Strasbourg, 15 April 1996 - Neurobiology and Developmental
... Title: “Novel treatment for smoking dependence and relapse”. The goal of this study is to determine how repetitive trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) alters the effects of chronic exposure to cigarette smoke on the rat P13 potential. Recently submitted grants 1. Pilot study Center for Transla ...
... Title: “Novel treatment for smoking dependence and relapse”. The goal of this study is to determine how repetitive trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) alters the effects of chronic exposure to cigarette smoke on the rat P13 potential. Recently submitted grants 1. Pilot study Center for Transla ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... experiments in the somatosensory system. Thus, "Are other sensory and motor systems capable of reorganization?" Recent experiments on the motor, visual and auditory systems suggest that the capacity to rcorganizc characterizes all central representations and maybe a general feature of brain tissue. ...
... experiments in the somatosensory system. Thus, "Are other sensory and motor systems capable of reorganization?" Recent experiments on the motor, visual and auditory systems suggest that the capacity to rcorganizc characterizes all central representations and maybe a general feature of brain tissue. ...
A reinforcement learning model of joy, distress, hope and fear.
... (Bryson, 2007; Prescott, Bryson, & Seth, 2007). Specific brain mechanisms have been identified to be responsible for, or at the very least involved in, this process (Bogacz & Gurney, 2007; Houk et al., 2007). An important signal that influences action selection in humans is how alternative actions f ...
... (Bryson, 2007; Prescott, Bryson, & Seth, 2007). Specific brain mechanisms have been identified to be responsible for, or at the very least involved in, this process (Bogacz & Gurney, 2007; Houk et al., 2007). An important signal that influences action selection in humans is how alternative actions f ...
Binding Mechanisms in Visual Perception
... characters of the perceptual objects (Alais et al, 1998). These local features will be processed in the primary visual cortex (A17) within the same vertical column (Singer and Gray, 1995; Eckhorn et al 1988), and cohere elements will bound to generate more complex patterns. Many neural physiological ...
... characters of the perceptual objects (Alais et al, 1998). These local features will be processed in the primary visual cortex (A17) within the same vertical column (Singer and Gray, 1995; Eckhorn et al 1988), and cohere elements will bound to generate more complex patterns. Many neural physiological ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... Individuals with dyslexia have also reduced neural responses to speech sounds during passive exposure (Kraus et al. 1996; Kujala et al. 2000; Schulte-Körne et al. 2001) and during phoneme discrimination tasks (Flowers et al. 1991; Rumsey et al. 1992, 1997; Temple et al. 2000, 2001, 2003). Dyslexia d ...
... Individuals with dyslexia have also reduced neural responses to speech sounds during passive exposure (Kraus et al. 1996; Kujala et al. 2000; Schulte-Körne et al. 2001) and during phoneme discrimination tasks (Flowers et al. 1991; Rumsey et al. 1992, 1997; Temple et al. 2000, 2001, 2003). Dyslexia d ...
Computational physics: Neural networks
... neuron and the synaptic process itself is only partial and much remains to be discovered. Nevertheless, it is interesting to see what emergent behavior arises in a network of very simple neurons. In section 2.1 we briefly present some empirical evidence of the stochastic nature of neural firing. In ...
... neuron and the synaptic process itself is only partial and much remains to be discovered. Nevertheless, it is interesting to see what emergent behavior arises in a network of very simple neurons. In section 2.1 we briefly present some empirical evidence of the stochastic nature of neural firing. In ...
OLED_Optogenetics_abstract_v3_wo_links
... and the plugin MtrackJ. From those positions, we calculated the distance between head and tail, which indicates whether the larva is relaxed or contracted. OLED illumination timing was tracked from the videos as well. As an example, Figure 3b shows head-tail distance traces for two OLED power densit ...
... and the plugin MtrackJ. From those positions, we calculated the distance between head and tail, which indicates whether the larva is relaxed or contracted. OLED illumination timing was tracked from the videos as well. As an example, Figure 3b shows head-tail distance traces for two OLED power densit ...
Wernicke`s area homologue in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and
... for homologues of areas implicated in human language and speech production (e.g. Gannon et al. 1998; Cantalupo & Hopkins 2001; Hopkins 2007). Wernicke’s area is located in the temporoparietal junction, encompassing the planum temporale of the posterior superior temporal lobe. Although a network of a ...
