licensed to Roche Registration Limited on 02 February 2001 via the Centralised Procedure (EU/1/00/163/002). Capecitabine is a non-cytotoxic fluoropyrimidine carbamate, which functions as an orally administered precursor of the cytotoxic ...
ranitidine oral
... microsomal enzyme activity appears to be structurally determined rather than associated with H 2-receptor blockade, since ranitidine and cimetidine differ substantially in their effects on this enzyme system. Hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity appears to be unchangedfollowing concomi ...
... microsomal enzyme activity appears to be structurally determined rather than associated with H 2-receptor blockade, since ranitidine and cimetidine differ substantially in their effects on this enzyme system. Hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity appears to be unchangedfollowing concomi ...
DRUG ENCAPSULATION IN PECTIN HYDROGEL BEADS- A SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF
... or poor transport across biological membranes in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Direct drug delivery to the colon is also more effective in the case of diseases such as ulcerative colitis, colorectal cancer and Crohn's disease. The active agents, such as proteins, antibiotics, nucleotides, etc, a ...
... or poor transport across biological membranes in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Direct drug delivery to the colon is also more effective in the case of diseases such as ulcerative colitis, colorectal cancer and Crohn's disease. The active agents, such as proteins, antibiotics, nucleotides, etc, a ...
Paediatric formulations of L-arginine for the use in urea cycle disorders
... supplementation of non-deficient rats led to decreased weight loss on the first day post-injury, and increased wound healing in rats subjected to dorsal skin wounding. L-arginine is a basic, genetically coded amino acid that is an essential amino acid for human development. It is a precursor of nitr ...
... supplementation of non-deficient rats led to decreased weight loss on the first day post-injury, and increased wound healing in rats subjected to dorsal skin wounding. L-arginine is a basic, genetically coded amino acid that is an essential amino acid for human development. It is a precursor of nitr ...
4. post-exposure prophylaxis for hiv
... unpublished study of ATV/r with TDF + FTC for post-exposure prophylaxis was stopped early because participants had a high prevalence of jaundice. Recent published studies have reported good tolerability associated with the use of RAL and DRV/r in post-exposure prophylaxis, but data are limited and, ...
... unpublished study of ATV/r with TDF + FTC for post-exposure prophylaxis was stopped early because participants had a high prevalence of jaundice. Recent published studies have reported good tolerability associated with the use of RAL and DRV/r in post-exposure prophylaxis, but data are limited and, ...
SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DENDRIMERS Review Article
... 800nm. UV-Vis spectrometry provides the proof of synthesis as well as the conjugation (surface modification) on dendrimers due to characteristic absorption maximum or shift in value of lambda max (Bathochromic shift: Red shift). UV-Vis spectrometry is used to detect the functional moieties attached ...
... 800nm. UV-Vis spectrometry provides the proof of synthesis as well as the conjugation (surface modification) on dendrimers due to characteristic absorption maximum or shift in value of lambda max (Bathochromic shift: Red shift). UV-Vis spectrometry is used to detect the functional moieties attached ...
Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
... Antimicrobial Action (Latest modification: 25-Mar-2004) Cefuroxime is bactericidal and has a similar spectrum of antimicrobial action and pattern of resistance to those of cefamandole ( ...
... Antimicrobial Action (Latest modification: 25-Mar-2004) Cefuroxime is bactericidal and has a similar spectrum of antimicrobial action and pattern of resistance to those of cefamandole ( ...
The influence of macrolide antibiotics on the uptake of organic
... ibuprofen in eluent) to 100 µl of the cell lysates. The injected volume was 30 µl. LC/MS/MS analysis was performed using a Sciex API 4000TM (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an atmospheric pressure ionization (API) Turbo Ion Spray® interface cou ...
... ibuprofen in eluent) to 100 µl of the cell lysates. The injected volume was 30 µl. LC/MS/MS analysis was performed using a Sciex API 4000TM (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an atmospheric pressure ionization (API) Turbo Ion Spray® interface cou ...
Artemisia annua(Sweet Annie), Other Artemisia Species, Artemisinin
... enormous quantities of seeds. The part used therapeutically is the flowering top. A. annua has many chemotypes and cultivars with varying chemistries that can significantly affect medicinal activity.3 The high-artemisinin cultivars that dominate in China and Africa develop peak artemisinin levels be ...
... enormous quantities of seeds. The part used therapeutically is the flowering top. A. annua has many chemotypes and cultivars with varying chemistries that can significantly affect medicinal activity.3 The high-artemisinin cultivars that dominate in China and Africa develop peak artemisinin levels be ...
Guidelines on Similar Biologic: Regulatory Requirements for
... The Similar Biologics are regulated as per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945 (as amended from time to time) and Rules for the manufacture, use, import, export and storage of hazardous microorganisms/ genetically engineered organisms or cells, 1989 (Rules, 1989) n ...
... The Similar Biologics are regulated as per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945 (as amended from time to time) and Rules for the manufacture, use, import, export and storage of hazardous microorganisms/ genetically engineered organisms or cells, 1989 (Rules, 1989) n ...
Physical Compatibility of Pantoprazole with Selected Medications
... reddish brown precipitate was also observed in the mixtures containing pantoprazole 0.40 mg/mL. Mixtures of all 3 concentrations of midazolam (1.0 mg/mL, 1.5 mg/mL, and 2.0 mg/mL) with pantoprazole 0.80 mg/mL turned cloudy immediately upon mixing and gradually turned a light brown colour, eventually ...
... reddish brown precipitate was also observed in the mixtures containing pantoprazole 0.40 mg/mL. Mixtures of all 3 concentrations of midazolam (1.0 mg/mL, 1.5 mg/mL, and 2.0 mg/mL) with pantoprazole 0.80 mg/mL turned cloudy immediately upon mixing and gradually turned a light brown colour, eventually ...
disodium phosphate - PAN Pesticide Database
... Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Early intubation, at the first signs of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device ...
... Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Early intubation, at the first signs of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.