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development
development

... • Cognitive development is also called intellectual development • Cognitive skills increase gradually over time • Connections between brain nerve cells is key to cognitive development ...
Levels and Dimensions of Discourse Analysis
Levels and Dimensions of Discourse Analysis

... along the precise delimitation of the levels and dimensions of the structural theories. They may involve complex cognitive strategies of processing information, online procedures, handling simultaneous levels and parallel information and so on. Other notions such as goals, plans, scripts, or cogniti ...
ConceptNet - Media Lab Login
ConceptNet - Media Lab Login

... Structured like WordNet, Relationally Rich like Cyc ...
The singularity and the Methuselarity: similarities and differences
The singularity and the Methuselarity: similarities and differences

... Even if we take into account the fact that aspirations track expectations, such that what really matters is to maintain a good rate of improvement of (objective) quality of life, it is hard to deny that the development of super-intelligent machines will be of astronomical benefit to our lives. But l ...


... worked with Allen Newell, a systems researcher with a mathematics background, and Cliff Shaw, an expert programmer, to create a new kind of computer program called Logic Theorist. Their multidisciplinary collaboration not only addressed the immediate concerns of the research project, but also opened ...
PPT 11
PPT 11

... for solving problems. These are often stored in the knowledge repository of a knowledge management system • Knowledge repository is the actual storage location of knowledge in a knowledge management system. Similar in nature to a database, but generally ...
Principles of Rule-Based Expert Systems
Principles of Rule-Based Expert Systems

... The key ideas have been developed within Artificial Intelligence (AI) over the last fifteen years, but in the last few years more and more applications of these ideas have been made. The purpose of this article is to familiarize readers with the architecture and construction of one important class o ...
Interaction of goal-directed and Pavlovian systems in aversive domains
Interaction of goal-directed and Pavlovian systems in aversive domains

... of pressing is maximal when S = S5 and it is inversely proportional to the distance from this value. Behaviors B represent the effective behavior executed by the efferent motor system and they can assume the same values as A: ”press” or ”no press”. Noteworthy, in this model B depends only on A. Envi ...
Kant`s Distinction Between Theoretical and Practical Knowledge
Kant`s Distinction Between Theoretical and Practical Knowledge

... differentiates practical from theoretical knowledge. 2. We will eventually return to this way of conceiving of the distinction, but first we should note that the idea that a mental representation might be both cognitive and desiderative may well seem problematic when considered in the light of a dis ...
Cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume covariance patterns of
Cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume covariance patterns of

... For instance, age-related GMV changes are associated with cognitive performance across multiple domains [Brickman et al., 2007; Gong et al., 2005; Kaup et al., 2011; Reuben et al., 2011; Salthouse, 2011; Schretlen et al., 2000; Taki et al., 2011; Zimmerman et al., 2006]. A recent review of the struc ...
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures

... Then, if you look at the aspect of determinism again environments can be divided into two or three types. Deterministic environments: In deterministic environments the next state of the environment is completely described by the current state and the agent’s action. When we looked at diagram of agen ...
Artificial Cognitive Systems
Artificial Cognitive Systems

... Unified Theory of Cognition David Vernon, Artificial Cognitive Systems – A Primer, MIT Press, 2014 ...
Human-computer interaction and sociological insight
Human-computer interaction and sociological insight

... the experimental group although there is a dip during task 3 when ConvoCons are no longer present. However, there is a sharp rise in affinity on the final (freeform) task and the experimental group ends with over 40% higher affinity. ..................................105 Table 7 Exit Survey results ...
Travel and Home: Conceiving Transnational Communities through
Travel and Home: Conceiving Transnational Communities through

... open series makes transformation possible for each discrete entity. The insistency of the middle point underscores the infinite ways in which discrete individuals can be related. Thus, an open series supports the idea of the postulate of betweenness by exposing the incompleteness of discrete individ ...
The complete study guide in PDF format.
The complete study guide in PDF format.