... for homologues of areas implicated in human language and speech production (e.g. Gannon et al. 1998; Cantalupo & Hopkins 2001; Hopkins 2007). Wernicke’s area is located in the temporoparietal junction, encompassing the planum temporale of the posterior superior temporal lobe. Although a network of a ...
Axonal conduction properties of antidromically identified neurons in
... Physiological studies of the rodent somatosensory cortex have consistently described considerable heterogeneity in receptive field properties of neurons outside of layer IV, particularly those in layers V and VI. One such approach for distinguishing among different local circuits in these layers may ...
... Physiological studies of the rodent somatosensory cortex have consistently described considerable heterogeneity in receptive field properties of neurons outside of layer IV, particularly those in layers V and VI. One such approach for distinguishing among different local circuits in these layers may ...
The Role of Emotion in Environmental Decision Making
... This is consistent with humans’ propensity to act in a way that benefits the self over others. In social psychology, this is known as a social dilemma (Van Vugt, 2002). While individuals may not intentionally act against a group’s interest, when many individuals behave in the same way, this results ...
... This is consistent with humans’ propensity to act in a way that benefits the self over others. In social psychology, this is known as a social dilemma (Van Vugt, 2002). While individuals may not intentionally act against a group’s interest, when many individuals behave in the same way, this results ...
Basal ganglia discharge abnormalities in Parkinson`s disease
... the firing properties of basal ganglia cells in parkinsonism are changes in the synchrony of firing between neighboring neurons. Under physiologic conditions, the firing of neighboring basal ganglia neurons is largely uncorrelated (Bergman et al., 1994; Wilson et al., 2004). In the dopamine-depleted st ...
... the firing properties of basal ganglia cells in parkinsonism are changes in the synchrony of firing between neighboring neurons. Under physiologic conditions, the firing of neighboring basal ganglia neurons is largely uncorrelated (Bergman et al., 1994; Wilson et al., 2004). In the dopamine-depleted st ...
a review with emphasis on the projections of specific thalamic nuclei
... DeAmicisZo”), and thus deafferentation might not significantly influence the interpretation of studies using the method of retrograde cell degeneration. There are, however, a number of difficulties which should be kept in mind when considering the results of retrograde degeneration studies. One of t ...
... DeAmicisZo”), and thus deafferentation might not significantly influence the interpretation of studies using the method of retrograde cell degeneration. There are, however, a number of difficulties which should be kept in mind when considering the results of retrograde degeneration studies. One of t ...
Behaviorism: the view that psychology should be an objective
... Learning: the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors Habituation: an organism’s decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it Associative learning: learning that certain events occur together. This may be two stimuli as in classical conditioning fo ...
... Learning: the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors Habituation: an organism’s decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it Associative learning: learning that certain events occur together. This may be two stimuli as in classical conditioning fo ...
Full-Text PDF
... into motor movements, precise timing, bimanual coordination and rapid auditory processing skills. These specialist skills are developed through a considerable volume of practice and training, which normally commences in early childhood. The large body of training musicians undergo has led to the sug ...
... into motor movements, precise timing, bimanual coordination and rapid auditory processing skills. These specialist skills are developed through a considerable volume of practice and training, which normally commences in early childhood. The large body of training musicians undergo has led to the sug ...
Neurotransmitters
... to warrant action. If the threshold is reached, an action potential will occur. For example, how hot does a stove have to be for a person to pull away. When you have reached that level of uncomfortable temperature, then you have reached the threshold. ...
... to warrant action. If the threshold is reached, an action potential will occur. For example, how hot does a stove have to be for a person to pull away. When you have reached that level of uncomfortable temperature, then you have reached the threshold. ...
Neuropsychologia Hippocampal activation during episodic and
... compared yes/no recognition for autobiographical events and public events and found hippocampal activation during both semantic and episodic retrieval, although the level of activation was greater for episodic events. Duzel et al. (1999) also matched conditions carefully in a 2 × 2 design crossing s ...
... compared yes/no recognition for autobiographical events and public events and found hippocampal activation during both semantic and episodic retrieval, although the level of activation was greater for episodic events. Duzel et al. (1999) also matched conditions carefully in a 2 × 2 design crossing s ...
Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning induces tolerance against brain
... At 24 h after ischemia–reperfusion injury, activity of SOD in the penumbra and hippocampus in HBO-PC + MCAO group were higher than that of MCAO group (162.55± 14.44 vs. 124.47 ± 13.86 for penumbra; 146.75 ± 11.48 vs. 105.29 ± 10.55 for the hippocampus, P < 0.01, Fig. 4), so was activity of CAT (22.4 ...
