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Chapter 10
Chapter 10

... A statistician is being asked to test a new theory that the proportion of population A possessing a given characteristic is greater than the proportion of population B possessing the characteristic. A random sample of 625 from population A has been taken and it is determined that 463 possess the cha ...
Simple Linear Regression
Simple Linear Regression

Experiments 2: formulating & testing hypotheses
Experiments 2: formulating & testing hypotheses

... Directional hypotheses predict the direction in which the results are expected to run Non-directional hypotheses predict an effect of the IV on the DV, but not a direction ...
Review Chapter 5 and 6
Review Chapter 5 and 6

Mathematics, Statistics, and Teaching
Mathematics, Statistics, and Teaching

... to use them to involve students in the developmentof their criticaljudgment.In mathematics,where applied context is so much less important,improvisedexamples often work well, and teachers of mathematicsbecome skillful at inventing exampleson the spot (Need a function to illustratethe chain rule? No ...
Student`s t test, Inference for variances
Student`s t test, Inference for variances

Student`s t test, Inference for variances
Student`s t test, Inference for variances

... Determining the Critical Region 1. The Critical Region should consist of values of the test statistic that indicate that HA is true. (hence H0 should be rejected). 2. The size of the Critical Region is determined so that the probability of making a type I error, , is at some pre-determined level. ...
Hypothesis 1.key
Hypothesis 1.key

Measures of Variability
Measures of Variability

One-Way Analysis of Variance: Comparing Several Means
One-Way Analysis of Variance: Comparing Several Means

... into the first subset because they have similar means (there is not a statistically significant difference between their means).  Similarly, online and hybrid instruction were grouped into a subset because they have similar means (there is not a statistically significant difference between their me ...
8.1 Testing the Difference Between Means (Large Independent
8.1 Testing the Difference Between Means (Large Independent

Non-sampling error - Digital Pathways Development
Non-sampling error - Digital Pathways Development

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Lecture 6

Robust Statistics in BD FACSDiva™ Software
Robust Statistics in BD FACSDiva™ Software

Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics / Describing Distributions with
Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics / Describing Distributions with

... b. population correlation - ρxy = (1/ N) [ ∑ (( xi – x ) / σx ) * (( yi – y ) / σy ) ] = σxy / σx σy Note: Correlation always lies between -1 and 1. The closer to each of the values the stronger the relationship. The closer to 0 the weaker the relationship between the two variables. ...
Lecture 28, Compact version
Lecture 28, Compact version

Hypothesis testing 101 What is a hypothesis? A hypothesis an idea
Hypothesis testing 101 What is a hypothesis? A hypothesis an idea

Ethan Frome - Hope College Math Department
Ethan Frome - Hope College Math Department

... were available in a bowl, and the investigators compared the number of crackers eaten by children watching the different kinds of movies. One kind was shown at 8 A.M. and another at 11 A.M. It was found that during the movie shown at 11 A.M., more crackers were eaten than during the movie shown at 8 ...
HERE - MIT
HERE - MIT

... Information about the test-out exam The exam will be held on Friday, October 19th. See http://web.mit.edu/11.220/www/brushup/ for time and rooms. Please bring with you to the exam pens/pencils and a calculator. You may also bring up to 2 textbooks and 1 binder/set of *your* notes with you. We will s ...
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2 - Library

Handout 7a Example of calculating Beta
Handout 7a Example of calculating Beta

Probability and Statistics EQT 272
Probability and Statistics EQT 272

... other students. The mean numbers of hours spent studying per week is 25 hours with a standard deviation of 3 hours per week. A sample of 40 Class A students was selected at random and the mean number of hours spent studying per week was found to be 26 hours. Can the teacher’s claim be accepted at 5% ...
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Calculator - Evaluating Expressions, Mean, Median, Mode and Data

Statistics - Kellogg School of Management
Statistics - Kellogg School of Management

How Many Heads? Proportion in 5 Coin Flips Proportion in 25 Flips
How Many Heads? Proportion in 5 Coin Flips Proportion in 25 Flips

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Misuse of statistics

Statistics are supposed to make something easier to understand but when used in a misleading fashion can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy.The false statistics trap can be quite damaging to the quest for knowledge. For example, in medical science, correcting a falsehood may take decades and cost lives.Misuses can be easy to fall into. Professional scientists, even mathematicians and professional statisticians, can be fooled by even some simple methods, even if they are careful to check everything. Scientists have been known to fool themselves with statistics due to lack of knowledge of probability theory and lack of standardization of their tests.
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