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STT315 201-202
STT315 201-202

... Confidence intervals help fill an important need to quantify the accuracy of information. CI for a proportion, n large. One might read that the percentage of smokers in a population is estimated by the poll data to be “22.5% with a margin of error of plus or minus 6%.” Typically this means that a ra ...
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... Decision: Fail to reject the null hypothesis. Conclusion: At the 0.05 significance level, there is no evidence that the two tips produce different readings. DISCUSSION THE SIGN TEST According to Walpole, page 603: “Whenever n > 10, binomial probabilities with p = ½ can be approximated from the norma ...
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... Trained tasters rate the sweetness before and after storage. Here are the sweetness losses (sweetness before storage minus sweetness after storage) found by 10 tasters for one new cola recipe: ...
< 1 ... 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 ... 285 >

Misuse of statistics

Statistics are supposed to make something easier to understand but when used in a misleading fashion can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy.The false statistics trap can be quite damaging to the quest for knowledge. For example, in medical science, correcting a falsehood may take decades and cost lives.Misuses can be easy to fall into. Professional scientists, even mathematicians and professional statisticians, can be fooled by even some simple methods, even if they are careful to check everything. Scientists have been known to fool themselves with statistics due to lack of knowledge of probability theory and lack of standardization of their tests.
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