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States of consciousness
States of consciousness

... When you smoke often your stress and tension levels actually increases and experience withdrawal symptoms after a short period ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... When you learn things, messages travel from one neuron to another, over and over. Then the brain creates connections (or pathways) between the neurons, so things become easier and you can do them better and better. In young children, the brain is highly adaptable. In fact, when one part of a young c ...
Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral
Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral

... The rich variation in cytoarchitectonics of the human cortex is well known to play an important role in the differentiation of cortical information processing, with functional multimodal areas noted to display more branched, more spinous, and an overall more complex cytoarchitecture. In parallel, co ...
A Test to Assess the Auditory Brainstem Response to Speech
A Test to Assess the Auditory Brainstem Response to Speech

... • Studies at the Northwestern University Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory on children from 8-12 years of age have shown that the BioMARK response is abnormal in approximately 30% of children who have been diagnosed with various learning problems1 ...
Morality_and_Evolution
Morality_and_Evolution

... “… dissecting moral intuitions is no small matter. If morality is a mere trick of the brain, some may fear, our very grounds for being moral could be eroded. Yet as we shall see, the science of the moral sense can instead be seen as a way to strengthen those grounds, by clarifying what morality is a ...
Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance
Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance

... system plays a more complex and specific role in the control of behavior than investigators previously thought. We review neurophysiological and modeling studies in monkey that support a new theory of LC-NE function. LC neurons exhibit two modes of activity, phasic and tonic. Phasic LC activation is ...
BN16 Neural plasticity
BN16 Neural plasticity

... Cerebellum: Anatomy Folia & lobules  analogous gyri & lobes  Vermis - along midline  output  ventromedial pathway  Hemispheres  output  lateral pathway  Deep cerebellar nuclei  fastigial, interposed, & dentate  Major output structures ~ ...
Emotion in the perspective of an integrated nervous system 1
Emotion in the perspective of an integrated nervous system 1

... The terms emotion and feeling are usually used interchangeably but I have suggested that they should not be. From a research perspective it is advantageous to use separate terms to designate separable components of this enchained process. The term emotion should be rightfully used to designate a col ...


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PowerLecture: Chapter 13
PowerLecture: Chapter 13

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Ariel Sarver - the IDeA Lab!

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Jeopardy midterm review AP psy

... His principle was that behavior followed by favorable consequences becomes more likely. ...
THE SENSORIMOTOR SYSTEM (p.l) 1. Introduction Like the
THE SENSORIMOTOR SYSTEM (p.l) 1. Introduction Like the

... Like the sensory systems, the motor systems are: hierarchical, are guided by sensory (especially somatosensory) feedback, and are changed by the amount of prior practice/learning note: Ballistic movements (fast, brief, well-practiced) do not require sensory feedback (e.g. swatting a fly) note: much ...
The endocrine system
The endocrine system

... Endocrine System: Very slow, some messages stay longer a. HORMONES: Literally means: “to activate” they move through the bloodstream, they have specific structure or shape for each specific hormone. b. GLANDS: Produce hormones *** EVERYTHING works TOGETHER with the brain *** All glands and chemicals ...
Power of Music
Power of Music

... autism are given two different rhythmic instruments and allowed to choose two simple songs they wish to hear The songs are each associated with one of the instruments, and the children are told to play one of the rhythmic instruments when they hear one song (either sung or played on an instrument) a ...
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2806nn1

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A neurobiological mapping of theory of mind
A neurobiological mapping of theory of mind

... symbolic theory along the lines of folk psychology, with axioms and rules of inference, from which we may deduce what others know and want [47]. In contrast, proponents of ST contend that we mentally simulate others’ thought processes and feelings, using our own mental state as a model of theirs [53 ...
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Functional Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Aspects of Basal Ganglia
Functional Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Aspects of Basal Ganglia

... The cerebral cortex is linked to the striatum via cortico-subcortical pathways, from where information is transmitted to the globus pallidus pars internalis or the substantia nigra pars reticulata (which physiologically and anatomically constitute one structure) or via the ventral globus pallidus re ...
Neuroscience 5b – Nociception
Neuroscience 5b – Nociception

... collateral branches, it is then perceived emotionally as pain  The affective or secondary pain pathway is shown on the right  The dotted line arrow shows it going on to SI and the thalamus, the collateral branch to the cingulated cortex is part of the limbic system – giving emotion and fitting in ...
Basic Learning Processes in Infancy and Childhood - Nam
Basic Learning Processes in Infancy and Childhood - Nam

... What evidence exists to show that infants recognize the correlation between visual and auditory information as well as visual and tactile cues? • Even as newborns, babies who have just previously held an object by grasping it in their hand can recognize its shape by sight alone; • They do not recog ...
Conditioned
Conditioned

... Use operant techniques to make her room once a week Include 1 + & - punisher/reinforcer (4 total) Note whether they are primary or secondary & intrinsic or extrinsic ...
Report 2
Report 2

... demonstrated, the low temporal resolution of haemodynamic imaging makes it impossible to decide between two interpretations of this finding: One possibility is that the activation of specific action-related networks directly reflects action word recognition and comprehension, as the somatotopy-of-ac ...
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learning

... shocks in next task. • Dogs with no control in 1st task did not try to escape in next task. ...
On-center off surround ganglion cells
On-center off surround ganglion cells

... The camera doesn’t really do anything with this image and doesn’t have any knowledge about what is stored in the image ...
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Neuroeconomics

Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to explain human decision making, the ability to process multiple alternatives and to follow a course of action. It studies how economic behavior can shape our understanding of the brain, and how neuroscientific discoveries can constrain and guide models of economics.It combines research methods from neuroscience, experimental and behavioral economics, and cognitive and social psychology. As research into decision-making behavior becomes increasingly computational, it has also incorporated new approaches from theoretical biology, computer science, and mathematics. Neuroeconomics studies decision making, by using a combination of tools from these fields so as to avoid the shortcomings that arise from a single-perspective approach. In mainstream economics, expected utility (EU), and the concept of rational agents, are still being used. Many economic behaviors are not fully explained by these models, such as heuristics and framing.Behavioral economics emerged to account for these anomalies by integrating social, cognitive, and emotional factors in understanding economic decisions. Neuroeconomics adds another layer by using neuroscientific methods in understanding the interplay between economic behavior and neural mechanisms. By using tools from various fields, some scholars claim that neuroeconomics offers a more integrative way of understanding decision making.
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