The Mirror System, Imitation, and the Evolution of Language
... F5 rather than by visual inputs so that AIP can monitor ongoing activity as well as visual affordances. Here we indicate the case in which the visual input has activated an affordance for a precision pinch, and we here show the AIP activity driving an F5 cell pool that controls the execution of a pr ...
... F5 rather than by visual inputs so that AIP can monitor ongoing activity as well as visual affordances. Here we indicate the case in which the visual input has activated an affordance for a precision pinch, and we here show the AIP activity driving an F5 cell pool that controls the execution of a pr ...
Mirror Neurons Responding to Observation of Actions Made with
... pliers. The neuron discharged when the experimenter grasped and broke a peanut, held on his hand, using a pair of pliers (A). The response occurred during both grasping and breaking phases. The same grasping and breaking actions performed by the experimenter with his hand were much less effective (B ...
... pliers. The neuron discharged when the experimenter grasped and broke a peanut, held on his hand, using a pair of pliers (A). The response occurred during both grasping and breaking phases. The same grasping and breaking actions performed by the experimenter with his hand were much less effective (B ...
action potential presen - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
... Multiple cells provide input Input is received in different areas Input is summated to create a larger potential ...
... Multiple cells provide input Input is received in different areas Input is summated to create a larger potential ...
Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Action Processing
... responses from view-variant ones with selectivity for different views. However, given that mirror neurons by definition have well-defined motor tuning properties, and thus are motor neurons, this explanation captures only a part of their possible computational role. It seems likely that such neurons ...
... responses from view-variant ones with selectivity for different views. However, given that mirror neurons by definition have well-defined motor tuning properties, and thus are motor neurons, this explanation captures only a part of their possible computational role. It seems likely that such neurons ...
Application of the NOK method in sentence modelling
... can be displayed by using nodes and links between them. From the resulting model, without access to the original text, answers to asked questions can be obtained. The applicability of NOK method will be shown in Croatian and English language on the example of the same Aesop's1 fable „Zlatna jaja u k ...
... can be displayed by using nodes and links between them. From the resulting model, without access to the original text, answers to asked questions can be obtained. The applicability of NOK method will be shown in Croatian and English language on the example of the same Aesop's1 fable „Zlatna jaja u k ...
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... viewer-centered) and how the organism may interact with those objects was further examined by reference to neurons in the STS which are selective for the sight of particular reaching actions (e.g. Perrett et al., 1989). In particular, examples of cells selectively responsive to moving towards a door ...
... viewer-centered) and how the organism may interact with those objects was further examined by reference to neurons in the STS which are selective for the sight of particular reaching actions (e.g. Perrett et al., 1989). In particular, examples of cells selectively responsive to moving towards a door ...
doc - physiologicalcomputing.org
... The second system related to the ToM is the mirror neuron system (MNS), which coactivates actions, intention and emotions of both the self and others (Mahy et al., 2014; Molnar-Szakacs & Uddin, 2013; Spreng et al., 2013) and includes: inferior frontal gyrus, premotor cortex, anterior insula, primary ...
... The second system related to the ToM is the mirror neuron system (MNS), which coactivates actions, intention and emotions of both the self and others (Mahy et al., 2014; Molnar-Szakacs & Uddin, 2013; Spreng et al., 2013) and includes: inferior frontal gyrus, premotor cortex, anterior insula, primary ...
Earthworm Action Potentials
... the small nerves do not run over extended distances, their activity is not recorded. Whereas, an action potential recorded intracellularly typically has an amplitude of 80–100 mV, the inside of the cell being negative to the extracellular fluid, extracellular electrodes do not have access to this po ...
... the small nerves do not run over extended distances, their activity is not recorded. Whereas, an action potential recorded intracellularly typically has an amplitude of 80–100 mV, the inside of the cell being negative to the extracellular fluid, extracellular electrodes do not have access to this po ...
Motor areas of the frontal lobe by Jarrod Blinch
... [email protected] “If our brains were simple enough for us to understand them, we'd be so simple that we couldn't.” ― Ian Stewart As a motor control researcher in cognitive psychology, I use a behavioural approach to study how humans produce movements. Specifically, I record the intricacie ...
