Outline 8: History of the Universe and Solar System
... • (Note: Recent observations suggest this was the case for the first 2/3 of the Universe’s history. The expansion rate now seems to have increased for the last 1/3 of the Universe’s history. This is explained by “dark phantom energy”, which is hypothesized to be forming between galaxies and pushing ...
... • (Note: Recent observations suggest this was the case for the first 2/3 of the Universe’s history. The expansion rate now seems to have increased for the last 1/3 of the Universe’s history. This is explained by “dark phantom energy”, which is hypothesized to be forming between galaxies and pushing ...
Blank Jeopardy
... What stage in a star’s life cycle is the longest? (Have the most hydrogen and most energy?) ...
... What stage in a star’s life cycle is the longest? (Have the most hydrogen and most energy?) ...
handout
... C. The distance between two stars on the celestial sphere can only be given as the difference between the _____________________ in which we see the stars. i. Therefore, distances on the celestial sphere are measured as ______________ (degrees, arc minutes, arc _______________) IV. Apparent Motion o ...
... C. The distance between two stars on the celestial sphere can only be given as the difference between the _____________________ in which we see the stars. i. Therefore, distances on the celestial sphere are measured as ______________ (degrees, arc minutes, arc _______________) IV. Apparent Motion o ...
powerpoint - Physics @ IUPUI
... • Variable stars have a relationship between their period of pulsation and their absolute brightness. • The longer the period, the bigger the star is, and the brighter it is (sort of like a bigger bell has a larger period of vibration). • This allows us to measure distances (especially since these a ...
... • Variable stars have a relationship between their period of pulsation and their absolute brightness. • The longer the period, the bigger the star is, and the brighter it is (sort of like a bigger bell has a larger period of vibration). • This allows us to measure distances (especially since these a ...
Northam Sky July 2009
... able to see the bright Globular Cluster “M4” or Messier 4 ( pictured below with Antares). M4 is made up of about a million stars similar to but older than our sun packed tightly together. Named after the french comet hunter, Messier from the 1800's who cataloged most of the bright fuzzy objects that ...
... able to see the bright Globular Cluster “M4” or Messier 4 ( pictured below with Antares). M4 is made up of about a million stars similar to but older than our sun packed tightly together. Named after the french comet hunter, Messier from the 1800's who cataloged most of the bright fuzzy objects that ...
HR Diagram (Temperature Versus Absolute Magnitude)
... • This distance is one Astronomical Unit (AU) • Astronomical units can be used to measure distances within our solar systems ...
... • This distance is one Astronomical Unit (AU) • Astronomical units can be used to measure distances within our solar systems ...
Notes 1 - cloudfront.net
... wave lengths move the same as it reaches the eyes/ears things look bluer when you walk closer things look reder when you walk farther away hydrogen & helium make up most of the air billions of galaxies are moving farther away from Earth Andronmeda & our galaxy are slowly moving closer if a light giv ...
... wave lengths move the same as it reaches the eyes/ears things look bluer when you walk closer things look reder when you walk farther away hydrogen & helium make up most of the air billions of galaxies are moving farther away from Earth Andronmeda & our galaxy are slowly moving closer if a light giv ...
Astronomy 104: Homework Set 5 Due: Monday, March 16, 2015
... b) In a log-log plot like the one you produced, a straight light implies a power-law profile. Do the data for each of the density laws you plotted follow a straight line? c) Determine the slope of the line that best fits each of the two density profiles. Keeping in mind that the Bulge of our Galaxy ...
... b) In a log-log plot like the one you produced, a straight light implies a power-law profile. Do the data for each of the density laws you plotted follow a straight line? c) Determine the slope of the line that best fits each of the two density profiles. Keeping in mind that the Bulge of our Galaxy ...
Messier Galaxies of #202541
... Surface brightness plays a large role in galaxy observing. Published magnitude values are an important tool used to indicate how an object will look. However, when it is finally located, the object’s brightness may appear much differently than expected. One reason is that the integrated magnitude va ...
... Surface brightness plays a large role in galaxy observing. Published magnitude values are an important tool used to indicate how an object will look. However, when it is finally located, the object’s brightness may appear much differently than expected. One reason is that the integrated magnitude va ...
ASTR 1101-001 Spring 2008 - Louisiana State University
... catalogued by Greek astronomers as 6th magnitude stars. • Astronomers continue to use this “magnitude” system, extending it to much fainter objects (that are visible through telescopes but were not bright enough to be seen by Greek astronomers). • The Sun can also be put on this “magnitude” system. ...
... catalogued by Greek astronomers as 6th magnitude stars. • Astronomers continue to use this “magnitude” system, extending it to much fainter objects (that are visible through telescopes but were not bright enough to be seen by Greek astronomers). • The Sun can also be put on this “magnitude” system. ...
Distance Measures: Parallax
... different point of view. Because stars are SO far away, their parallaxes are most conveniently measured in seconds of arc (arc seconds). The angular size of your thumb held at arm’s length is about 1 degree. Imagine dividing your thumb vertically into 3600 slices. One of these slices would represent ...
... different point of view. Because stars are SO far away, their parallaxes are most conveniently measured in seconds of arc (arc seconds). The angular size of your thumb held at arm’s length is about 1 degree. Imagine dividing your thumb vertically into 3600 slices. One of these slices would represent ...
Distance Measures: Parallax
... different point of view. Because stars are SO far away, their parallaxes are most conveniently measured in seconds of arc (arc seconds). The angular size of your thumb held at arm’s length is about 1 degree. Imagine dividing your thumb vertically into 3600 slices. One of these slices would represent ...
... different point of view. Because stars are SO far away, their parallaxes are most conveniently measured in seconds of arc (arc seconds). The angular size of your thumb held at arm’s length is about 1 degree. Imagine dividing your thumb vertically into 3600 slices. One of these slices would represent ...
