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University of Groningen Ascending projections from spinal
University of Groningen Ascending projections from spinal

... General Introduction ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord

... Pathway Conventions • Related to whole brain through “sections” – gross, histological, imaging • Related to fiber bundles (fasciculi; i.e., lateral columns, internal capsule, corpus callosum) • Related to nuclei, ganglia, areas, layers • Related to transmitters and effects: excitatory, inhibitory, ...
Energy and Epigenetics: Quantum Cell Theory, Life as a
Energy and Epigenetics: Quantum Cell Theory, Life as a

... remember the day I wrote it in 2007 like it was yesterday. I would strongly recommend clicking and reading every hyperlink in this blog. It will help you understand things more fully. In this blog, you will see how light, water and the electromagnetic field form a Superconducting Quantum Interferenc ...
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Affective neuroscience: the emergence of a discipline
Affective neuroscience: the emergence of a discipline

... o f physiological measures and biological probes), and studies o f human neuropathology and psychopathology. As research progresses in this area, it is clear that the study o f emotion, just like cognition, will require a dissection o f emotional processes into more elementary mental operations, suc ...
Mutations affecting the development of the embryonic zebrafish brain
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... Whole-mount in situ hybridization was performed with digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes (Oxtoby and Jowett, 1993). Expression patterns were documented after clearing in benzylbenzoate/benzyl alcohol (2:1) and mounting in Permount (Fischer Scientific). The following probes have been used: krox-20 (Oxtoby ...
Alterations in white matter fractional anisotropy in subsyndromal perimenopausal depression Open Access
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... electrodes remain incapable of reliably targeting specific cell types (e.g. excitatory or inhibitory neurons) within neural tissue. This obstacle has major scientific and clinical implications. For example, there is intense debate among physicians, neuroengineers and neuroscientists regarding the re ...
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Impact of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase
Impact of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase

... function of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase, in relation to dendrite morphogenesis has been elaborated. Mirror neuron system dysfunction may underlie a self-other matching impairment which has been suggested to account for autism. The hypotheses of deficit an impaired mirror neuron function in ...
the iterative reprocessing model
the iterative reprocessing model

... with finer stimulus detail, the context, and/or current goals. Information is continually passed back from relatively higher–order to relatively lower–order processes and the evaluation is recalculated. This “reseeding” of information allows for the foregrounding of relevant (and backgrounding of ir ...
- Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Association
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... which a patient can maintain coordinated eye aiming. A normal range of fixation disparity is achieved by a two-speed mechanism [19]. There is a faster response to retinal image disparity and then a slower response for binocular alignment. The timing and balance of this sequencing is dependent on reti ...
Large brains and cognition: Where do elephants fit in?
Large brains and cognition: Where do elephants fit in?

... neurobiological studies on the anatomy and cytoarchitecture of the brains of elephants and large-brained primates, introducing the perspective that elephants differ from primates in the way in which cerebral cortical neurons interact (Hart and Hart, 2007). This perspective suggests that while the el ...
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Cognitive neuroscience



Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.
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