... [email protected] “If our brains were simple enough for us to understand them, we'd be so simple that we couldn't.” ― Ian Stewart As a motor control researcher in cognitive psychology, I use a behavioural approach to study how humans produce movements. Specifically, I record the intricacie ...
BIOL 218 F 2012 MTX 4 Q NS 121121
... A) providing sensory information to the CNS only. B) making higher order decisions to interpret sensory inputs. C) carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems only. D) carrying information up and down the spinal cord. E) providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor c ...
... A) providing sensory information to the CNS only. B) making higher order decisions to interpret sensory inputs. C) carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems only. D) carrying information up and down the spinal cord. E) providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor c ...
The relationship between the activity of neurons recorded
... Accurate decoding of the neural activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) could be very useful for brain machine interface applications such as computer displays or prosthetic limbs. In this study we examined information coding in M1 neurons to elucidate the relationship between the activity of M1 n ...
... Accurate decoding of the neural activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) could be very useful for brain machine interface applications such as computer displays or prosthetic limbs. In this study we examined information coding in M1 neurons to elucidate the relationship between the activity of M1 n ...
Specific Visual Transfer in Word Identification
... laboratory, one has to assume that the representation of word shape is abstract enough to allow its use across at least superficial visual details such as minor variations in the size and spacing of print. Results from transfer experiments, in contrast, might reveal effects that are more specific to ...
... laboratory, one has to assume that the representation of word shape is abstract enough to allow its use across at least superficial visual details such as minor variations in the size and spacing of print. Results from transfer experiments, in contrast, might reveal effects that are more specific to ...
Action recognition in the premotor cortex
... 'grasping' mirror neurons. Some grasping mirror neurons stopped firing almost immediately as the hand grabbed the object, others continued to discharge for a while after the end of the action. An example of a grasping mirror neuron is shown in Fig. 1. Each trial started with the stimulus presentatio ...
... 'grasping' mirror neurons. Some grasping mirror neurons stopped firing almost immediately as the hand grabbed the object, others continued to discharge for a while after the end of the action. An example of a grasping mirror neuron is shown in Fig. 1. Each trial started with the stimulus presentatio ...
simple cyclic movements as a distinct autism
... • inappropriate behavior, including laughing and giggling, • preference to be alone, difficulty in social interactions with other children. Our “deep attractor” hypothesis [8, 7] has focused on attention deficits caused by strong synchronization of local neural networks due to dysfunction of leaky chan ...
... • inappropriate behavior, including laughing and giggling, • preference to be alone, difficulty in social interactions with other children. Our “deep attractor” hypothesis [8, 7] has focused on attention deficits caused by strong synchronization of local neural networks due to dysfunction of leaky chan ...
From format to function: Embodiment and the functional roles of
... this section, we briefly review a sample of prominent studies in this area. We then discuss evidence against—and general skepticism about—the view that language comprehension relies on modal semantic representations. 3.1 Engagement of modal neural systems during language processing A broad range of ...
... this section, we briefly review a sample of prominent studies in this area. We then discuss evidence against—and general skepticism about—the view that language comprehension relies on modal semantic representations. 3.1 Engagement of modal neural systems during language processing A broad range of ...
A Double Dissociation Between the Meanings of Action Verbs and
... Kemmerer and Tranel, 2000a; Froud, 2001; Kemmerer, submitted; Tranel and Kemmerer, submitted). Furthermore, an fMRI study found activation in the parietal lobes bilaterally when subjects read sentences containing locative prepositions (Carpenter et al., 1999). It is also noteworthy that the left inf ...
... Kemmerer and Tranel, 2000a; Froud, 2001; Kemmerer, submitted; Tranel and Kemmerer, submitted). Furthermore, an fMRI study found activation in the parietal lobes bilaterally when subjects read sentences containing locative prepositions (Carpenter et al., 1999). It is also noteworthy that the left inf ...
to receive a reprint - Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences
... This level of characterization is particularly appropriate for evaluating the response of an adaptive system to task demands, and it may provide new insight into the nature of individual differences at the network level. Research on individual differences in sentence comprehension has found that fun ...
