New Roles for the External Globus Pallidus in Basal Ganglia Circuits
... GABAergic innervation of all striatal cell types (Mallet et al., 2012). This is in contrast to the pallidostriatal projection of a subset of prototypical GPe neurons (Bevan et al., 1998; Hoover and Marshall, 1999, 2002; Sato et al., 2000; Kita and Kita, 2001; Kita, 2007) that selectively innervate s ...
... GABAergic innervation of all striatal cell types (Mallet et al., 2012). This is in contrast to the pallidostriatal projection of a subset of prototypical GPe neurons (Bevan et al., 1998; Hoover and Marshall, 1999, 2002; Sato et al., 2000; Kita and Kita, 2001; Kita, 2007) that selectively innervate s ...
Disentanglement of local field potential sources by independent
... framework. Apart from propagating spikes whose contribution to LFPs is negligible (Mitzdorf 1985), such assumption seems to be reasonable inasmuch as synaptic afferents to target cells remain in place and the postsynaptic transmembrane currents elicited by them are for the most part circumscribed to ...
... framework. Apart from propagating spikes whose contribution to LFPs is negligible (Mitzdorf 1985), such assumption seems to be reasonable inasmuch as synaptic afferents to target cells remain in place and the postsynaptic transmembrane currents elicited by them are for the most part circumscribed to ...
Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae
... habituation as well. (The source of this discrepancy may be the specific NMDAR antagonist used by the two groups; Roberts and colleagues observed that MK801, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, used by Wolman and colleagues, did disrupt rapid habituation, whereas DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid ...
... habituation as well. (The source of this discrepancy may be the specific NMDAR antagonist used by the two groups; Roberts and colleagues observed that MK801, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, used by Wolman and colleagues, did disrupt rapid habituation, whereas DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid ...
Epileptiform Activity Can Be Initiated in Various Neocortical Layers
... cerebral spinal fluid containing nominally zero magnesium. The neocortical slices (400-mm thick) were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rats (P21–28). Optical imaging was made by using a high speed photodiode array. Spontaneous epileptiform activity emerged 20 – 40 min after the preparation was perfused ...
... cerebral spinal fluid containing nominally zero magnesium. The neocortical slices (400-mm thick) were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rats (P21–28). Optical imaging was made by using a high speed photodiode array. Spontaneous epileptiform activity emerged 20 – 40 min after the preparation was perfused ...
A quantitative link between face discrimination deficits and neuronal
... experiments in ventral temporal cortex, reporting that the second presentation of a stimulus (within a short time period) evokes a smaller neural response than the first (Miller et al., 1993). It has been shown that this adaptation can be measured using fMRI, and that the degree of adaptation depends ...
... experiments in ventral temporal cortex, reporting that the second presentation of a stimulus (within a short time period) evokes a smaller neural response than the first (Miller et al., 1993). It has been shown that this adaptation can be measured using fMRI, and that the degree of adaptation depends ...
Transgenic Mouse Lines Subdivide Medial Vestibular Nucleus
... gen). Reactions were then incubated at 50°C for 1 h and 75°C for 10 min mouse line with a fluorescently labeled population distinct from that of and stored at 4°C. Positive controls [whole-brain RNA preparations GIN neurons, we examined mice generated by insertion of a modified (RNeasy kit; Qiagen, ...
... gen). Reactions were then incubated at 50°C for 1 h and 75°C for 10 min mouse line with a fluorescently labeled population distinct from that of and stored at 4°C. Positive controls [whole-brain RNA preparations GIN neurons, we examined mice generated by insertion of a modified (RNeasy kit; Qiagen, ...
Andrea Kádár
... and AGRP/NPY neurons are stimulated. Interestingly, two hours after the start of refeeding αMSH/CART neurons are active and acutely stimulate the neurons in the ventral parvocellular part of the PVN (vPVN), but TRH neurons seem to be resistant against the stimulatory effect of these neurons during t ...
... and AGRP/NPY neurons are stimulated. Interestingly, two hours after the start of refeeding αMSH/CART neurons are active and acutely stimulate the neurons in the ventral parvocellular part of the PVN (vPVN), but TRH neurons seem to be resistant against the stimulatory effect of these neurons during t ...
hippocampo–cerebellar theta band phase synchrony in rabbits
... Hz). Next, the filtered signals were transformed into a complex form using the Hilbert transform. Following this, the amplitudes of the signals were normalized to 1 (one) by dividing each data point by its absolute value. Then, the phase difference of the two signals in comparison was calculated by ...
... Hz). Next, the filtered signals were transformed into a complex form using the Hilbert transform. Following this, the amplitudes of the signals were normalized to 1 (one) by dividing each data point by its absolute value. Then, the phase difference of the two signals in comparison was calculated by ...
NIH Public Access
... Delay-tuned neurons occur in auditory systems of many bat species (Pteronotus parnellii, O'Neill and Suga 1979, Suga et al., 1979; Myotis lucifugus, Sullivan 1982a,b; Eptesicus fuscus, Dear et al., 1993; Feng et al., 1978), Rhinolophus rouxi, Schuller et al., 1988, 1991; Carollia perspicillata, Hage ...
