Australian Immunisation Handbook
... Further instructions about the public health management of diphtheria, including management of cases of diphtheria and their contacts, should be obtained from state/territory public health authorities (refer to Appendix 1 Contact details for Australian, state and territory government health authorit ...
... Further instructions about the public health management of diphtheria, including management of cases of diphtheria and their contacts, should be obtained from state/territory public health authorities (refer to Appendix 1 Contact details for Australian, state and territory government health authorit ...
1-3 - Universiteit Utrecht
... clinically meaningful difference or the preserved fraction should be determined, for instance 50%. [2, 3] For example when a new treatment is compared to an active comparator. This active comparator has compared to placebo a risk difference of 15% (95%CI 10%-20%). The 10% is now used as the conserva ...
... clinically meaningful difference or the preserved fraction should be determined, for instance 50%. [2, 3] For example when a new treatment is compared to an active comparator. This active comparator has compared to placebo a risk difference of 15% (95%CI 10%-20%). The 10% is now used as the conserva ...
Rotavirus vaccination
... Bolivia, first high-mortality country to introduce Rotarix® in 2008, with GAVI support Study found vaccinated children 70% less likely to be hospitalized for rotavirus compared to unvaccinated children Protection sustained through first 2 years of a child’s life, when risk of infection is grea ...
... Bolivia, first high-mortality country to introduce Rotarix® in 2008, with GAVI support Study found vaccinated children 70% less likely to be hospitalized for rotavirus compared to unvaccinated children Protection sustained through first 2 years of a child’s life, when risk of infection is grea ...
Management of Infectious Disease in Childcare Facilities and Other
... All children and staff who develop symptoms of diarrhoea and vomiting should be excluded from the Childcare Facility until at least 48 hours after symptoms have stopped. A longer period of exclusion may be necessary in certain circumstances, e.g. for children under five years and older children who ...
... All children and staff who develop symptoms of diarrhoea and vomiting should be excluded from the Childcare Facility until at least 48 hours after symptoms have stopped. A longer period of exclusion may be necessary in certain circumstances, e.g. for children under five years and older children who ...
smallpox
... or oral mucosa and is carried by macrophages to regional lymph nodes from which a primary asymptomatic viremia develops on the 3rd or 4th day after infection. The reticuloendothelial organs are invaded and overwhelmed leading to a secondary viremia around the 8th to 12th day after infection. Toxemia ...
... or oral mucosa and is carried by macrophages to regional lymph nodes from which a primary asymptomatic viremia develops on the 3rd or 4th day after infection. The reticuloendothelial organs are invaded and overwhelmed leading to a secondary viremia around the 8th to 12th day after infection. Toxemia ...
Chapter 2
... GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT INFECTIONS: Even under the best of conditions, a specific agent is not found in the majority of cases of gastrointestinal tract disturbances. This may be due to a number of factors: infection due to an uncommon and unlooked-for organism or to an organism not yet implicated in ...
... GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT INFECTIONS: Even under the best of conditions, a specific agent is not found in the majority of cases of gastrointestinal tract disturbances. This may be due to a number of factors: infection due to an uncommon and unlooked-for organism or to an organism not yet implicated in ...
plague - sfcdcp
... Exposure is defined as proximity to aerosolized Y. pestis or close physical contact with a confirmed case. Close physical contact is defined as proximity less than 6.5 feet (2m) to a person who is symptomatic with plague and who has received <48 hours of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Household ...
... Exposure is defined as proximity to aerosolized Y. pestis or close physical contact with a confirmed case. Close physical contact is defined as proximity less than 6.5 feet (2m) to a person who is symptomatic with plague and who has received <48 hours of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Household ...
Neonatal Sepsis Powerpoint
... • Trend with multiple samplings correlates with infection as takes time to rise -- two samples ~24 hours apart useful • Potentially useful when maternal antibiotics given pretreatment interferes with cultures ...
... • Trend with multiple samplings correlates with infection as takes time to rise -- two samples ~24 hours apart useful • Potentially useful when maternal antibiotics given pretreatment interferes with cultures ...
40 Years Is Long Enough! - Baylor College of Medicine
... groundwork for the work by Adler et al in this issue, where results of the first phase 1 dose-escalation trial of the 4 chimeras in CMV-seronegative, healthy adult men are reported [5, 6]. All 4 chimeras were safe, well tolerated, and not excreted in bodily fluids, and chimera 4 led the pack as the mo ...
... groundwork for the work by Adler et al in this issue, where results of the first phase 1 dose-escalation trial of the 4 chimeras in CMV-seronegative, healthy adult men are reported [5, 6]. All 4 chimeras were safe, well tolerated, and not excreted in bodily fluids, and chimera 4 led the pack as the mo ...
addressing low uptake
... studies in the United States have shown that four out of five people will be infected with HPV between age 15 – 50 years.5 Risk factors for contracting HPV include:6–8 Age < 25 years Multiple sexual partners Younger age at first sexual activity Long-term oral contraceptive use The majority o ...
