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Dengue Fever - johnbirchall
Dengue Fever - johnbirchall

... Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. This disease used to be called "break-bone" fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking, hence the name. Health experts have known about ...
Antifungal agents for common outpatient paediatric infections
Antifungal agents for common outpatient paediatric infections

Burden of Nursing Home-Onset Clostridium difficile Infection in the
Burden of Nursing Home-Onset Clostridium difficile Infection in the

... their often advanced age, increased healthcare utilization, extended length of stay, underlying conditions, and antimicrobial exposure [5]. Clostridium difficile infection incidence in persons 65 years of age and older is at least 5 times that of younger people, and advanced age is an important risk ...
Topical therapy of 1-2, 4, 5 Trimethoxy phenyl 1
Topical therapy of 1-2, 4, 5 Trimethoxy phenyl 1

Limitations of PCR-Based Assays Performed on Formalin
Limitations of PCR-Based Assays Performed on Formalin

... The PCR-based assays for C difficile detection are somewhat unusual because they are typically performed on stool rather than on tissue. The ability to perform PCR assays for bacterial DNA directly on gastrointestinal mucosal biopsy tissue blocks, however, is extremely important because patients are ...
downloadable - Medical Research Council
downloadable - Medical Research Council

... Network Abstract: Globally, bacteria cause millions of deaths each year in animals and humans. As antimicrobial resistance increases, this number is set to rise with devastating personal and economic costs. Much of the burden of bacterial-driven disease occurs in low and middleincome countries (LMIC ...
View Full Text-PDF
View Full Text-PDF

... prawns. Various species of the bacteria Pseudomonas sp. and Vibrio sp. were grown in TCBS agar/Zobell's marine agar for 24 h. Colonies were dispersed in sterile 0.85% NaCl solution/Zobell's marine broth and the density of the suspension was adjusted with sterile saline. 100 l of bacterial suspensio ...
Does bactrim treat staph aureus
Does bactrim treat staph aureus

... Staph Infections?. What Is Staphylococcus? What Is a Staph Infection? How Does Someone Get a Staph Infection?. Staphylococci are a circular-shaped family of bacteria that often inhabit the skin. Staph aureus is noted by The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library to be. What Is Staphylococcus? What Is ...
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria

... (Enterobacteriaceae) that were isolated from specimens in this study are similar to the findings of other studies carried out by different researches (9, 12, 18), studies carried out by Giacometti et al. (19) and Mahesh (20) reported Gram-positive cocci, especially S. aureus as predominant bacterial ...
Common Childhood Infections - Thunder Bay District Health Unit
Common Childhood Infections - Thunder Bay District Health Unit

Exam Tests by epidemiology 1. Active immunity appears after
Exam Tests by epidemiology 1. Active immunity appears after

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THE GENUS MYCOBACTERIUM
THE GENUS MYCOBACTERIUM

... cutaneous form of the disease, large firm nodules are distributed widely and on the face they create a characteristic leonine appearance. In the neural form, segments of peripheral nerves are involved, more or less as random, leading to localised patches of anaesthesia. The loss of sensation in the ...
Whooping cough vaccine cpt
Whooping cough vaccine cpt

... Why does my TEEN need Tdap vaccine? Babies and little TEENs get shots called DTaP to protect them from diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough). But as. Whooping cough — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, treatment of this vaccine-preventable lung infection. Fact sheets about vaccine ...
Intended learning objectives-Pharmaceutical micro I
Intended learning objectives-Pharmaceutical micro I

Communicable/Infectious Diseases
Communicable/Infectious Diseases

... with a listed exclusion condition must notify Sharing Places as soon as possible. * These conditions must be notified by medical practitioners to the Chief Health Officer. ...
Why High Incidence of Foodborne Disease?
Why High Incidence of Foodborne Disease?

...  Opportunistic pathogens: organisms that can only cause disease in an immuno-suppressed person or under unusual circumstances e.g. skin infections e.g. Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes ...
REPORTABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN MICHIGAN
REPORTABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN MICHIGAN

... departments throughout Michigan investigate reported cases of notifiable diseases and collect patient demographics and other relevant data and report to the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) through the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS). MDSS is a centralized, statewide, elect ...
Chronic Sinus Disease
Chronic Sinus Disease

... Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis (AFRS) • A. Symptoms present for >12 weeks • B. Requires >2 of the following symptoms ...
Chapter 32: Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Persons
Chapter 32: Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Persons

... ASB. In a controlled trial of intravaginal estriol therapy in postmenopausal women with recurrent UTI, the estriol group had fewer episodes of ASB than the placebo group.10 However, this study was conducted specifically among women with a history of recurrent UTI. Intravaginal estriol therapy is not ...
Strep Throat - Pediatric Associates of Lewiston, Maine.
Strep Throat - Pediatric Associates of Lewiston, Maine.

... her body, leading to conditions such as abscesses of the tonsils or kidney problems. Untreated strep infections also can lead to rheumatic fever, a disease that affects the heart. However, rheumatic fever is rare in the United States and in children under five years old. ...
BAD BUGS Healthcare Workers and Emerging Antibiotic
BAD BUGS Healthcare Workers and Emerging Antibiotic

... Genes tcdA and tcdB encode toxins A and B, respectively, whereas tcdD encodes a positive regulator of the production of toxins A and B. Gene tcdE encodes a protein that may be important for the release of toxin from the cell. Gene tcdC is a putative negative regulator of the production of toxins A a ...
How Infections/Diseases Spread
How Infections/Diseases Spread

... go to school if once rash appears they are feeling or when joint pain well enough to and swelling take part in the ...
Dental Focal Infection Illness
Dental Focal Infection Illness

... disease. Recognized clinical improvement may occur in the systemic or secondary disease when the primary focus is eradicated. 2. There is evidence of transient bacteremia in patients with primary foci and secondary systemic disease. Moreover, when a focus of infection exists, mechanical factors favo ...
Integumentary System – Catalase, Mannitol Salt Agar
Integumentary System – Catalase, Mannitol Salt Agar

... • The catalase test detects the presence of the enzyme catalase • Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen ...
food and industrial microbiology
food and industrial microbiology

... Water activity is an important property that can be used to predict food safety, stability and quality. The various applications of water activity includes; maintaining the chemical stability of foods, minimizing non enzymatic browning reactions and spontaneous autocatalytic lipid oxidation reaction ...
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Gastroenteritis



Gastroenteritis or infectious diarrhea is a medical condition from inflammation (""-itis"") of the gastrointestinal tract that involves both the stomach (""gastro""-) and the small intestine (""entero""-). It causes some combination of diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain and cramping. Dehydration may occur as a result. Gastroenteritis has been referred to as gastro, stomach bug, and stomach virus. Although unrelated to influenza, it has also been called stomach flu and gastric flu.Globally, most cases in children are caused by rotavirus. In adults, norovirus and Campylobacter are more common. Less common causes include other bacteria (or their toxins) and parasites. Transmission may occur due to consumption of improperly prepared foods or contaminated water or via close contact with individuals who are infectious. Prevention includes drinking clean water, hand washing with soap, and breast feeding babies instead of using formula. This applies particularly where sanitation and hygiene are lacking. The rotavirus vaccine is recommended for all children.The key treatment is enough fluids. For mild or moderate cases, this can typically be achieved via oral rehydration solution (a combination of water, salts, and sugar). In those who are breast fed, continued breast feeding is recommended. For more severe cases, intravenous fluids from a healthcare centre may be needed. Antibiotics are generally not recommended. Gastroenteritis primarily affects children and those in the developing world. It results in about three to five billion cases and causes 1.4 million deaths a year.
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