... At 24 h after ischemia–reperfusion injury, activity of SOD in the penumbra and hippocampus in HBO-PC + MCAO group were higher than that of MCAO group (162.55± 14.44 vs. 124.47 ± 13.86 for penumbra; 146.75 ± 11.48 vs. 105.29 ± 10.55 for the hippocampus, P < 0.01, Fig. 4), so was activity of CAT (22.4 ...
Reconstruction of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway in the adult
... Keywords: axon growth, cell transplantation, functional recovery, green fluorescent protein, Parkinson’s disease, regeneration ...
... Keywords: axon growth, cell transplantation, functional recovery, green fluorescent protein, Parkinson’s disease, regeneration ...
Time Is Brain—Quantified
... space regardless of their size, shape, or orientation in tissue.20 The total number of neurons in the average human brain is ⬇130 billion. However, cerebellar granular cells contribute disproportionately to this sum. There are 21.5 billion (CV 0.19) neurons in the typical human neocortex and no less ...
... space regardless of their size, shape, or orientation in tissue.20 The total number of neurons in the average human brain is ⬇130 billion. However, cerebellar granular cells contribute disproportionately to this sum. There are 21.5 billion (CV 0.19) neurons in the typical human neocortex and no less ...
Transcripts/2_4 1
... accessory optic system) can mediate some reflexive behaviors. Sometimes if you do it right, people can do some very simple visually guided tasks like say when they think a light is flashing, but it is in the absence of conscious perception. c. The bottom line is: if you take out the LGN-cortical sys ...
... accessory optic system) can mediate some reflexive behaviors. Sometimes if you do it right, people can do some very simple visually guided tasks like say when they think a light is flashing, but it is in the absence of conscious perception. c. The bottom line is: if you take out the LGN-cortical sys ...
Physiology of Ejaculation
... on primates or dogs that have prostates with more comparable anatomy. However, the results still provide a foundation for the elucidation of human supraspinal activity during ejaculation. Neuronal mapping studies in rats have used Fos protein, a marker of neuronal activation, to determine expression ...
... on primates or dogs that have prostates with more comparable anatomy. However, the results still provide a foundation for the elucidation of human supraspinal activity during ejaculation. Neuronal mapping studies in rats have used Fos protein, a marker of neuronal activation, to determine expression ...
Table of Contents
... The brain is more “plastic” or malleable than widely assumed – Aspects of experience can sculpt features of brain structure – Damage to incoming sensory pathways or tissue can lead to neural reorganization ...
... The brain is more “plastic” or malleable than widely assumed – Aspects of experience can sculpt features of brain structure – Damage to incoming sensory pathways or tissue can lead to neural reorganization ...
How the body controls brain temperature: the temperature shielding
... largely depends on maintaining brain temperature. However, the mechanisms protecting brain against a cooler environment are poorly understood. Reported herein is the first detailed measurement of the brain-temperature profile. It is found to be exponential, defined by a characteristic temperature sh ...
... largely depends on maintaining brain temperature. However, the mechanisms protecting brain against a cooler environment are poorly understood. Reported herein is the first detailed measurement of the brain-temperature profile. It is found to be exponential, defined by a characteristic temperature sh ...
Introduction to Psychology - MCS4Kids
... • In 1925, Mary Cover Jones (a colleague of Watson) hypothesized that she would be able to decondition a three-year-old boy named Peter from some of his fears, which included feathers, cotton, frogs, fish, rats, rabbits, and mechanical toys. She began by bringing a caged rabbit into the same room wh ...
... • In 1925, Mary Cover Jones (a colleague of Watson) hypothesized that she would be able to decondition a three-year-old boy named Peter from some of his fears, which included feathers, cotton, frogs, fish, rats, rabbits, and mechanical toys. She began by bringing a caged rabbit into the same room wh ...
Chap 8 Slides learning
... • In 1925, Mary Cover Jones (a colleague of Watson) hypothesized that she would be able to decondition a three-year-old boy named Peter from some of his fears, which included feathers, cotton, frogs, fish, rats, rabbits, and mechanical toys. She began by bringing a caged rabbit into the same room wh ...
... • In 1925, Mary Cover Jones (a colleague of Watson) hypothesized that she would be able to decondition a three-year-old boy named Peter from some of his fears, which included feathers, cotton, frogs, fish, rats, rabbits, and mechanical toys. She began by bringing a caged rabbit into the same room wh ...