... This level of characterization is particularly appropriate for evaluating the response of an adaptive system to task demands, and it may provide new insight into the nature of individual differences at the network level. Research on individual differences in sentence comprehension has found that fun ...
Imitation, Empathy, and Mirror Neurons
... actions, such as reaching and grasping, during which we can observe our own arm and hand reach and grasp for objects surrounding us. Also, mirrors and other reflecting surfaces allow the observation of one’s own facial and body movement as if they were performed by somebody else. Furthermore, early i ...
... actions, such as reaching and grasping, during which we can observe our own arm and hand reach and grasp for objects surrounding us. Also, mirrors and other reflecting surfaces allow the observation of one’s own facial and body movement as if they were performed by somebody else. Furthermore, early i ...
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... • Complex ______________________ _________________ Temporal lobe association areas • Interpret complex _________________ ___________________ • Store memories of _______________ ____________, _____________, and complex patterns Parietal lobe association areas • Understanding ___________________ • Cho ...
... • Complex ______________________ _________________ Temporal lobe association areas • Interpret complex _________________ ___________________ • Store memories of _______________ ____________, _____________, and complex patterns Parietal lobe association areas • Understanding ___________________ • Cho ...
an influence of syntactic and semantic variables on word form retrieval
... metrical and suprasegmental information. In our example, the word form /táIg@r/, associated to the entry for “tiger” is retrieved. The word form is used to construct a detailed phonological plan to be executed by the articulatory system. In the General Discussion, we examine in more details how this ...
... metrical and suprasegmental information. In our example, the word form /táIg@r/, associated to the entry for “tiger” is retrieved. The word form is used to construct a detailed phonological plan to be executed by the articulatory system. In the General Discussion, we examine in more details how this ...
Children`s understanding of the agent
... There are of course other cues in addition to word order and animacy contrast to help listeners identify the agent-patient relations in these three languages. For instance, one can make use of the English case-marked pronouns such as I (the subject pronoun) versus me (the object pronoun) to identify ...
... There are of course other cues in addition to word order and animacy contrast to help listeners identify the agent-patient relations in these three languages. For instance, one can make use of the English case-marked pronouns such as I (the subject pronoun) versus me (the object pronoun) to identify ...
Slide 1
... • At the highest level of organization, the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The function of the central nervous system is to process incoming information, and send commands to the rest of the body. Unlike the peripheral nervous system, th ...
... • At the highest level of organization, the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The function of the central nervous system is to process incoming information, and send commands to the rest of the body. Unlike the peripheral nervous system, th ...
Multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation and Entity Linking for
... candidate meanings (substring matching instead of exact matching) coupled with a densest subgraph heuristic which selects high-coherence semantic interpretations. Here we briefly describe its three main steps: 1. Each vertex, i.e., either concept or named entity, is automatically associated with a s ...
... candidate meanings (substring matching instead of exact matching) coupled with a densest subgraph heuristic which selects high-coherence semantic interpretations. Here we briefly describe its three main steps: 1. Each vertex, i.e., either concept or named entity, is automatically associated with a s ...
neural control of respiration
... also descend in the spinal cord to the motor neurons controlling respiratory muscles, but they travel along nerve tracts lying in the lateral and ventral parts of the cord, separate from the corticospinal tracts. In general, motor neurons to expiratory muscles are inhibited during inspiration and vi ...
... also descend in the spinal cord to the motor neurons controlling respiratory muscles, but they travel along nerve tracts lying in the lateral and ventral parts of the cord, separate from the corticospinal tracts. In general, motor neurons to expiratory muscles are inhibited during inspiration and vi ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 32.1 Eye movements that stabilize
... cerebral cortex via the pontine nuclei to the cerebellum (CBLM), which then modulates activity in nuclei associated with the VOR—namely, the vestibular nuclei (VN) and nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH)—and also modulates activity in nuclei associated with saccades, such as the paramedian pontine r ...
... cerebral cortex via the pontine nuclei to the cerebellum (CBLM), which then modulates activity in nuclei associated with the VOR—namely, the vestibular nuclei (VN) and nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH)—and also modulates activity in nuclei associated with saccades, such as the paramedian pontine r ...