... studies in the United States have shown that four out of five people will be infected with HPV between age 15 – 50 years.5 Risk factors for contracting HPV include:6–8 Age < 25 years Multiple sexual partners Younger age at first sexual activity Long-term oral contraceptive use The majority o ...
MODULE 6 Communication - World Health Organization
... sources, such as the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) or WHO’s Vaccine Safety Net. The WHO evaluation of whether MMR vaccine increases the incidence of autism is a good example of an expert evaluation by the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, responding to information ne ...
... sources, such as the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) or WHO’s Vaccine Safety Net. The WHO evaluation of whether MMR vaccine increases the incidence of autism is a good example of an expert evaluation by the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, responding to information ne ...
mechanism of diarrhea
... Fever is common in patients with inflammatory diarrhea. Severe abdominal pain and tenesmus are indicative of involvement of the large intestine and rectum. Features such as nausea and vomiting and absent or low-grade fever with mild to moderate periumbilical pain and watery diarrhea are indicative ...
... Fever is common in patients with inflammatory diarrhea. Severe abdominal pain and tenesmus are indicative of involvement of the large intestine and rectum. Features such as nausea and vomiting and absent or low-grade fever with mild to moderate periumbilical pain and watery diarrhea are indicative ...
Text consolidated by Valsts valodas centrs (State Language Centre
... 3.1. children – against tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, measles, rubella, mumps, b type Haemophilus influenzae infection, Hepatitis B, varicella, pneumococcal infection, Rotavirus infection; 3.2. adults – against diphtheria and tetanus (Annex 2); 3.3. children and adults ...
... 3.1. children – against tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, measles, rubella, mumps, b type Haemophilus influenzae infection, Hepatitis B, varicella, pneumococcal infection, Rotavirus infection; 3.2. adults – against diphtheria and tetanus (Annex 2); 3.3. children and adults ...
Fever and Empiric Antibiotic Therapy–2016
... fungal or mycobacterial illness. The history of high fever and multiple shaking chills also strongly supports the possibility of an underlying bacterial infection or viral infection such as influenza. Although pulmonary embolism can cause fever, it’s not generally accompanied by true rigors and temp ...
... fungal or mycobacterial illness. The history of high fever and multiple shaking chills also strongly supports the possibility of an underlying bacterial infection or viral infection such as influenza. Although pulmonary embolism can cause fever, it’s not generally accompanied by true rigors and temp ...
Med Mol Para
... • 88 countries/350 million at risk • 12 million cases/2 million new infected • 57,000 deaths annually/4 million DALY • second to malaria in mortality and disability • synergy with HIV co-infection • no vaccine, limited treatment ...
... • 88 countries/350 million at risk • 12 million cases/2 million new infected • 57,000 deaths annually/4 million DALY • second to malaria in mortality and disability • synergy with HIV co-infection • no vaccine, limited treatment ...
Diagnosis and Treatment of Scrub Typhus
... the Indian sub-continent are based on clinical findings and the relatively non-specific Weil-Felix test including the study by Vivekanandan M and co-workers.7 Weil-Felix test has shown reasonably high specificity but a low sensitivity for the diagnosis of Rocky mountain spotted fever, Mediterranean ...
... the Indian sub-continent are based on clinical findings and the relatively non-specific Weil-Felix test including the study by Vivekanandan M and co-workers.7 Weil-Felix test has shown reasonably high specificity but a low sensitivity for the diagnosis of Rocky mountain spotted fever, Mediterranean ...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
... Background: BMS-284756, is a des-F(6)-quinolone that has shown good activity against a wide variety of bacteria. Methods: The in-vitro activities of BMS-284756, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were determined by the broth dilution method (R.N.Jones, Iowa) on 6582 isolates collected in the SENTRY 2000 ...
... Background: BMS-284756, is a des-F(6)-quinolone that has shown good activity against a wide variety of bacteria. Methods: The in-vitro activities of BMS-284756, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were determined by the broth dilution method (R.N.Jones, Iowa) on 6582 isolates collected in the SENTRY 2000 ...
Abstractbook
... The challenge for those involved in primary healthcare is how to protect this population from communicable diseases and keep them healthy, autonomous and independent using vaccines which in the main were developed for use on children and young adults. ...
... The challenge for those involved in primary healthcare is how to protect this population from communicable diseases and keep them healthy, autonomous and independent using vaccines which in the main were developed for use on children and young adults. ...
PIAS-KT Educational Outreach
... – HAP/VAP is 2nd most common nosocomial infection in Canada – 5th most common non-surgical reason for IH admission ...
... – HAP/VAP is 2nd most common nosocomial infection in Canada – 5th most common non-surgical reason for IH admission ...
New Developments in Vaccine Safety Monitoring Canada and the
... Subpopulations may be more susceptible to AEFIs Causality assessment complicated by inability to readily ‘dechallenge’ and reluctance to ‘rechallenge’ Health professionals who recognize and report AEFI often not the same as those who gave the vaccine ...