... Delay-tuned neurons occur in auditory systems of many bat species (Pteronotus parnellii, O'Neill and Suga 1979, Suga et al., 1979; Myotis lucifugus, Sullivan 1982a,b; Eptesicus fuscus, Dear et al., 1993; Feng et al., 1978), Rhinolophus rouxi, Schuller et al., 1988, 1991; Carollia perspicillata, Hage ...
Saccade Target Selection in the Superior - Smith
... McPeek, Robert M., and Edward L. Keller. Saccade target selection in the superior colliculus during a visual search task. J Neurophysiol 88: 2019 –2034, 2002; 10.1152/jn.00181.2002. Because realworld scenes typically contain many different potential objects of interest, selecting one goal from many ...
... McPeek, Robert M., and Edward L. Keller. Saccade target selection in the superior colliculus during a visual search task. J Neurophysiol 88: 2019 –2034, 2002; 10.1152/jn.00181.2002. Because realworld scenes typically contain many different potential objects of interest, selecting one goal from many ...
Gao JCN 2000 - Georgia State University
... obtained. Data from a previous study of Nissl-stained neurons, discussed here for comparison, included a total of 70 sections from the V1 of 53 ferrets, and 67 sections from AI of 55 ferrets (Gao et al., 1999). Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the emergence, distribution, and morphology of PV ...
... obtained. Data from a previous study of Nissl-stained neurons, discussed here for comparison, included a total of 70 sections from the V1 of 53 ferrets, and 67 sections from AI of 55 ferrets (Gao et al., 1999). Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the emergence, distribution, and morphology of PV ...
Dynamic Computation of Incentive Salience: “Wanting” What Was
... Salt depletion procedure. Sodium appetite average activity across trials in 50 ms bins. Note that the homeostatic day 1 unit fired robustly to the cue for sucrose but not to the was induced by a combined regimen of the di- cue for salt. By contrast, the unit recorded on sodium-depleted day 2 rose in ...
... Salt depletion procedure. Sodium appetite average activity across trials in 50 ms bins. Note that the homeostatic day 1 unit fired robustly to the cue for sucrose but not to the was induced by a combined regimen of the di- cue for salt. By contrast, the unit recorded on sodium-depleted day 2 rose in ...
Kv2 Channels Form Delayed-Rectifier Potassium Channels In Situ
... respectively ( p ⬍ 0.05), indicating that overexpression of the mutant subunit produced a 40% reduction in Gmax. In mature ⫹Mutant and Control neurons, Gmax values were 13.7 ⫾ 1.0 and 21.5 ⫾ 1.5 pS/m 2 ( p ⬍ 0.0002), indicating that overexpression of the mutant subunit reduced Gmax to the same exte ...
... respectively ( p ⬍ 0.05), indicating that overexpression of the mutant subunit produced a 40% reduction in Gmax. In mature ⫹Mutant and Control neurons, Gmax values were 13.7 ⫾ 1.0 and 21.5 ⫾ 1.5 pS/m 2 ( p ⬍ 0.0002), indicating that overexpression of the mutant subunit reduced Gmax to the same exte ...
Oscillatory phase coupling coordinates
... Fig. S3). This dependence indicates that single-unit spiking is related to large-scale network activity patterns rather than simply reflecting local presynaptic phenomena. Importantly, the pattern of phase coupling estimated using all data (baseline coupling) differs from the pattern of phase couplin ...
... Fig. S3). This dependence indicates that single-unit spiking is related to large-scale network activity patterns rather than simply reflecting local presynaptic phenomena. Importantly, the pattern of phase coupling estimated using all data (baseline coupling) differs from the pattern of phase couplin ...
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... of individual serotonergic neurons supports similar conclusions, revealing molecularly distinct subtypes of 5-HT neurons (Spaethling et al., 2014; Okaty et al., 2015), including subtypes that not only express the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) for synthesis of 5-HT, but also neurotran ...
... of individual serotonergic neurons supports similar conclusions, revealing molecularly distinct subtypes of 5-HT neurons (Spaethling et al., 2014; Okaty et al., 2015), including subtypes that not only express the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) for synthesis of 5-HT, but also neurotran ...
Okamoto Devel Neurbiol Review
... approach to or avoid from the goal or in the discrepancy between the expectation of reward and the obtained result, this system inhibits the ongoing behaviors and switches the behaviors of the individual animals into the stop-and-explore mode. The animals fall into the state of anxiety while the con ...
... approach to or avoid from the goal or in the discrepancy between the expectation of reward and the obtained result, this system inhibits the ongoing behaviors and switches the behaviors of the individual animals into the stop-and-explore mode. The animals fall into the state of anxiety while the con ...
PPT
... – Maps for the direction of either arm or eye movements that the monkey is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar to that of the neurons recorded in the same brain ...
... – Maps for the direction of either arm or eye movements that the monkey is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar to that of the neurons recorded in the same brain ...
Subcortical loops through the basal ganglia
... Close examination of ascending projections from the superior colliculus to the thalamus suggests that there are at least three functionally segregated systems, one originating from the superficial layers and two from the deep layers. The loops can be distinguished primarily according to their thalam ...
... Close examination of ascending projections from the superior colliculus to the thalamus suggests that there are at least three functionally segregated systems, one originating from the superficial layers and two from the deep layers. The loops can be distinguished primarily according to their thalam ...