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagrams and Distance to Stars
... to the stars were unknown, one could not determine the intrinsic brightness of a star, but only its apparent brightness. As we’ve already said, a bright star that’s very far away would appear much fainter than a dim star that’s much closer. To overcome this problem, scientists began to look at stars ...
... to the stars were unknown, one could not determine the intrinsic brightness of a star, but only its apparent brightness. As we’ve already said, a bright star that’s very far away would appear much fainter than a dim star that’s much closer. To overcome this problem, scientists began to look at stars ...
No Slide Title
... Parallax: the apparent shift in the position of an object due to the movement of the observer. Remember looking at your finger through the left and then right eye? One parsec is the distance an object must be in order to have a parallax of one arc second. One parsec = 3.3 light years Alpha Centauri ...
... Parallax: the apparent shift in the position of an object due to the movement of the observer. Remember looking at your finger through the left and then right eye? One parsec is the distance an object must be in order to have a parallax of one arc second. One parsec = 3.3 light years Alpha Centauri ...
The Spatially-Resolved Scaling Law of Star Formation
... gravitation with the following statements: – Every mass attracts every other mass through the force of gravity. – If mass #1 exerts force on mass #2, and mass#2 exerts force on mass#1, the force must depend o both ...
... gravitation with the following statements: – Every mass attracts every other mass through the force of gravity. – If mass #1 exerts force on mass #2, and mass#2 exerts force on mass#1, the force must depend o both ...
Sample Exam 3
... D) the periods of Cepheid stars are too long to observe in distant galaxies. 24) The Hubble Space Telescope has been used to observe supernova type Ia in distant galaxies, to measure the distance using the brightness law—independent of the velocity redshift distance. The last supernova Ia in the Mil ...
... D) the periods of Cepheid stars are too long to observe in distant galaxies. 24) The Hubble Space Telescope has been used to observe supernova type Ia in distant galaxies, to measure the distance using the brightness law—independent of the velocity redshift distance. The last supernova Ia in the Mil ...
Lecture 1
... star (Star A), out to the Distant Stars. Which of the distant stars would appear closest to Star A in your night sky in January. Circle this distant star and label it Jan. Repeat Question 1 for July and label the distant star “July”. In the box below, the same distant stars are shown as you would se ...
... star (Star A), out to the Distant Stars. Which of the distant stars would appear closest to Star A in your night sky in January. Circle this distant star and label it Jan. Repeat Question 1 for July and label the distant star “July”. In the box below, the same distant stars are shown as you would se ...
To the Stars - LBlackwell
... The mass of the star adds to the black holes mass, increasing its size. The black hole in our galaxy has been pulling stars in for at least 7 billion years. Currently Milky Way's black hole has a mass equal to 3 million stars!! Dark Matter At least 90% of the universe may be filled with dark mat ...
... The mass of the star adds to the black holes mass, increasing its size. The black hole in our galaxy has been pulling stars in for at least 7 billion years. Currently Milky Way's black hole has a mass equal to 3 million stars!! Dark Matter At least 90% of the universe may be filled with dark mat ...
Why do the stars shine?
... is U(initial)-U(final), but U(initial)=0 since the cloud radius is so much larger than the final star. • Assume the Sun has shown at constant luminosity for t years. Total energy radiated = L0x t=4x1033 ergs/sec x t. • (We know today that main sequence stars do not change luminosity over the life of ...
... is U(initial)-U(final), but U(initial)=0 since the cloud radius is so much larger than the final star. • Assume the Sun has shown at constant luminosity for t years. Total energy radiated = L0x t=4x1033 ergs/sec x t. • (We know today that main sequence stars do not change luminosity over the life of ...
Stars and Their Characteristics
... gravitational pull • hydrogen is used up so gravity takes over, which then produces heat by contraction • entire star expands (Red Giant) • core temperature rises enough for helium to fuse into heavier elements, producing a carbon-oxygen core • surface gases are blown away, leaving core (white ...
... gravitational pull • hydrogen is used up so gravity takes over, which then produces heat by contraction • entire star expands (Red Giant) • core temperature rises enough for helium to fuse into heavier elements, producing a carbon-oxygen core • surface gases are blown away, leaving core (white ...
Hubblecast Episode 64: It All Ends with a Bang! — The incineration of
... launch. But Hubble’s images of the evolving supernova over the quarter of a century since then have become the gold standard for understanding this event. ...
... launch. But Hubble’s images of the evolving supernova over the quarter of a century since then have become the gold standard for understanding this event. ...
Extragalactic AO Science
... AO systems produce additional background in Near-IR and reduce throughput further making it difficult to observe faint extended sources. Normal galaxy disks only achieve a maximum SB of K~16 mag/sq arcsec and this fades as (1+z)4. This means all normal disks are fainter than 22.5 mag within 0.05x0.0 ...
... AO systems produce additional background in Near-IR and reduce throughput further making it difficult to observe faint extended sources. Normal galaxy disks only achieve a maximum SB of K~16 mag/sq arcsec and this fades as (1+z)4. This means all normal disks are fainter than 22.5 mag within 0.05x0.0 ...
Cosmic distance ladder
The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A real direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are ""close enough"" (within about a thousand parsecs) to Earth. The techniques for determining distances to more distant objects are all based on various measured correlations between methods that work at close distances and methods that work at larger distances. Several methods rely on a standard candle, which is an astronomical object that has a known luminosity.The ladder analogy arises because no one technique can measure distances at all ranges encountered in astronomy. Instead, one method can be used to measure nearby distances, a second can be used to measure nearby to intermediate distances, and so on. Each rung of the ladder provides information that can be used to determine the distances at the next higher rung.