... Subpopulations may be more susceptible to AEFIs Causality assessment complicated by inability to readily ‘dechallenge’ and reluctance to ‘rechallenge’ Health professionals who recognize and report AEFI often not the same as those who gave the vaccine ...
CASE 5: “RASH JUDGMENT”
... How are rashes classified? What infectious conditions are to be entertained in Michelle’s case? Are there non-infectious conditions that may present with rashes? In view of the general presentation, what is the most likely diagnosis of Michelle’s case? Discuss the possible complications of her condi ...
... How are rashes classified? What infectious conditions are to be entertained in Michelle’s case? Are there non-infectious conditions that may present with rashes? In view of the general presentation, what is the most likely diagnosis of Michelle’s case? Discuss the possible complications of her condi ...
Haemophilus influenzae type b - Fact sheet - NCIRS
... with soft stridor, high fever, dysphagia and drooling. If appropriate treatment, including antibiotic therapy and airway management, is not instituted, the swollen epiglottis can rapidly cause respiratory obstruction leading to death. Hib was responsible for over 95% of cases of epiglottitis in the ...
... with soft stridor, high fever, dysphagia and drooling. If appropriate treatment, including antibiotic therapy and airway management, is not instituted, the swollen epiglottis can rapidly cause respiratory obstruction leading to death. Hib was responsible for over 95% of cases of epiglottitis in the ...
11 Measles - Ministry of Health
... have controlled measles to the point of elimination in many populations.15 Outbreaks and epidemics continue to occur where low immunisation rates and/or sufficient numbers of susceptible members of communities are present. A 2012 Cochrane review of the safety and effectiveness of MMR vaccine conclud ...
... have controlled measles to the point of elimination in many populations.15 Outbreaks and epidemics continue to occur where low immunisation rates and/or sufficient numbers of susceptible members of communities are present. A 2012 Cochrane review of the safety and effectiveness of MMR vaccine conclud ...
Vaccines for the 21st century
... In the last century, vaccination has been the most effective medical intervention to reduce death and morbidity caused by infectious diseases. It is believed that vaccines save at least 2–3 million lives per year worldwide. Smallpox has been eradicated and polio has almost disappeared worldwide thro ...
... In the last century, vaccination has been the most effective medical intervention to reduce death and morbidity caused by infectious diseases. It is believed that vaccines save at least 2–3 million lives per year worldwide. Smallpox has been eradicated and polio has almost disappeared worldwide thro ...
Appendix 3.7 - WHO archives
... The WHO-IFPMA Working Group on medicines R&D has undertaken a detailed investigation of the levels of public and private R&D that is underway in the principal infectious diseases affecting the world today. These include the infectious diseases that are a particular burden for developing countries. W ...
... The WHO-IFPMA Working Group on medicines R&D has undertaken a detailed investigation of the levels of public and private R&D that is underway in the principal infectious diseases affecting the world today. These include the infectious diseases that are a particular burden for developing countries. W ...
Typhoid fever
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a symptomatic bacterial infection due to Salmonella typhi. Symptoms may vary from mild to severe and usually begin six to thirty days after exposure. Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. Weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, and headaches also commonly occur. Diarrhea and vomiting are uncommon. Some people develop a skin rash with rose colored spots. In severe cases there may be confusion. Without treatment symptoms may last weeks or months. Other people may carry the bacterium without being affected; however, they are still able to spread the disease to others. Typhoid fever is a type of enteric fever along with paratyphoid fever.The cause is the bacterium Salmonella typhi, also known as Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, growing in the intestines and blood. Typhoid is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. Risk factors include poor sanitation and poor hygiene. Those who travel to the developing world are also at risk. Humans are the only animal infected. Diagnosis is by either culturing the bacteria or detecting the bacterium's DNA in the blood, stool, or bone marrow. Culturing the bacterium can be difficult. Bone marrow testing is the most accurate. Symptoms are similar to that of many other infectious diseases. Typhus is a different disease.A typhoid vaccine can prevent about 50% to 70% of cases. The vaccine may be effective for up to seven years. It is recommended for those at high risk or people traveling to areas where the disease is common. Other efforts to prevent the disease include providing clean drinking water, better sanitation, and better handwashing. Until it has been confirmed that an individual's infection is cleared, the individual should not prepare food for others. Treatment of disease is with antibiotics such as azithromycin, fluoroquinolones or third generation cephalosporins. Resistance to these antibiotics has been developing, which has made treatment of the disease more difficult.In 2010 there were 27 million cases reported. The disease is most common in India, and children are most commonly affected. Rates of disease decreased in the developed world in the 1940s as a result of improved sanitation and use of antibiotics to treat the disease. About 400 cases are reported and the disease is estimated to occur in about 6,000 people per year in the United States. In 2013 it resulted in about 161,000 deaths – down from 181,000 in 1990 (about 0.3% of the global total). The risk of death may be as high as 25% without treatment, while with treatment it is between 1 and 4%. The name typhoid means ""resembling typhus"" due to the similarity in symptoms.