... complexities of our fellow humans?), but it can sometimes be difficult to sort out what is most important in reading the book and preparing for the tests. That is why we developed this study guide. Inside you will find one section for each of the seven units in the course. In each unit there are 20 ...
Adaptive dynamics with interaction structure
Adaptive dynamics with interaction structure

... collection of states with transition probabilities between them. (Deterministic and/or continuous-state models can be understood as special and/or limiting cases of Markov chain models.) In this terminology, the “state” by definition provides a full snapshot of the evolutionary process, containing al ...
Searching Social Networks
Searching Social Networks

... in and influencing dynamic social networks, where the agents act autonomously based on local knowledge. This paper studies strategies using which agents may search dynamic social networks. It evaluates the proposed approach empirically for a community of AI scientists (partially derived from bibliog ...
(IT) in Knowledge Management
(IT) in Knowledge Management

... discovery, determine meaningful relationships and rules Identify patterns in data (usually through neural networks and other data mining techniques) Forecast future results by using data/knowledge Provide advice directly from knowledge by using neural networks or expert systems Provide a natural lan ...
THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY (London: Oxford University
THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY (London: Oxford University

... thing as matter at all, and that the world consists of nothing but minds and their ideas. Hylas has hitherto believed in matter, but he is no match for Philonous, who mercilessly drives him into contradictions and paradoxes, and makes his own denial of matter seem, in the end, as if it were almost c ...
this article - International Journal of Mass Emergencies
this article - International Journal of Mass Emergencies

... Some social scientists, however, began to question whether the greater incidence of disasters since the 1970s could be attributed solely to a rising number of purely natural physical phenomena and to increasingly view society’s exposure to hazards in terms of its vulnerability. Proponents of vulnera ...
ppt - LaDiSpe - Politecnico di Torino
ppt - LaDiSpe - Politecnico di Torino

...  Embodiment is the way in which human (or any other animal) psychology arises from the brain & body physiology  Embodiment theory was introduced into AI by Rodney Brooks in the ‘80s. Brooks have claimed that all autonomous agents need to be both embodied and situated  The theory states that intel ...
A philosophical basis for knowledge acquisition
A philosophical basis for knowledge acquisition

... Dreyfus brothers (1988) who attack the whole artificial intelligence (AI) venture, or others such as Winograd and Flores (1987) who suggest that AI's real achievements will be somewhat different from the achievement of machine intelligence. The line of the Dreyfus attack is that since artificial int ...
1 - Philosophy and Predictive Processing
1 - Philosophy and Predictive Processing

... contrast, more recent approaches emphasize the constructive nature of perception, viewing it as an active and highly selective process. Indeed, there is ample evidence that the processing of stimuli is controlled by top-down influences that strongly shape the intrinsic dynamics of thalamocortical ne ...
The Evidence of the Senses
The Evidence of the Senses

... According to McDowell, the sceptic has overlooked the possibility that we have ‘direct perceptual access’ to environmental facts. And if we do have such access, then P1 is false: the warrant that perceptual experience provides is not ‘inconclusive’. Can’t the sceptic just grant the possibility of ‘d ...
A Computational Foundation for the Study of Cognition
A Computational Foundation for the Study of Cognition

... in a much more direct way the formal organization of such familiar computational objects as Turing machines, cellular automata, and the like. Finally, the CSA framework allows a unified account of the implementation conditions for both finite and infinite machines. This definition can straightforwar ...
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Enactivism

Enactivism argues that cognition arises through a dynamic interaction between an acting organism and its environment. It claims that our environment is one which we selectively create through our capacities to interact with the world. ""Organisms do not passively receive information from their environments, which they then translate into internal representations. Natural cognitive systems...participate in the generation of meaning ...engaging in transformational and not merely informational interactions: they enact a world."" These authors suggest that the increasing emphasis upon enactive terminology presages a new era in thinking about cognitive science. How the actions involved in enactivism relate to age-old questions about free will remains a topic of active debate.The term 'enactivism' is close in meaning to 'enaction', defined as ""the manner in which a subject of perception creatively matches its actions to the requirements of its situation"". The introduction of the term enaction in this context is attributed to Francisco Varela, Evan Thompson, and Eleanor Rosch, who proposed the name to ""emphasize the growing conviction that cognition is not the representation of a pre-given world by a pre-given mind but is rather the enactment of a world and a mind on the basis of a history of the variety of actions that a being in the world performs"". This was further developed by Thompson and others, to place emphasis upon the idea that experience of the world is a result of mutual interaction between the sensorimotor capacities of the organism and its environment.The initial emphasis of enactivism upon sensorimotor skills has been criticized as ""cognitively marginal"", but it has been extended to apply to higher level cognitive activities, such as social interactions. ""In the enactive view,... knowledge is constructed: it is constructed by an agent through its sensorimotor interactions with its environment, co-constructed between and within living species through their meaningful interaction with each other. In its most abstract form, knowledge is co-constructed between human individuals in socio-linguistic interactions...Science is a particular form of social knowledge construction...[that] allows us to perceive and predict events beyond our immediate cognitive grasp...and also to construct further, even more powerful scientific knowledge.""Enactivism is closely related to situated cognition and embodied cognition, and is presented as an alternative to cognitivism, computationalism, and Cartesian dualism.
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