Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... tested using a solid figure with perspective cues alone (P-only condition), and 58% (36/62) of these showed selective response to the orientation of the stimuli. Of the 62 SOS neurons, 35 neurons were also tested using SFS with disparity cues alone (D-only condition) in addition to the D⫹P and P-onl ...
... tested using a solid figure with perspective cues alone (P-only condition), and 58% (36/62) of these showed selective response to the orientation of the stimuli. Of the 62 SOS neurons, 35 neurons were also tested using SFS with disparity cues alone (D-only condition) in addition to the D⫹P and P-onl ...
Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive - lsr
... with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to understand, solely based on the known anatomical connections, how the information is processed in the basal ganglia. We propose that the basal ganglia have two ways to control movements using two kinds of output: 1) control over the thalamocortical ...
... with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to understand, solely based on the known anatomical connections, how the information is processed in the basal ganglia. We propose that the basal ganglia have two ways to control movements using two kinds of output: 1) control over the thalamocortical ...
Fuzzy Miner A Fuzzy System for Solving Pattern - CEUR
... Fuzzy, statistical and structural approaches are valid approaches to the classification problem. The point is that probability (statistical approach) involves crisp set theory and does not allow for an element to be a partial member in a class. Probability is an indicator of the frequency or likelih ...
... Fuzzy, statistical and structural approaches are valid approaches to the classification problem. The point is that probability (statistical approach) involves crisp set theory and does not allow for an element to be a partial member in a class. Probability is an indicator of the frequency or likelih ...
Neural substrates for expectation-modulated fear learning in
... A form of aversively motivated learning called fear conditioning occurs when a neutral conditioned stimulus is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS). UCS-evoked depolarization of amygdala neurons may instruct Hebbian plasticity that stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–uncondit ...
... A form of aversively motivated learning called fear conditioning occurs when a neutral conditioned stimulus is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS). UCS-evoked depolarization of amygdala neurons may instruct Hebbian plasticity that stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–uncondit ...
Clonal analysis of the mushroom bodies
... morphological plasticity reflects the degree of stimulation in the living environment of individual animals (Technau, 1984; Heisenberg et al., 1995). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms for MB-mediated brain functions, it is important ...
... morphological plasticity reflects the degree of stimulation in the living environment of individual animals (Technau, 1984; Heisenberg et al., 1995). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms for MB-mediated brain functions, it is important ...
Dendritic Computation - UCSD Cognitive Science
... are the hallmark of brains being performed by the network of these simple elements. In this framework, the neuron (often called a “Perceptron,” “Spin,” or “Unit”) sums up the synaptic input and, by comparing this sum against a threshold, “decides” whether to initiate an action potential. In computat ...
... are the hallmark of brains being performed by the network of these simple elements. In this framework, the neuron (often called a “Perceptron,” “Spin,” or “Unit”) sums up the synaptic input and, by comparing this sum against a threshold, “decides” whether to initiate an action potential. In computat ...
Document
... If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action potential Incorrect: An action potential refers to a s ...
... If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action potential Incorrect: An action potential refers to a s ...
Executive Control Over Cognition: Stronger and Earlier Rule
... Changing the boundary orientation over trials therefore required reclassifying the circular stimulus array into orthogonal sets of spatial categories. The boundary cue served to instruct a categorization rule in the sense that its orientation dictated which of two independently varying dimensions of ...
... Changing the boundary orientation over trials therefore required reclassifying the circular stimulus array into orthogonal sets of spatial categories. The boundary cue served to instruct a categorization rule in the sense that its orientation dictated which of two independently varying dimensions of ...
A self-organizing model of disparity maps in the primary visual cortex
... Current models of primary visual cortex (V1) development show how visual features such as orientation and eye preference can emerge from spontaneous and visually evoked neural activity, but it is not yet known whether spatially organized maps for low-level visual pattern disparity are present in V1, ...
... Current models of primary visual cortex (V1) development show how visual features such as orientation and eye preference can emerge from spontaneous and visually evoked neural activity, but it is not yet known whether spatially organized maps for low-level visual pattern disparity are present in V1, ...
Neural Activity in Macaque Parietal Cortex Reflects
... selective persistent activity would also discharge selectively when random dot motion instructed the monkey to make an eye movement to the preferred choice target (Shadlen and Newsome, 1996, 2001; Roitman and Shadlen, 2002). Before conducting the full battery of experiments, we confirmed this select ...
... selective persistent activity would also discharge selectively when random dot motion instructed the monkey to make an eye movement to the preferred choice target (Shadlen and Newsome, 1996, 2001; Roitman and Shadlen, 2002). Before conducting the full battery of experiments, we confirmed this select ...
Spontaneous persistent activity in entorhinal cortex modulates
... interactions, whereby MECIII neurons produce a partial decoupling of the CA1 activity from neocortical UDS via their markedly delayed Down transitions and persistent Up states. Notably, the authors found that there was a strong correlation between a neuron’s Down-transition lag and its probability o ...
... interactions, whereby MECIII neurons produce a partial decoupling of the CA1 activity from neocortical UDS via their markedly delayed Down transitions and persistent Up states. Notably, the authors found that there was a strong correlation between a neuron’s Down-transition lag and its probability o ...
an integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
... maintenance of patterns of activity that represent goals and the means to achieve them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, ...
... maintenance of patterns of activity that represent goals and the means to achieve them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, ...
Spatiotemporal Properties of Eye Position Signals
... at 1 kHz, and were stored in appropriate files during the experiments for further off-line analysis that was performed using Matlab (Mathworks). For each neuron, data were aligned on either the initiation of saccades or the onset and offset of visual stimuli. Saccades were detected using automated al ...
... at 1 kHz, and were stored in appropriate files during the experiments for further off-line analysis that was performed using Matlab (Mathworks). For each neuron, data were aligned on either the initiation of saccades or the onset and offset of visual stimuli. Saccades were detected using automated al ...
electrophysiological studies of rat substantia nigra neurons in an in
... Although the precise mechanism of delayed neuronal degeneration in the SNR following MCA occlusion is not known, there is increasing evidence that the excessive excitation induced by a loss of an inhibitory GABAergic input from the neostriatum and/or the globus pallidus plays a major role. The delay ...
... Although the precise mechanism of delayed neuronal degeneration in the SNR following MCA occlusion is not known, there is increasing evidence that the excessive excitation induced by a loss of an inhibitory GABAergic input from the neostriatum and/or the globus pallidus plays a major role. The delay ...
Neuronal Correlates for Preparatory Set Associated with Pro
... vertical for microstimulation of the SC. These were the same animals that we used for single neuron recordings in the SC in the same paradigm (Everling et al., 1999). Single neurons were recorded in the rostral bank of the arcuate sulcus. The F EF region was first identified by low-threshold microst ...
... vertical for microstimulation of the SC. These were the same animals that we used for single neuron recordings in the SC in the same paradigm (Everling et al., 1999). Single neurons were recorded in the rostral bank of the arcuate sulcus. The F EF region was first identified by low-threshold microst ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... that LTP of the associational/commissural connections can be induced by pairing spike bursts in the mossy fibers and the association/commissural pathway, and this effect depends on the order and interval between the pre/post bursts rather than between individual spikes. For a synaptic learning rule ...
... that LTP of the associational/commissural connections can be induced by pairing spike bursts in the mossy fibers and the association/commissural pathway, and this effect depends on the order and interval between the pre/post bursts rather than between individual spikes. For a synaptic learning rule ...
Schema Theory
... hypotheses are offered as to how the constituent schemas are played over particular regions of the brain. To exemplify this, consider approach and avoidance in the frog (see also VISUOMOTOR COORDINATION IN FROG AND TOAD; and see Arkin et al., 2000, for a related discussion of behavioral models of th ...
... hypotheses are offered as to how the constituent schemas are played over particular regions of the brain. To exemplify this, consider approach and avoidance in the frog (see also VISUOMOTOR COORDINATION IN FROG AND TOAD; and see Arkin et al., 2000, for a related discussion of behavioral models of th ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... postsynaptic neuron with changing input rate (52). The effects of complex spike trains in LTP/LTD induction were also examined in L5 of visual cortical slices, using paired bursts of spikes with varying pre/post intervals and burst frequencies (97). In addition to the pre/post interval, synaptic mod ...
... postsynaptic neuron with changing input rate (52). The effects of complex spike trains in LTP/LTD induction were also examined in L5 of visual cortical slices, using paired bursts of spikes with varying pre/post intervals and burst frequencies (97). In addition to the pre/post interval, synaptic mod ...
Representation of Events in Nerve Nets and Finite Automata
... We shall see later (Section 5.5) that there is no loss of generality in considering the representation, in the case of ·nerve nets, to have the simple form of the firing (or sometimes the non-firing instead) at a certain time of a certain neuron. Por explaining response as due to stimulus., 1 t woul ...
... We shall see later (Section 5.5) that there is no loss of generality in considering the representation, in the case of ·nerve nets, to have the simple form of the firing (or sometimes the non-firing instead) at a certain time of a certain neuron. Por explaining response as due to stimulus., 1 t woul ...
Orexinergic Input to Dopaminergic Neurons of the Human Ventral
... input to TH-IR neurons of the VTA and SN, several immunohistochemical parameters of these connections were analyzed quantitatively and data obtained from 5 rats and 5 humans compared. In each of these comparative studies the counting of neuronal appositions was carried out using a X63 oil-immersion ...
... input to TH-IR neurons of the VTA and SN, several immunohistochemical parameters of these connections were analyzed quantitatively and data obtained from 5 rats and 5 humans compared. In each of these comparative studies the counting of neuronal appositions was carried out using a X63 oil-immersion ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... ulus sequence was lengthy and not all neurons could be held for the entire sequence, the stimulus order (0, 180, 90, 270, 45, 135, 225, and 315°) was designed to produce the greatest possible range of directions at any stopping point. When four scanning directions were used, the order was 0, 90, 180 ...
... ulus sequence was lengthy and not all neurons could be held for the entire sequence, the stimulus order (0, 180, 90, 270, 45, 135, 225, and 315°) was designed to produce the greatest possible range of directions at any stopping point. When four scanning directions were used, the order was 0, 90, 180 ...